Question 1

Overgrowth of bacteria in the large intestine and sensitivity to certain foods and _____ appear to be parts of the problem in IBS.​

Accepted Answer

A) ​heartburn 
B) ulcers 
C) stress 
D) medications 
E) ​lack of physical activity 
A) ​heartburn 
B) ulcers 
C) stress 
D) medications 
E) ​lack of physical activity C

Question 2

There is evidence that you can improve your health by periodically "cleansing" or "detoxifying" the colon.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Which beverage(s)may worsen the symptoms of heartburn?​

Accepted Answer

A) ​tea only 
B) alcohol only 
C) coffee only 
D) tea and coffee 
E) ​alcohol and coffee 
A) ​tea only 
B) alcohol only 
C) coffee only 
D) tea and coffee 
E) ​alcohol and coffee E

Question 4

The detection of _____ substances can lead to mechanisms that promote the development of diarrhea that will flush potential toxins out of the body.​

Accepted Answer

A) ​umami 
B) bitter 
C) sour 
D) sweet 
E) ​salty 
A) ​umami 
B) bitter 
C) sour 
D) sweet 
E) ​salty

Question 5

Alcohol consumed with meals is absorbed in the _____.​

Accepted Answer

A) ​small intestine only 
B) liver and stomach 
C) stomach only 
D) large intestine only 
E) ​small intestine and stomach 
A) ​small intestine only 
B) liver and stomach 
C) stomach only 
D) large intestine only 
E) ​small intestine and stomach

Question 6

Match each term with the appropriate definition.​
-​tongue

Accepted Answer

A) mechanical and chemical processes whereby ingested food is converted into substances that can be absorbed by the intestinal tract and utilized by the body 
B) process by which nutrients and other substances are transferred from the digestive system into body fluids for transport throughout the body 
C) simple sugars consisting of one sugar molecule 
D) protein substances that speed up chemical reactions 
E) complex carbohydrates made up of complex chains of glucose molecules
F)simple sugars consisting of two sugar molecules
G)yellowish-brown or green fluid produced by the liver
H)network of vessels that absorb some of the products of digestion and transport them to the heart,where they are mixed with the substances contained in blood
I)the heart,arteries,capillaries,and veins responsible for circulating blood throughout the body
J)condition that results when acidic stomach contents are released into the esophagus
K)swelling of veins in the anus or rectum
L)disorder of bowel function characterized by chronic or episodic gas; abdominal pain; diarrhea,constipation,or both.
M)recognized as the fifth basic taste
N)live bacteria that are taken orally to restore beneficial bacteria to the gastrointestinal tract
O)presence of three or more liquid stools in a 24-hour period
P)presence of excess gas in the stomach and intestines
Q)microscopic organisms including bacteria and fungi 
R)open sores in the lining of the duodenum or the stomach
S)reactions of the body to the presence of infectious agents,toxins,or irritants 
A) mechanical and chemical processes whereby ingested food is converted into substances that can be absorbed by the intestinal tract and utilized by the body 
B) process by which nutrients and other substances are transferred from the digestive system into body fluids for transport throughout the body 
C) simple sugars consisting of one sugar molecule 
D) protein substances that speed up chemical reactions 
E) complex carbohydrates made up of complex chains of glucose molecules
F)simple sugars consisting of two sugar molecules
G)yellowish-brown or green fluid produced by the liver
H)network of vessels that absorb some of the products of digestion and transport them to the heart,where they are mixed with the substances contained in blood
I)the heart,arteries,capillaries,and veins responsible for circulating blood throughout the body
J)condition that results when acidic stomach contents are released into the esophagus
K)swelling of veins in the anus or rectum
L)disorder of bowel function characterized by chronic or episodic gas; abdominal pain; diarrhea,constipation,or both.
M)recognized as the fifth basic taste
N)live bacteria that are taken orally to restore beneficial bacteria to the gastrointestinal tract
O)presence of three or more liquid stools in a 24-hour period
P)presence of excess gas in the stomach and intestines
Q)microscopic organisms including bacteria and fungi 
R)open sores in the lining of the duodenum or the stomach
S)reactions of the body to the presence of infectious agents,toxins,or irritants

Question 7

Lipase _____.​

Accepted Answer

A) ​breaks down starch into disaccharides 
B) splits short-chain amino acids into smaller molecules 
C) breaks down fats into fragments of fatty acids and glycerol 
D) separates disaccharides into monosaccharides 
E) ​separates protein into shorter chains of amino acids 
A) ​breaks down starch into disaccharides 
B) splits short-chain amino acids into smaller molecules 
C) breaks down fats into fragments of fatty acids and glycerol 
D) separates disaccharides into monosaccharides 
E) ​separates protein into shorter chains of amino acids

Question 8

Match each term with the appropriate definition.​
-​flatulence

Accepted Answer

A) mechanical and chemical processes whereby ingested food is converted into substances that can be absorbed by the intestinal tract and utilized by the body 
B) process by which nutrients and other substances are transferred from the digestive system into body fluids for transport throughout the body 
C) simple sugars consisting of one sugar molecule 
D) protein substances that speed up chemical reactions 
E) complex carbohydrates made up of complex chains of glucose molecules
F)simple sugars consisting of two sugar molecules
G)yellowish-brown or green fluid produced by the liver
H)network of vessels that absorb some of the products of digestion and transport them to the heart,where they are mixed with the substances contained in blood
I)the heart,arteries,capillaries,and veins responsible for circulating blood throughout the body
J)condition that results when acidic stomach contents are released into the esophagus
K)swelling of veins in the anus or rectum
L)disorder of bowel function characterized by chronic or episodic gas; abdominal pain; diarrhea,constipation,or both.
M)recognized as the fifth basic taste
N)live bacteria that are taken orally to restore beneficial bacteria to the gastrointestinal tract
O)presence of three or more liquid stools in a 24-hour period
P)presence of excess gas in the stomach and intestines
Q)microscopic organisms including bacteria and fungi 
R)open sores in the lining of the duodenum or the stomach
S)reactions of the body to the presence of infectious agents,toxins,or irritants 
A) mechanical and chemical processes whereby ingested food is converted into substances that can be absorbed by the intestinal tract and utilized by the body 
B) process by which nutrients and other substances are transferred from the digestive system into body fluids for transport throughout the body 
C) simple sugars consisting of one sugar molecule 
D) protein substances that speed up chemical reactions 
E) complex carbohydrates made up of complex chains of glucose molecules
F)simple sugars consisting of two sugar molecules
G)yellowish-brown or green fluid produced by the liver
H)network of vessels that absorb some of the products of digestion and transport them to the heart,where they are mixed with the substances contained in blood
I)the heart,arteries,capillaries,and veins responsible for circulating blood throughout the body
J)condition that results when acidic stomach contents are released into the esophagus
K)swelling of veins in the anus or rectum
L)disorder of bowel function characterized by chronic or episodic gas; abdominal pain; diarrhea,constipation,or both.
M)recognized as the fifth basic taste
N)live bacteria that are taken orally to restore beneficial bacteria to the gastrointestinal tract
O)presence of three or more liquid stools in a 24-hour period
P)presence of excess gas in the stomach and intestines
Q)microscopic organisms including bacteria and fungi 
R)open sores in the lining of the duodenum or the stomach
S)reactions of the body to the presence of infectious agents,toxins,or irritants

Question 9

​Which enzyme separates the disaccharide sucrose in the monosaccharides glucose and fructose?

Accepted Answer

A) ​sucrase 
B) lipase 
C) amylase 
D) lactase 
E) ​maltase 
A) ​sucrase 
B) lipase 
C) amylase 
D) lactase 
E) ​maltase

Question 10

The amount of salivary amylase produced by individuals _____.​

Accepted Answer

A) ​is the same for everyone 
B) varies based on level of hunger 
C) varies based on genetic traits 
D) decreases with age 
E) ​increases with age 
A) ​is the same for everyone 
B) varies based on level of hunger 
C) varies based on genetic traits 
D) decreases with age 
E) ​increases with age

Question 11

IBS has been found to be associated with the development of serious diseases.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Fingerlike projections called _____ line the inside of the intestinal wall and increase its surface area.​

Accepted Answer

A) ​branches 
B) villi 
C) dendrites 
D) papillae 
E) ​fringe 
A) ​branches 
B) villi 
C) dendrites 
D) papillae 
E) ​fringe

Question 13

Match each term with the appropriate definition.​
-​heartburn

Accepted Answer

A) mechanical and chemical processes whereby ingested food is converted into substances that can be absorbed by the intestinal tract and utilized by the body 
B) process by which nutrients and other substances are transferred from the digestive system into body fluids for transport throughout the body 
C) simple sugars consisting of one sugar molecule 
D) protein substances that speed up chemical reactions 
E) complex carbohydrates made up of complex chains of glucose molecules
F)simple sugars consisting of two sugar molecules
G)yellowish-brown or green fluid produced by the liver
H)network of vessels that absorb some of the products of digestion and transport them to the heart,where they are mixed with the substances contained in blood
I)the heart,arteries,capillaries,and veins responsible for circulating blood throughout the body
J)condition that results when acidic stomach contents are released into the esophagus
K)swelling of veins in the anus or rectum
L)disorder of bowel function characterized by chronic or episodic gas; abdominal pain; diarrhea,constipation,or both.
M)recognized as the fifth basic taste
N)live bacteria that are taken orally to restore beneficial bacteria to the gastrointestinal tract
O)presence of three or more liquid stools in a 24-hour period
P)presence of excess gas in the stomach and intestines
Q)microscopic organisms including bacteria and fungi 
R)open sores in the lining of the duodenum or the stomach
S)reactions of the body to the presence of infectious agents,toxins,or irritants 
A) mechanical and chemical processes whereby ingested food is converted into substances that can be absorbed by the intestinal tract and utilized by the body 
B) process by which nutrients and other substances are transferred from the digestive system into body fluids for transport throughout the body 
C) simple sugars consisting of one sugar molecule 
D) protein substances that speed up chemical reactions 
E) complex carbohydrates made up of complex chains of glucose molecules
F)simple sugars consisting of two sugar molecules
G)yellowish-brown or green fluid produced by the liver
H)network of vessels that absorb some of the products of digestion and transport them to the heart,where they are mixed with the substances contained in blood
I)the heart,arteries,capillaries,and veins responsible for circulating blood throughout the body
J)condition that results when acidic stomach contents are released into the esophagus
K)swelling of veins in the anus or rectum
L)disorder of bowel function characterized by chronic or episodic gas; abdominal pain; diarrhea,constipation,or both.
M)recognized as the fifth basic taste
N)live bacteria that are taken orally to restore beneficial bacteria to the gastrointestinal tract
O)presence of three or more liquid stools in a 24-hour period
P)presence of excess gas in the stomach and intestines
Q)microscopic organisms including bacteria and fungi 
R)open sores in the lining of the duodenum or the stomach
S)reactions of the body to the presence of infectious agents,toxins,or irritants

Question 14

Discuss the specific functions of microorganisms in the gut.​

Accepted Answer

Microorganisms:
● consume and break down

Question 15

Pepsin is produced by the _____.​

Accepted Answer

A) ​mouth 
B) stomach 
C) small intestine 
D) large intestine 
E) ​gallbladder 
A) ​mouth 
B) stomach 
C) small intestine 
D) large intestine 
E) ​gallbladder

Question 16

The broken-down products of protein digestion are largely absorbed into the lymph vessels.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Match each term with the appropriate definition.​
-​circulatory system

Accepted Answer

A) mechanical and chemical processes whereby ingested food is converted into substances that can be absorbed by the intestinal tract and utilized by the body 
B) process by which nutrients and other substances are transferred from the digestive system into body fluids for transport throughout the body 
C) simple sugars consisting of one sugar molecule 
D) protein substances that speed up chemical reactions 
E) complex carbohydrates made up of complex chains of glucose molecules
F)simple sugars consisting of two sugar molecules
G)yellowish-brown or green fluid produced by the liver
H)network of vessels that absorb some of the products of digestion and transport them to the heart,where they are mixed with the substances contained in blood
I)the heart,arteries,capillaries,and veins responsible for circulating blood throughout the body
J)condition that results when acidic stomach contents are released into the esophagus
K)swelling of veins in the anus or rectum
L)disorder of bowel function characterized by chronic or episodic gas; abdominal pain; diarrhea,constipation,or both.
M)recognized as the fifth basic taste
N)live bacteria that are taken orally to restore beneficial bacteria to the gastrointestinal tract
O)presence of three or more liquid stools in a 24-hour period
P)presence of excess gas in the stomach and intestines
Q)microscopic organisms including bacteria and fungi 
R)open sores in the lining of the duodenum or the stomach
S)reactions of the body to the presence of infectious agents,toxins,or irritants 
A) mechanical and chemical processes whereby ingested food is converted into substances that can be absorbed by the intestinal tract and utilized by the body 
B) process by which nutrients and other substances are transferred from the digestive system into body fluids for transport throughout the body 
C) simple sugars consisting of one sugar molecule 
D) protein substances that speed up chemical reactions 
E) complex carbohydrates made up of complex chains of glucose molecules
F)simple sugars consisting of two sugar molecules
G)yellowish-brown or green fluid produced by the liver
H)network of vessels that absorb some of the products of digestion and transport them to the heart,where they are mixed with the substances contained in blood
I)the heart,arteries,capillaries,and veins responsible for circulating blood throughout the body
J)condition that results when acidic stomach contents are released into the esophagus
K)swelling of veins in the anus or rectum
L)disorder of bowel function characterized by chronic or episodic gas; abdominal pain; diarrhea,constipation,or both.
M)recognized as the fifth basic taste
N)live bacteria that are taken orally to restore beneficial bacteria to the gastrointestinal tract
O)presence of three or more liquid stools in a 24-hour period
P)presence of excess gas in the stomach and intestines
Q)microscopic organisms including bacteria and fungi 
R)open sores in the lining of the duodenum or the stomach
S)reactions of the body to the presence of infectious agents,toxins,or irritants

Question 18

It is best to avoid which food during diarrhea?​

Accepted Answer

A) ​milk 
B) yogurt 
C) chicken 
D) rice 
E) ​soft drinks 
A) ​milk 
B) yogurt 
C) chicken 
D) rice 
E) ​soft drinks

Question 19

High-fiber meals pass through the digestive system somewhat slower than low-fiber meals.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Match each term with the appropriate definition.​
-​duodenal and stomach ulcers

Accepted Answer

A) mechanical and chemical processes whereby ingested food is converted into substances that can be absorbed by the intestinal tract and utilized by the body 
B) process by which nutrients and other substances are transferred from the digestive system into body fluids for transport throughout the body 
C) simple sugars consisting of one sugar molecule 
D) protein substances that speed up chemical reactions 
E) complex carbohydrates made up of complex chains of glucose molecules
F)simple sugars consisting of two sugar molecules
G)yellowish-brown or green fluid produced by the liver
H)network of vessels that absorb some of the products of digestion and transport them to the heart,where they are mixed with the substances contained in blood
I)the heart,arteries,capillaries,and veins responsible for circulating blood throughout the body
J)condition that results when acidic stomach contents are released into the esophagus
K)swelling of veins in the anus or rectum
L)disorder of bowel function characterized by chronic or episodic gas; abdominal pain; diarrhea,constipation,or both.
M)recognized as the fifth basic taste
N)live bacteria that are taken orally to restore beneficial bacteria to the gastrointestinal tract
O)presence of three or more liquid stools in a 24-hour period
P)presence of excess gas in the stomach and intestines
Q)microscopic organisms including bacteria and fungi 
R)open sores in the lining of the duodenum or the stomach
S)reactions of the body to the presence of infectious agents,toxins,or irritants 
A) mechanical and chemical processes whereby ingested food is converted into substances that can be absorbed by the intestinal tract and utilized by the body 
B) process by which nutrients and other substances are transferred from the digestive system into body fluids for transport throughout the body 
C) simple sugars consisting of one sugar molecule 
D) protein substances that speed up chemical reactions 
E) complex carbohydrates made up of complex chains of glucose molecules
F)simple sugars consisting of two sugar molecules
G)yellowish-brown or green fluid produced by the liver
H)network of vessels that absorb some of the products of digestion and transport them to the heart,where they are mixed with the substances contained in blood
I)the heart,arteries,capillaries,and veins responsible for circulating blood throughout the body
J)condition that results when acidic stomach contents are released into the esophagus
K)swelling of veins in the anus or rectum
L)disorder of bowel function characterized by chronic or episodic gas; abdominal pain; diarrhea,constipation,or both.
M)recognized as the fifth basic taste
N)live bacteria that are taken orally to restore beneficial bacteria to the gastrointestinal tract
O)presence of three or more liquid stools in a 24-hour period
P)presence of excess gas in the stomach and intestines
Q)microscopic organisms including bacteria and fungi 
R)open sores in the lining of the duodenum or the stomach
S)reactions of the body to the presence of infectious agents,toxins,or irritants

Exam 7: How the Body Uses Food: Digestion and Absorption

Overgrowth of bacteria in the large intestine and sensitivity to certain foods and _____ appear to be parts of the problem in IBS.​

There is evidence that you can improve your health by periodically "cleansing" or "detoxifying" the colon.​

Which beverage(s)may worsen the symptoms of heartburn?​

The detection of _____ substances can lead to mechanisms that promote the development of diarrhea that will flush potential toxins out of the body.​

Alcohol consumed with meals is absorbed in the _____.​

Match each term with the appropriate definition.​ -​tongue

Lipase _____.​

Match each term with the appropriate definition.​ -​flatulence

​Which enzyme separates the disaccharide sucrose in the monosaccharides glucose and fructose?

The amount of salivary amylase produced by individuals _____.​

IBS has been found to be associated with the development of serious diseases.​

Fingerlike projections called _____ line the inside of the intestinal wall and increase its surface area.​

Match each term with the appropriate definition.​ -​heartburn

Discuss the specific functions of microorganisms in the gut.​

Pepsin is produced by the _____.​

The broken-down products of protein digestion are largely absorbed into the lymph vessels.​

Match each term with the appropriate definition.​ -​circulatory system

It is best to avoid which food during diarrhea?​

High-fiber meals pass through the digestive system somewhat slower than low-fiber meals.​

Match each term with the appropriate definition.​ -​duodenal and stomach ulcers

Key Nutrition Concepts and Terms

The Inside Story about Nutrition and Health

Ways of Knowing about Nutrition

Understanding Food and Nutrition Labels

Nutrition, Attitudes, and Behavior

Healthy Diets: the Dietary Guidelines: MyPlate: and More

Calories: Food: Energy: and Energy Balance

Obesity to Underweight: The Highs and Lows of Weight Status

Weight Control: The Myths and Realities

Disordered Eating:Anorexia Nervosa: Bulimia: and Pica

Useful Facts about Sugars: Starches: and Fiber

Diabetes Now

Alcohol: The Positives and Negatives

Proteins and Amino Acids

Vegetarian Diets

Food Allergies and Intolerances

Fats and Cholesterol in Health

Nutrition and Heart Disease

Vitamins and Your Health

Phytochemicals

Diet and Cancer

Good Things to Know About Minerals

Dietary Supplements and Functional Foods

Water Is an Essential Nutrient

Nutrition:Gene Interactions in Health and Disease

Nutrition and Physical Fitness for Everyone

Nutrition and Physical Performance

Good Nutrition for Life: Pregnancy: Breastfeeding: and Intimacy

Nutriton for Growing Years: Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition and Health Maintenance for Adults of All Ages

The Multiple Dimensions of Food Safety

Aspects of Global Nutrition

Filters

Overgrowth of bacteria in the large intestine and sensitivity to certain foods and _____ appear to be parts of the problem in IBS.

There is evidence that you can improve your health by periodically "cleansing" or "detoxifying" the colon.

Which beverage(s)may worsen the symptoms of heartburn?

The detection of _____ substances can lead to mechanisms that promote the development of diarrhea that will flush potential toxins out of the body.

Alcohol consumed with meals is absorbed in the _____.

Match each term with the appropriate definition. -tongue

Lipase _____.

Match each term with the appropriate definition. -flatulence

Which enzyme separates the disaccharide sucrose in the monosaccharides glucose and fructose?

The amount of salivary amylase produced by individuals _____.

IBS has been found to be associated with the development of serious diseases.

Fingerlike projections called _____ line the inside of the intestinal wall and increase its surface area.

Match each term with the appropriate definition. -heartburn

Discuss the specific functions of microorganisms in the gut.

Pepsin is produced by the _____.

The broken-down products of protein digestion are largely absorbed into the lymph vessels.

Match each term with the appropriate definition. -circulatory system

It is best to avoid which food during diarrhea?

High-fiber meals pass through the digestive system somewhat slower than low-fiber meals.

Match each term with the appropriate definition. -duodenal and stomach ulcers