Question 1

Preparation for the fight-or-flight response includes activation of the ________ nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A)  sympathetic 
B)  somatic 
C)  central 
D)  visceral 
E)  parasympathetic 
A)  sympathetic 
B)  somatic 
C)  central 
D)  visceral 
E)  parasympathetic

Question 2

The unconscious control of respiration and circulation are associated with the

Accepted Answer

A)  thalamus. 
B)  cerebellum. 
C)  medulla oblongata. 
D)  corpus callosum. 
E)  cerebrum. 
A)  thalamus. 
B)  cerebellum. 
C)  medulla oblongata. 
D)  corpus callosum. 
E)  cerebrum.

Question 3

Learning a new language during adulthood alters activity in the brain's language processing locations by

Accepted Answer

A)  altering synaptic effectiveness in these locations. 
B)  increasing the rate of mitosis in these locations. 
C)  inhibiting synapses that work in the previously learned language. 
D)  causing established neurons to produce different neurotransmitter molecules. 
E)  forming electrical synapses between cells. 
A)  altering synaptic effectiveness in these locations. 
B)  increasing the rate of mitosis in these locations. 
C)  inhibiting synapses that work in the previously learned language. 
D)  causing established neurons to produce different neurotransmitter molecules. 
E)  forming electrical synapses between cells.

Question 4

Short-term memory information processing usually causes changes in the

Accepted Answer

A)  brainstem. 
B)  medulla. 
C)  hypothalamus. 
D)  hippocampus. 
E)  cranial nerves. 
A)  brainstem. 
B)  medulla. 
C)  hypothalamus. 
D)  hippocampus. 
E)  cranial nerves.

Question 5

Which of the following structures or regions is incorrectly paired with its function?

Accepted Answer

A)  limbic system-motor control of speech 
B)  medulla oblongata-homeostatic control 
C)  cerebellum-coordination of movement and balance 
D)  corpus callosum-communication between the left and right cerebral cortices 
E)  amygdala-emotional memory 
A)  limbic system-motor control of speech 
B)  medulla oblongata-homeostatic control 
C)  cerebellum-coordination of movement and balance 
D)  corpus callosum-communication between the left and right cerebral cortices 
E)  amygdala-emotional memory

Question 6

Imagine you are resting comfortably on a sofa after dinner. This could be described as a state with

Accepted Answer

A)  increased activity in the sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric nervous systems. 
B)  decreased activity in the sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric nervous systems. 
C)  decreased activity in the sympathetic nervous system, and increased activity in the parasympathetic and enteric nervous systems. 
D)  increased activity in the sympathetic nervous system, and decreased activity in the parasympathetic and enteric nervous systems. 
E)  increased activity in the sympathetic nervous system, decreased activity in the parasympathetic nervous system, and increased activity in the enteric nervous system. 
A)  increased activity in the sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric nervous systems. 
B)  decreased activity in the sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric nervous systems. 
C)  decreased activity in the sympathetic nervous system, and increased activity in the parasympathetic and enteric nervous systems. 
D)  increased activity in the sympathetic nervous system, and decreased activity in the parasympathetic and enteric nervous systems. 
E)  increased activity in the sympathetic nervous system, decreased activity in the parasympathetic nervous system, and increased activity in the enteric nervous system.

Question 7

The motor cortex is part of the

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebrum. 
B)  cerebellum. 
C)  spinal cord. 
D)  midbrain. 
E)  medulla oblongata. 
A)  cerebrum. 
B)  cerebellum. 
C)  spinal cord. 
D)  midbrain. 
E)  medulla oblongata.

Question 8

The regulatory centers for the respiratory and circulatory systems are found in the

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebrum. 
B)  cerebellum. 
C)  thalamus. 
D)  hypothalamus. 
E)  medulla oblongata. 
A)  cerebrum. 
B)  cerebellum. 
C)  thalamus. 
D)  hypothalamus. 
E)  medulla oblongata.

Question 9

Forming new long-term memories is strikingly disrupted after damage to the

Accepted Answer

A)  thalamus. 
B)  hypothalamus. 
C)  hippocampus. 
D)  somatosensory cortex. 
E)  primary motor cortex. 
A)  thalamus. 
B)  hypothalamus. 
C)  hippocampus. 
D)  somatosensory cortex. 
E)  primary motor cortex.

Question 10

Central coordination of vertebrate biological rhythms in physiology and behavior reside in the

Accepted Answer

A)  pituitary gland. 
B)  hypothalamus. 
C)  cerebrum. 
D)  cerebellum. 
E)  thalamus. 
A)  pituitary gland. 
B)  hypothalamus. 
C)  cerebrum. 
D)  cerebellum. 
E)  thalamus.

Question 11

Wernicke's and Broca's regions of the brain affect

Accepted Answer

A)  olfaction. 
B)  vision. 
C)  speech. 
D)  memory. 
E)  hearing. 
A)  olfaction. 
B)  vision. 
C)  speech. 
D)  memory. 
E)  hearing.

Question 12

Bipolar disorder is similar to schizophrenia in that researchers suspect that both include trouble with the neurotransmitter

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine. 
B)  acetylcholine. 
C)  norepinephrine. 
D)  nitric oxide. 
E)  ethanol. 
A)  dopamine. 
B)  acetylcholine. 
C)  norepinephrine. 
D)  nitric oxide. 
E)  ethanol.

Question 13

Bottlenose dolphins breathe air but can sleep in the ocean because

Accepted Answer

A)  they cease breathing while sleeping and remain underwater. 
B)  they sleep for only 30 minutes at a time, which is the maximum interval they can cease breathing. 
C)  they fill their swim bladder with air to keep their blowholes above the surface of the water while they sleep. 
D)  they move to shallow water to sleep, so they do not need to swim to keep their blowholes above the surface of the water. 
E)  they alternate which half of their brains is asleep and which half is awake. 
A)  they cease breathing while sleeping and remain underwater. 
B)  they sleep for only 30 minutes at a time, which is the maximum interval they can cease breathing. 
C)  they fill their swim bladder with air to keep their blowholes above the surface of the water while they sleep. 
D)  they move to shallow water to sleep, so they do not need to swim to keep their blowholes above the surface of the water. 
E)  they alternate which half of their brains is asleep and which half is awake.

Question 14

The central nervous system is lacking in animals that have

Accepted Answer

A)  a complete gut. 
B)  bilateral symmetry. 
C)  radial symmetry. 
D)  a closed circulatory system. 
E)  excitable membranes. 
A)  a complete gut. 
B)  bilateral symmetry. 
C)  radial symmetry. 
D)  a closed circulatory system. 
E)  excitable membranes.

Question 15

If you were writing an essay, the part of your brain that would be actively involved in this task is the

Accepted Answer

A)  temporal and frontal lobes. 
B)  parietal lobe. 
C)  Broca's area. 
D)  Wernicke's area. 
E)  occipital lobe. 
A)  temporal and frontal lobes. 
B)  parietal lobe. 
C)  Broca's area. 
D)  Wernicke's area. 
E)  occipital lobe.

Question 16

Refer to the following illustration of the limbic system to help answer the next few questions.
  
-In the figure, which letter points to the amygdala?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 17

Our understanding of mental illness has been most advanced by discoveries involving

Accepted Answer

A)  the degree of convolutions in the brain's surface. 
B)  the evolution of the telencephalon. 
C)  the sequence of developmental specialization. 
D)  the chemicals involved in brain communications. 
E)  the nature of the blood-brain barrier. 
A)  the degree of convolutions in the brain's surface. 
B)  the evolution of the telencephalon. 
C)  the sequence of developmental specialization. 
D)  the chemicals involved in brain communications. 
E)  the nature of the blood-brain barrier.

Question 18

In mammals, advanced cognition is usually correlated with a large and very convoluted neocortex, but birds are capable of sophisticated cognition because they have

Accepted Answer

A)  a more advanced cerebellum. 
B)  a cerebellum with several flat layers. 
C)  a pallium with neurons clustered into nuclei. 
D)  microvilli to increase the brain's surface area. 
A)  a more advanced cerebellum. 
B)  a cerebellum with several flat layers. 
C)  a pallium with neurons clustered into nuclei. 
D)  microvilli to increase the brain's surface area.

Question 19

When Phineas Gage had a metal rod driven into his frontal lobe, or when someone had a frontal lobotomy, they would

Accepted Answer

A)  lose the ability to reason. 
B)  lose all short-term memory. 
C)  have greatly altered emotional responses. 
D)  lose all long-term memory. 
E)  lose their sense of balance. 
A)  lose the ability to reason. 
B)  lose all short-term memory. 
C)  have greatly altered emotional responses. 
D)  lose all long-term memory. 
E)  lose their sense of balance.

Question 20

Wernicke's area

Accepted Answer

A)  is active when speech is heard and comprehended. 
B)  is active during the generation of speech. 
C)  coordinates the response to olfactory sensation. 
D)  is active when you are reading silently. 
E)  is found on the left side of the brain. 
A)  is active when speech is heard and comprehended. 
B)  is active during the generation of speech. 
C)  coordinates the response to olfactory sensation. 
D)  is active when you are reading silently. 
E)  is found on the left side of the brain.

Exam 49: Nervous Systems

Preparation for the fight-or-flight response includes activation of the ________ nervous system.

The unconscious control of respiration and circulation are associated with the

Learning a new language during adulthood alters activity in the brain's language processing locations by

Short-term memory information processing usually causes changes in the

Which of the following structures or regions is incorrectly paired with its function?

Imagine you are resting comfortably on a sofa after dinner. This could be described as a state with

The motor cortex is part of the

The regulatory centers for the respiratory and circulatory systems are found in the

Forming new long-term memories is strikingly disrupted after damage to the

Central coordination of vertebrate biological rhythms in physiology and behavior reside in the

Wernicke's and Broca's regions of the brain affect

Bipolar disorder is similar to schizophrenia in that researchers suspect that both include trouble with the neurotransmitter

Bottlenose dolphins breathe air but can sleep in the ocean because

The central nervous system is lacking in animals that have

If you were writing an essay, the part of your brain that would be actively involved in this task is the

Refer to the following illustration of the limbic system to help answer the next few questions. -In the figure, which letter points to the amygdala?

Our understanding of mental illness has been most advanced by discoveries involving

In mammals, advanced cognition is usually correlated with a large and very convoluted neocortex, but birds are capable of sophisticated cognition because they have

When Phineas Gage had a metal rod driven into his frontal lobe, or when someone had a frontal lobotomy, they would

Wernicke's area

Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

Filters