Question 1

Environmental groups have used ______________ as an effective tool in making nations more compliant with environmental regulations.

Accepted Answer

A)  Trade sanctions 
B)  Exposure to embarrass the country 
C)  Reporting of violators to the international court 
D)  World Trade Organization trade practices 
E)  None of these are effective in making nations more compliant with environmental regulations 
A)  Trade sanctions 
B)  Exposure to embarrass the country 
C)  Reporting of violators to the international court 
D)  World Trade Organization trade practices 
E)  None of these are effective in making nations more compliant with environmental regulations

Question 2

Which of the following represents the formal intentions of the legislature?

Accepted Answer

A)  Statute law 
B)  Case law 
C)  Administrative law 
D)  Common law 
E)  Tort law 
A)  Statute law 
B)  Case law 
C)  Administrative law 
D)  Common law 
E)  Tort law

Question 3

A precedent is important in ____________ law because _________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Statute; it determines whether participants have a right to be heard in court 
B)  Case; it will be used as an example in subsequent trials 
C)  Administrative; it determines whether participants have a right to be heard in court 
D)  Statute; it will be used as an example in subsequent trials 
E)  Statute, case, and administrative; it determines whether participants have a right to be heard in court 
A)  Statute; it determines whether participants have a right to be heard in court 
B)  Case; it will be used as an example in subsequent trials 
C)  Administrative; it determines whether participants have a right to be heard in court 
D)  Statute; it will be used as an example in subsequent trials 
E)  Statute, case, and administrative; it determines whether participants have a right to be heard in court

Question 4

One of NEPA's major failures is that it does not require federal agencies to evaluate environmental consequences in their decision-making process.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The case of the Alaskan fishermen winning damages against Exxon Oil company is an example of a _____ law case.

Accepted Answer

A)  Common 
B)  Tort 
C)  Statute 
D)  Civil 
E)  Criminal 
A)  Common 
B)  Tort 
C)  Statute 
D)  Civil 
E)  Criminal

Question 6

Authorizing amendments that have no relation to the appropriation bills they are attached to are called

Accepted Answer

A)  Lobbyists 
B)  Standings 
C)  Precedents 
D)  Tort laws 
E)  Riders 
A)  Lobbyists 
B)  Standings 
C)  Precedents 
D)  Tort laws 
E)  Riders

Question 7

Groups and individuals can attempt to persuade legislators to vote in a certain way via lobbying.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

K-Street Lobbyists typically try to influence policy development by maximizing objective public evaluation of their ideas.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Why is lobbying so important?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adding the amendments to appropriations bills changes policy. 
B)  Since it is the first case to be heard, it will be used as an example in subsequent trials. 
C)  Whether or not a participant has the right to be heard determines if the case will progress. 
D)  Personal contacts are the most effective way to persuade a legislator. 
E)  Compensations for damages can be costly to a company, and the company wants to avoid this action. 
A)  Adding the amendments to appropriations bills changes policy. 
B)  Since it is the first case to be heard, it will be used as an example in subsequent trials. 
C)  Whether or not a participant has the right to be heard determines if the case will progress. 
D)  Personal contacts are the most effective way to persuade a legislator. 
E)  Compensations for damages can be costly to a company, and the company wants to avoid this action.

Question 10

After a problem is identified, the next step in the policy cycle is to

Accepted Answer

A)  Build support for the problem 
B)  Develop proposals 
C)  Set an agenda 
D)  Suggest changes 
E)  Implement policy 
A)  Build support for the problem 
B)  Develop proposals 
C)  Set an agenda 
D)  Suggest changes 
E)  Implement policy

Question 11

You bought insurance and your agent hands you a policy. This is an example of a(n) _____ type of policy.

Accepted Answer

A)  Informal 
B)  Formal 
C)  Tangible 
D)  Intangible 
E)  Transitory 
A)  Informal 
B)  Formal 
C)  Tangible 
D)  Intangible 
E)  Transitory

Question 12

Civil law is to _______________ as criminal law is to crimes against the state or society.

Accepted Answer

A)  Legislation rulings 
B)  Administrative actions 
C)  Standings 
D)  Interactions between individuals 
E)  Precedents 
A)  Legislation rulings 
B)  Administrative actions 
C)  Standings 
D)  Interactions between individuals 
E)  Precedents

Question 13

Rather than directly suing a company for damages, it can be more effective to sue

Accepted Answer

A)  The individuals who are employed by the company 
B)  The government for not enforcing laws that would have prevented the damage 
C)  The government for making the laws so stringent 
D)  The owners of the company 
E)  None of these; it is most effective to directly sue the company 
A)  The individuals who are employed by the company 
B)  The government for not enforcing laws that would have prevented the damage 
C)  The government for making the laws so stringent 
D)  The owners of the company 
E)  None of these; it is most effective to directly sue the company

Question 14

There were quite a few environmental laws that were passed in the 1970s. Why is it important for people living in the twenty-first century to be familiar with these and other more recent environmental laws? In your discussion, discuss at least four specific examples.

Accepted Answer

Laws are listed in Table 24.1, p. 547 of

Question 15

Which environmental law created a giant fund to remediate abandoned toxic waste sites?

Accepted Answer

A)  Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 
B)  Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 
C)  Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCL
A)  
D)  Alaska National Interest Lands Act of 1980 
E)  National Forest Management Act of 1976 
A)  Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 
B)  Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 
C)  Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCL
A)  
D)  Alaska National Interest Lands Act of 1980 
E)  National Forest Management Act of 1976

Question 16

Which federal agency is responsible for Public Lands and National Parks?

Accepted Answer

A)  Agriculture Department 
B)  U.S. Forest Service 
C)  Environmental Protection Agency 
D)  Department of the Interior 
E)  Department of State 
A)  Agriculture Department 
B)  U.S. Forest Service 
C)  Environmental Protection Agency 
D)  Department of the Interior 
E)  Department of State

Question 17

Which of the following events did NOT have an influence on the rise of the modern environmental movement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rachel Carson's Silent Spring 
B)  Improved technology (live satellite feeds) that enabled television stations to get visual footage on the news on a daily basis 
C)  Public activism in the civil rights and anti-war movements 
D)  The blowout of an oil well in the Santa Barbara Channel 
E)  All of these had an influence on the rise of the modern environmental movement 
A)  Rachel Carson's Silent Spring 
B)  Improved technology (live satellite feeds) that enabled television stations to get visual footage on the news on a daily basis 
C)  Public activism in the civil rights and anti-war movements 
D)  The blowout of an oil well in the Santa Barbara Channel 
E)  All of these had an influence on the rise of the modern environmental movement

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a focus of environmental governance?

Accepted Answer

A)  How we value ecosystems 
B)  How we negotiate trade-offs between conflicting uses or values 
C)  How we form environmental policies 
D)  How we charge those responsible for violating environmental laws 
E)  How we make sure the costs and benefits of our decisions are equitably shared 
A)  How we value ecosystems 
B)  How we negotiate trade-offs between conflicting uses or values 
C)  How we form environmental policies 
D)  How we charge those responsible for violating environmental laws 
E)  How we make sure the costs and benefits of our decisions are equitably shared

Question 19

Much of the U.S. federal regulatory structure set up in the 1970's to protect the environment has been enforced by subsequent presidents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A president's decision to require sport utility vehicles to meet the same emission standards as passenger cars would illustrate

Accepted Answer

A)  administrative law. 
B)  statute law. 
C)  case law. 
A)  administrative law. 
B)  statute law. 
C)  case law.

Exam 24: Environmental Policy, Law, and Planning

Environmental groups have used ______________ as an effective tool in making nations more compliant with environmental regulations.

Which of the following represents the formal intentions of the legislature?

A precedent is important in ____________ law because _________________.

One of NEPA's major failures is that it does not require federal agencies to evaluate environmental consequences in their decision-making process.

The case of the Alaskan fishermen winning damages against Exxon Oil company is an example of a _____ law case.

Authorizing amendments that have no relation to the appropriation bills they are attached to are called

Groups and individuals can attempt to persuade legislators to vote in a certain way via lobbying.

K-Street Lobbyists typically try to influence policy development by maximizing objective public evaluation of their ideas.

Why is lobbying so important?

After a problem is identified, the next step in the policy cycle is to

You bought insurance and your agent hands you a policy. This is an example of a(n) _____ type of policy.

Civil law is to _______________ as criminal law is to crimes against the state or society.

Rather than directly suing a company for damages, it can be more effective to sue

There were quite a few environmental laws that were passed in the 1970s. Why is it important for people living in the twenty-first century to be familiar with these and other more recent environmental laws? In your discussion, discuss at least four specific examples.

Which environmental law created a giant fund to remediate abandoned toxic waste sites?

Which federal agency is responsible for Public Lands and National Parks?

Which of the following events did NOT have an influence on the rise of the modern environmental movement?

Which of the following is NOT a focus of environmental governance?

Much of the U.S. federal regulatory structure set up in the 1970's to protect the environment has been enforced by subsequent presidents.

A president's decision to require sport utility vehicles to meet the same emission standards as passenger cars would illustrate

Understanding Our Environment

Principles of Science and Systems

Matter, Energy, and Life

Evolution, Biological Communities, and Species Interactions

Biomes: Global Patterns of Life

Population Biology

Human Populations

Environmental Health and Toxicology

Food and Hunger

Farming: Conventional and Sustainable Practices

Biodiversity: Preserving Species

Biodiversity: Preserving Landscapes

Restoration Ecology

Geology and Earth Resources

Climate Change

Air Pollution

Water Use and Management

Water Pollution

Conventional Energy

Sustainable Energy

Solid, Toxic, and Hazardous Waste

Urbanization and Sustainable Cities

Ecological Economics

What Then Shall We Do

Filters

A precedent is important in law because _____.