Question 1

Which of the following pathways has the capacity to produce NADPH and ribose?

Accepted Answer

A)  the glycolytic pathway 
B)  the citric acid cycle 
C)  the Krebs cycle 
D)  the pentose phosphate pathway 
A)  the glycolytic pathway 
B)  the citric acid cycle 
C)  the Krebs cycle 
D)  the pentose phosphate pathway

Question 2

Other than urea, what is the product of the final step of the urea cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  arginine 
B)  carbamoyl phosphate 
C)  citrulline 
D)  ornithine 
A)  arginine 
B)  carbamoyl phosphate 
C)  citrulline 
D)  ornithine

Question 3

How many high-energy phosphate bonds are cleaved during the activation of the β-oxidation of fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  0 
B)  1 
C)  2 
D)  3 
A)  0 
B)  1 
C)  2 
D)  3

Question 4

Which of the following chemical solutions must be provided intravenously to combat acidosis during cardiac arrest?

Accepted Answer

A)  5% carbonate solution 
B)  8.4% bicarbonate solution 
C)  10.5% acetate solution 
D)  4% chloride solution 
A)  5% carbonate solution 
B)  8.4% bicarbonate solution 
C)  10.5% acetate solution 
D)  4% chloride solution

Question 5

What is the effect of the accumulation of phenylpyruvate in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  It prevents the conversion of pyruvate into acetyl CoA. 
B)  It prevents the entry of acetyl CoA into the common catabolic pathway. 
C)  It prevents the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate into pyruvate. 
D)  It increases the storage of acetyl CoA in the liver. 
A)  It prevents the conversion of pyruvate into acetyl CoA. 
B)  It prevents the entry of acetyl CoA into the common catabolic pathway. 
C)  It prevents the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate into pyruvate. 
D)  It increases the storage of acetyl CoA in the liver.

Question 6

Which of the following assists the breakdown of di- and polysaccharides into monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

A)  enzymes 
B)  stomach acid 
C)  both enzymes and stomach acid 
D)  neither enzymes nor stomach acid 
A)  enzymes 
B)  stomach acid 
C)  both enzymes and stomach acid 
D)  neither enzymes nor stomach acid

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true of phenylketonuria?

Accepted Answer

A)  It involves the accumulation of phenylalanine in the body. 
B)  It involves the conversion of phenylalanine to phenylpyruvate. 
C)  It involves the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine. 
D)  None of these are correct. 
A)  It involves the accumulation of phenylalanine in the body. 
B)  It involves the conversion of phenylalanine to phenylpyruvate. 
C)  It involves the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine. 
D)  None of these are correct.

Question 8

What is the role of α-ketoglutarate in both transamination and oxidative deamination?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a common product of both transamination and oxidative deamination. 
B)  It is a common reactant in both transamination and oxidative deamination. 
C)  It is a reactant in oxidative deamination and a product in transamination. 
D)  It is a reactant in transamination and a product in oxidative deamination. 
A)  It is a common product of both transamination and oxidative deamination. 
B)  It is a common reactant in both transamination and oxidative deamination. 
C)  It is a reactant in oxidative deamination and a product in transamination. 
D)  It is a reactant in transamination and a product in oxidative deamination.

Question 9

Identify the reactants of an oxidative deamination reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)  α-ketoglutarate, NAD+, and H2O 
B)  α-ketoglutarate, NADH, and H+ 
C)  glutamate, NAD+, and H2O 
D)  glutamate, NADH, and H+ 
A)  α-ketoglutarate, NAD+, and H2O 
B)  α-ketoglutarate, NADH, and H+ 
C)  glutamate, NAD+, and H2O 
D)  glutamate, NADH, and H+

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true of pyruvate kinase?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is activated by AMP. 
B)  It plays a key regulatory role in glycolysis. 
C)  Both of these are true. 
D)  Neither of these is true. 
A)  It is activated by AMP. 
B)  It plays a key regulatory role in glycolysis. 
C)  Both of these are true. 
D)  Neither of these is true.

Question 11

Which of the following compounds diffuses out of the mitochondria into the cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

A)  argininosuccinate 
B)  carbamoyl phosphate 
C)  citrulline 
D)  ornithine 
A)  argininosuccinate 
B)  carbamoyl phosphate 
C)  citrulline 
D)  ornithine

Question 12

In which form do the carbon skeletons of amino acids enter the common catabolic pathway?

Accepted Answer

A)  as the side chain of amino acids 
B)  as proteins 
C)  as α-ketoacids 
D)  as glycerol 
A)  as the side chain of amino acids 
B)  as proteins 
C)  as α-ketoacids 
D)  as glycerol

Question 13

Which of the following chemicals causes most of the damage in fetal alcohol syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  acetaldehyde 
B)  acetic acid 
C)  acetone 
D)  ethanol 
A)  acetaldehyde 
B)  acetic acid 
C)  acetone 
D)  ethanol

Question 14

Which of the following digestive enzymes is found in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

A)  carboxypeptidase 
B)  chymotrypsin 
C)  pepsin 
D)  trypsin 
A)  carboxypeptidase 
B)  chymotrypsin 
C)  pepsin 
D)  trypsin

Question 15

Which of the following is a ketogenic amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  alanine 
B)  leucine 
C)  serine 
D)  threonine 
A)  alanine 
B)  leucine 
C)  serine 
D)  threonine

Question 16

Why must carbohydrates, fats, and proteins be broken down into small molecules during digestion?

Accepted Answer

A)  to facilitate their absorption by the walls of the stomach 
B)  to facilitate their absorption by the walls of the intestines 
C)  to facilitate their proper excretion 
D)  to facilitate the removal of contaminants 
A)  to facilitate their absorption by the walls of the stomach 
B)  to facilitate their absorption by the walls of the intestines 
C)  to facilitate their proper excretion 
D)  to facilitate the removal of contaminants

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true of anaerobic reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are all redox reactions. 
B)  They are all oxidation reactions. 
C)  They occur in the presence of oxygen. 
D)  They occur in the absence of oxygen. 
A)  They are all redox reactions. 
B)  They are all oxidation reactions. 
C)  They occur in the presence of oxygen. 
D)  They occur in the absence of oxygen.

Question 18

Which of the following carbohydrates cannot enter the glycolytic pathway?

Accepted Answer

A)  fructose 
B)  galactose 
C)  glycogen 
D)  none of these 
A)  fructose 
B)  galactose 
C)  glycogen 
D)  none of these

Question 19

What is the role of the enzyme enoyl-CoA hydratase in the β-oxidation of saturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  It adds a hydroxyl group on the α-carbon of the fatty acid. 
B)  It adds a hydroxyl group on the β-carbon of the fatty acid. 
C)  It adds hydroxyl groups on both the α- and β-carbons of the fatty acid. 
D)  It adds hydrogen atoms on both the α- and β-carbons of the fatty acid. 
A)  It adds a hydroxyl group on the α-carbon of the fatty acid. 
B)  It adds a hydroxyl group on the β-carbon of the fatty acid. 
C)  It adds hydroxyl groups on both the α- and β-carbons of the fatty acid. 
D)  It adds hydrogen atoms on both the α- and β-carbons of the fatty acid.

Question 20

Which of the following compounds is the catabolized product of glucogenic amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  oxaloacetate 
B)  acetyl CoA 
C)  acetoacetyl CoA 
D)  pyruvate 
A)  oxaloacetate 
B)  acetyl CoA 
C)  acetoacetyl CoA 
D)  pyruvate

Exam 27: Specific Catabolic Pathways: Carbohydrate, Lipid, and Protein Metabolism

Which of the following pathways has the capacity to produce NADPH and ribose?

Other than urea, what is the product of the final step of the urea cycle?

How many high-energy phosphate bonds are cleaved during the activation of the β-oxidation of fatty acids?

Which of the following chemical solutions must be provided intravenously to combat acidosis during cardiac arrest?

What is the effect of the accumulation of phenylpyruvate in the body?

Which of the following assists the breakdown of di- and polysaccharides into monosaccharides?

Which of the following statements is true of phenylketonuria?

What is the role of α-ketoglutarate in both transamination and oxidative deamination?

Identify the reactants of an oxidative deamination reaction.

Which of the following statements is true of pyruvate kinase?

Which of the following compounds diffuses out of the mitochondria into the cytoplasm?

In which form do the carbon skeletons of amino acids enter the common catabolic pathway?

Which of the following chemicals causes most of the damage in fetal alcohol syndrome?

Which of the following digestive enzymes is found in the stomach?

Which of the following is a ketogenic amino acid?

Why must carbohydrates, fats, and proteins be broken down into small molecules during digestion?

Which of the following statements is true of anaerobic reactions?

Which of the following carbohydrates cannot enter the glycolytic pathway?

What is the role of the enzyme enoyl-CoA hydratase in the β-oxidation of saturated fatty acids?

Which of the following compounds is the catabolized product of glucogenic amino acids?

Matter, Energy, and Measurement

Atoms

Chemical Bonds

Chemical Reactions

Gases, Liquids, and Solids

Solutions and Colloids

Reaction Rates and Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Nuclear Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Alkanes

Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds

Alcohols, Ethers, and Thiols

Chirality: the Handedness of Molecules

Amines

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids

Carboxylic Anhydrides, Esters, and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Enzymes

Chemical Communications: Neurotransmitters and Hormones

Nucleotides, Nucleic Acids, and Heredity

Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis

Bioenergetics: How the Body Converts Food to Energy

Biosynthetic Pathways

Nutrition

Immunochemistry

Body Fluids

Filters