Question 1

Primary succession occurs when a community develops ____________ while secondary succession occurs when one ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Into a climax community; species replaces another 
B)  And replaces another; ecosystem becomes stable 
C)  On bare rock; biological community replaces another 
D)  And then fails; niche changes 
E)  Intraspecific competition; experiences interspecific competition 
A)  Into a climax community; species replaces another 
B)  And replaces another; ecosystem becomes stable 
C)  On bare rock; biological community replaces another 
D)  And then fails; niche changes 
E)  Intraspecific competition; experiences interspecific competition

Question 2

Predation influences evolution when

Accepted Answer

A)  Prey species develop defensive characteristics over generations 
B)  An individual predator adapts and becomes more efficient in catching its prey 
C)  Predators kill off all of their prey 
D)  A population of predators develop defensive characteristics 
E)  Prey species change their reproductive rate to match predation in the local ecosystem 
A)  Prey species develop defensive characteristics over generations 
B)  An individual predator adapts and becomes more efficient in catching its prey 
C)  Predators kill off all of their prey 
D)  A population of predators develop defensive characteristics 
E)  Prey species change their reproductive rate to match predation in the local ecosystem

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  In a mutualistic relationship one partner benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped 
B)  In a mutualistic relationship both partners benefit from the relationship 
C)  In a commensalistic relationship one partner benefits and the other is adversely affected 
D)  In a commensalistic relationship both partners benefit equally 
E)  In a parasitic relationship both partners are adversely affected 
A)  In a mutualistic relationship one partner benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped 
B)  In a mutualistic relationship both partners benefit from the relationship 
C)  In a commensalistic relationship one partner benefits and the other is adversely affected 
D)  In a commensalistic relationship both partners benefit equally 
E)  In a parasitic relationship both partners are adversely affected

Question 4

There are usually many tolerance limits responsible for limiting the number and location of a species. However, some organisms have ____________ that limit/limits their distribution.

Accepted Answer

A)  a specific critical factor 
B)  other environmental conditions 
C)  many factors 
D)  nothing 
A)  a specific critical factor 
B)  other environmental conditions 
C)  many factors 
D)  nothing

Question 5

What would you label the range of temperature from 90$\degree$F to 94$\degree$F for this particular species?

Accepted Answer

A)  Zone of intolerance 
B)  Zone of physiological stress 
C)  Tolerance limit range 
D)  Optimal range 
E)  Range of tolerance 
A)  Zone of intolerance 
B)  Zone of physiological stress 
C)  Tolerance limit range 
D)  Optimal range 
E)  Range of tolerance

Question 6

Symbiosis means

Accepted Answer

A)  A relationship in which both species benefit 
B)  A parasitic relationship 
C)  Commensalism 
D)  Living together 
E)  A relationship in which one species benefits and the other does not benefit 
A)  A relationship in which both species benefit 
B)  A parasitic relationship 
C)  Commensalism 
D)  Living together 
E)  A relationship in which one species benefits and the other does not benefit

Question 7

A viceroy butterfly that closely resembles the bad tasting monarch is an example of __________, and the example of beetles that look like stinging wasps is an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Batesian mimicry; Batesian mimicry 
B)  Batesian mimicry; Muellerian mimicry 
C)  Muellerian mimicry; Muellerian mimicry 
D)  Muellerian mimicry; Batesian mimicry 
E)  Commensalism; symbiosis 
A)  Batesian mimicry; Batesian mimicry 
B)  Batesian mimicry; Muellerian mimicry 
C)  Muellerian mimicry; Muellerian mimicry 
D)  Muellerian mimicry; Batesian mimicry 
E)  Commensalism; symbiosis

Question 8

Tolerance limits are _______ that limit a species' survival.

Accepted Answer

A)  Temperature ranges 
B)  Any environmental conditions 
C)  Population sizes 
D)  Narrow salinity levels 
E)  Undesirable toxin concentrations 
A)  Temperature ranges 
B)  Any environmental conditions 
C)  Population sizes 
D)  Narrow salinity levels 
E)  Undesirable toxin concentrations

Question 9

Complexity in an ecological community has to do with the number of

Accepted Answer

A)  Species in the population 
B)  Species at each trophic level 
C)  Genetic variations within a species 
D)  Primary producers available 
E)  Primary producers relative to the number of consumers 
A)  Species in the population 
B)  Species at each trophic level 
C)  Genetic variations within a species 
D)  Primary producers available 
E)  Primary producers relative to the number of consumers

Question 10

In a biological community where diversity is great, such as a tropical rainforest, the abundance of any one species is likely to be

Accepted Answer

A)  Great 
B)  Small 
C)  Widely variable from year to year 
D)  The same from year to year 
E)  None of these, abundance does not depend on diversity 
A)  Great 
B)  Small 
C)  Widely variable from year to year 
D)  The same from year to year 
E)  None of these, abundance does not depend on diversity

Question 11

In the partnership of a lichen, the fungus provides _________ and the relationship is best described as _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Most of the photosynthesis; symbiosis 
B)  Poisons that deter predation; commensalism 
C)  Structure and moisture-holding ability; mutualism 
D)  Very little to the algal partner; parasitism 
E)  Some of the photosynthesis; commensalism 
A)  Most of the photosynthesis; symbiosis 
B)  Poisons that deter predation; commensalism 
C)  Structure and moisture-holding ability; mutualism 
D)  Very little to the algal partner; parasitism 
E)  Some of the photosynthesis; commensalism

Question 12

An especially effective strategy for reducing intraspecific competition is

Accepted Answer

A)  Assigning different ecological niches for juveniles and adults of the same species 
B)  Rapid reproduction 
C)  Eating fruit before it is ripe for other species 
D)  Resource partitioning 
A)  Assigning different ecological niches for juveniles and adults of the same species 
B)  Rapid reproduction 
C)  Eating fruit before it is ripe for other species 
D)  Resource partitioning

Question 13

Organisms commonly develop new traits because they desire them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following are pioneer species?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wood warblers 
B)  Dandelions 
C)  Starlings 
D)  Lichens 
E)  Humans 
A)  Wood warblers 
B)  Dandelions 
C)  Starlings 
D)  Lichens 
E)  Humans

Question 15

An example of primary productivity would be

Accepted Answer

A)  a wild raspberry plant growing 30 grams of new leaf mass during a day of photosynthesis. 
B)  a young oriole growing 10 more grams of muscle during a feeding trip to a raspberry bush. 
C)  a young hawk growing 10 more grams of body mass by killing and eating a young oriole. 
A)  a wild raspberry plant growing 30 grams of new leaf mass during a day of photosynthesis. 
B)  a young oriole growing 10 more grams of muscle during a feeding trip to a raspberry bush. 
C)  a young hawk growing 10 more grams of body mass by killing and eating a young oriole.

Question 16

Some communities are prevented from reaching a true climax stage by periodic disruption by events such as fire.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Attributes of a broad niche could include an organism having

Accepted Answer

A)  a wide range of foods eaten. 
B)  specific feeding times. 
C)  a narrow range of foods eaten. 
D)  living in one species of tree. 
A)  a wide range of foods eaten. 
B)  specific feeding times. 
C)  a narrow range of foods eaten. 
D)  living in one species of tree.

Question 18

As ecological development proceeds, a biological community

Accepted Answer

A)  Gradually stagnates 
B)  Becomes more diverse 
C)  Goes through repeated secondary succession stages 
D)  Goes through repeated primary succession stages 
E)  Becomes less complex 
A)  Gradually stagnates 
B)  Becomes more diverse 
C)  Goes through repeated secondary succession stages 
D)  Goes through repeated primary succession stages 
E)  Becomes less complex

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a strategy for successfully avoiding interspecific competition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eating fruit before it is ripe for other species 
B)  Trees spreading seeds or offspring far and fast 
C)  Producing substances that are toxic to competitors 
D)  All of these are strategies for successful interspecific competition 
A)  Eating fruit before it is ripe for other species 
B)  Trees spreading seeds or offspring far and fast 
C)  Producing substances that are toxic to competitors 
D)  All of these are strategies for successful interspecific competition

Question 20

Two birds, a titmouse and a chickadee are living in the same territory and are using some of the same resources. This interaction can be best classified as

Accepted Answer

A)  Mutualism 
B)  Intraspecific competition 
C)  Interspecific competition 
D)  Symbiosis 
E)  Commensalism 
A)  Mutualism 
B)  Intraspecific competition 
C)  Interspecific competition 
D)  Symbiosis 
E)  Commensalism

Exam 4: Evolution, Biological Communities, and Species Interactions

Primary succession occurs when a community develops ____________ while secondary succession occurs when one ________.

Predation influences evolution when

Which of the following statements is true?

There are usually many tolerance limits responsible for limiting the number and location of a species. However, some organisms have ____________ that limit/limits their distribution.

What would you label the range of temperature from 90 °\degree° F to 94 °\degree° F for this particular species?

Symbiosis means

A viceroy butterfly that closely resembles the bad tasting monarch is an example of __________, and the example of beetles that look like stinging wasps is an example of __________.

Tolerance limits are _______ that limit a species' survival.

Complexity in an ecological community has to do with the number of

In a biological community where diversity is great, such as a tropical rainforest, the abundance of any one species is likely to be

In the partnership of a lichen, the fungus provides _________ and the relationship is best described as _______.

An especially effective strategy for reducing intraspecific competition is

Organisms commonly develop new traits because they desire them.

Which of the following are pioneer species?

An example of primary productivity would be

Some communities are prevented from reaching a true climax stage by periodic disruption by events such as fire.

Attributes of a broad niche could include an organism having

As ecological development proceeds, a biological community

Which of the following is NOT a strategy for successfully avoiding interspecific competition?

Two birds, a titmouse and a chickadee are living in the same territory and are using some of the same resources. This interaction can be best classified as

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Primary succession occurs when a community develops ____ while secondary succession occurs when one .

What would you label the range of temperature from 90 $\degree$ F to 94 $\degree$ F for this particular species?

A viceroy butterfly that closely resembles the bad tasting monarch is an example of , and the example of beetles that look like stinging wasps is an example of .

In the partnership of a lichen, the fungus provides ___ and the relationship is best described as _.