Exam 6: Assessing Policy Alternatives

The population of the United States was about ______ million in 2016.

With the scarcity of government resources in the past several years, the evaluative criterion of _____ has become more and more important.

The U.S. federal ______ tax is the lowest among the world's industrialized nations.

______ refers to the policy analysis method that assesses the potential for harm that might result (to people or to the environment) if potential hazards should occur.

The debate over ______, discussed in the beginning of Chapter 6, involved policy proposals that utilized many of the instruments of public policy as well as most of the evaluative criteria.

______ describes what governments or other organizations do to deal with risks, such as adopting public policies to regulate them.

______ focuses on analyzing policy results and outcomes.

The evaluative criterion of ______ is concerned with the likely outcomes of the policy relative to the cost to implement it.

A(n) ______ is often used in the environmental policy arena to estimate the harm that might be incurred or the chance of a possible effects of a particular policy proposal.

______ can be defined as a procedure for producing factual information about future states of society on the basis of prior information about policy problems.

A difficult and relatively infrequent type of policy analysis that systematically examines conflicts and concerns about policy alternatives from the standpoint of values and rights is referred to as ______.

A college student could be working as a waiter and earning US$20,000 annually. However, he is attending college and forgoing that income. This is an example of the _____ to attend college, a cost that the student hopes will be worth the investment in the long run.

Which government office is in charge of monitoring how other agencies conduct cost-benefit analyses?

Which are the three most commonly utilized criteria for evaluating policy proposals? Define each of these three criteria and give an example of a policy proposal (real or fictitious) in which it could be used.

______ is an economic method of policy analysis that studies the investment needed to enact a policy relative to the expected monetary benefits (in terms of savings or revenues it generates).

The use of ______ can minimize to some extent the weaknesses inherent in cost-benefit analysis.

When determining how to respond to rising energy costs, policy makers assessed the likely environmental, health, and safety impacts of energy exploration, development, and use. This is an example of ______.

______ is a tool used by policy analysts to estimate the frequencies of certain conditions in the future based on historical data.

The advantage of ______ is that it requires no measurements of the value of intangible benefits such as human lives.

This decision-making tool studies the expected outcomes of a policy proposal while also calculating the expected financial impact.