Question 1

From the 1950s to the 1970s, approximately 500,000 acres of wetlands were lost per year.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

A significant dilemma facing restoration ecologists is deciding the earlier condition to which a site should be restored.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The most influential American forester was Aldo Leopold.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

A pioneer in restoration ecology who planted as many as 6,000 trees every year was

Accepted Answer

A)  Gifford Pinchot 
B)  Theodore Roosevelt 
C)  Eli Whitney 
D)  Aldo Leopold 
E)  John Wesley Powell 
A)  Gifford Pinchot 
B)  Theodore Roosevelt 
C)  Eli Whitney 
D)  Aldo Leopold 
E)  John Wesley Powell

Question 5

One of the reasons that it is difficult to restore an oak savanna is that

Accepted Answer

A)  Too many weedy species take over the oak saplings 
B)  There are no natural fires to control vegetation due to human development of the areas 
C)  Too many trees are cut down illegally for their timber value 
D)  Too many wild animals destroy the bark of the trees 
E)  There is not enough suitable land remaining 
A)  Too many weedy species take over the oak saplings 
B)  There are no natural fires to control vegetation due to human development of the areas 
C)  Too many trees are cut down illegally for their timber value 
D)  Too many wild animals destroy the bark of the trees 
E)  There is not enough suitable land remaining

Question 6

Stream restoration techniques include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  Using small amounts of dynamite to unclog waterways 
B)  Creating fish habitat 
C)  Planting ground cover on uplands to reduce erosion 
D)  Placing dams in streams to deflect current away from the banks 
E)  Narrowing a stream to increase its speed 
A)  Using small amounts of dynamite to unclog waterways 
B)  Creating fish habitat 
C)  Planting ground cover on uplands to reduce erosion 
D)  Placing dams in streams to deflect current away from the banks 
E)  Narrowing a stream to increase its speed

Question 7

The former Berkely mine pit in Butte, Montana is now a 300 m-deep lake with a pH of

Accepted Answer

A)  2.5 
B)  4.0 
C)  5.5 
D)  7.0 
E)  9.7 
A)  2.5 
B)  4.0 
C)  5.5 
D)  7.0 
E)  9.7

Question 8

The restoration of an ecosystem that involves allowing invasive species to thrive in order to contribute to the ecological series in a damaged environment is called _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  an incomplete ecosystem 
B)  a mixed ecosystem 
C)  a non-native ecosystem 
D)  a novel ecosystem 
A)  an incomplete ecosystem 
B)  a mixed ecosystem 
C)  a non-native ecosystem 
D)  a novel ecosystem

Question 9

The majority of coastal wetland loss in the United States is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  Loss of estuaries in the northeast 
B)  Levees that guide the Mississippi River out into the Gulf of Mexico 
C)  Evaporation due to global warming 
D)  Development 
E)  Draining and filling to provide storm barricades 
A)  Loss of estuaries in the northeast 
B)  Levees that guide the Mississippi River out into the Gulf of Mexico 
C)  Evaporation due to global warming 
D)  Development 
E)  Draining and filling to provide storm barricades

Question 10

Wetlands are critical for wildlife survival because they

Accepted Answer

A)  Are highly productive and are sources of food 
B)  Allow animals to cool off 
C)  Contain few, but rare, species 
D)  Provide vast amounts of habitat 
E)  All of these are correct 
A)  Are highly productive and are sources of food 
B)  Allow animals to cool off 
C)  Contain few, but rare, species 
D)  Provide vast amounts of habitat 
E)  All of these are correct

Question 11

Brandon noticed that next to a construction site of a new shopping mall there was a new man-made pond. This artificial wetland/pond was constructed to _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  collect polluted storm water run-off from the parking lot in order to prevent it from getting into the natural streams and rivers. 
B)  flood control and nothing else 
C)  to make a habitat for Canadian geese 
D)  to make the shopping area look more visually appealing 
A)  collect polluted storm water run-off from the parking lot in order to prevent it from getting into the natural streams and rivers. 
B)  flood control and nothing else 
C)  to make a habitat for Canadian geese 
D)  to make the shopping area look more visually appealing

Question 12

The majority of the mixed grass section of the Great Plains has been converted to

Accepted Answer

A)  Oak savanna 
B)  Tallgrass prairie 
C)  Crop lands 
D)  Grazing lands 
E)  Wetlands 
A)  Oak savanna 
B)  Tallgrass prairie 
C)  Crop lands 
D)  Grazing lands 
E)  Wetlands

Question 13

Protection of our forests depends on all of the following, except

Accepted Answer

A)  Allowing natural fires to burn 
B)  Removal of dense undergrowth 
C)  Using prescribed fires where necessary 
D)  Cutting down the largest trees in fire-prone areas 
E)  None of these is correct 
A)  Allowing natural fires to burn 
B)  Removal of dense undergrowth 
C)  Using prescribed fires where necessary 
D)  Cutting down the largest trees in fire-prone areas 
E)  None of these is correct

Question 14

Bioremediation refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  attempts to increase the number of species in a polluted area. 
B)  use of organisms to treat or clean up the environment. 
C)  changes in vegetation brought about by invasive species. 
A)  attempts to increase the number of species in a polluted area. 
B)  use of organisms to treat or clean up the environment. 
C)  changes in vegetation brought about by invasive species.

Question 15

Important tools in prairie restoration include

Accepted Answer

A)  fire. 
B)  volcanic eruptions. 
C)  bison. 
D)  fire and bison. 
A)  fire. 
B)  volcanic eruptions. 
C)  bison. 
D)  fire and bison.

Question 16

All of the following are things that can be done toward ecological restoration except

Accepted Answer

A)  Pick up litter 
B)  Replant native species 
C)  Remove invasive species 
D)  Grow a garden 
E)  Burn unwanted vegetation 
A)  Pick up litter 
B)  Replant native species 
C)  Remove invasive species 
D)  Grow a garden 
E)  Burn unwanted vegetation

Question 17

Using intense physical or chemical methods to clear and repair severely degraded or barren sites is called _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  reclamation 
B)  resurgence 
C)  restoration 
D)  system reparation 
A)  reclamation 
B)  resurgence 
C)  restoration 
D)  system reparation

Question 18

The first step in ecological restoration is to

Accepted Answer

A)  reintroduce rare species. 
B)  relocate human populations. 
C)  stop whatever is causing the damage. 
D)  fix water quality. 
A)  reintroduce rare species. 
B)  relocate human populations. 
C)  stop whatever is causing the damage. 
D)  fix water quality.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a main component of restoration of any ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Replanting 
B)  Monitoring 
C)  Controlling invasive species 
D)  Removing physical stressors 
E)  Removal of indigenous peoples 
A)  Replanting 
B)  Monitoring 
C)  Controlling invasive species 
D)  Removing physical stressors 
E)  Removal of indigenous peoples

Question 20

Restoration draws on which of the following fields of science the most?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ecology 
B)  Hydrology 
C)  Soil science 
D)  Ecology and hydrology 
E)  All of these are correct 
A)  Ecology 
B)  Hydrology 
C)  Soil science 
D)  Ecology and hydrology 
E)  All of these are correct

Exam 13: Restoration Ecology

From the 1950s to the 1970s, approximately 500,000 acres of wetlands were lost per year.

A significant dilemma facing restoration ecologists is deciding the earlier condition to which a site should be restored.

The most influential American forester was Aldo Leopold.

A pioneer in restoration ecology who planted as many as 6,000 trees every year was

One of the reasons that it is difficult to restore an oak savanna is that

Stream restoration techniques include all of the following except

The former Berkely mine pit in Butte, Montana is now a 300 m-deep lake with a pH of

The restoration of an ecosystem that involves allowing invasive species to thrive in order to contribute to the ecological series in a damaged environment is called _________.

The majority of coastal wetland loss in the United States is due to

Wetlands are critical for wildlife survival because they

Brandon noticed that next to a construction site of a new shopping mall there was a new man-made pond. This artificial wetland/pond was constructed to _________.

The majority of the mixed grass section of the Great Plains has been converted to

Protection of our forests depends on all of the following, except

Bioremediation refers to

Important tools in prairie restoration include

All of the following are things that can be done toward ecological restoration except

Using intense physical or chemical methods to clear and repair severely degraded or barren sites is called _________.

The first step in ecological restoration is to

Which of the following is NOT a main component of restoration of any ecosystem?

Restoration draws on which of the following fields of science the most?

Understanding Our Environment

Principles of Science and Systems

Matter, Energy, and Life

Evolution, Biological Communities, and Species Interactions

Biomes: Global Patterns of Life

Population Biology

Human Populations

Environmental Health and Toxicology

Food and Hunger

Farming: Conventional and Sustainable Practices

Biodiversity: Preserving Species

Biodiversity: Preserving Landscapes

Geology and Earth Resources

Climate Change

Air Pollution

Water Use and Management

Water Pollution

Conventional Energy

Sustainable Energy

Solid, Toxic, and Hazardous Waste

Urbanization and Sustainable Cities

Ecological Economics

Environmental Policy, Law, and Planning

What Then Shall We Do

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