Question 1

Analysis of a blood sample from a fasting individual who had not eaten for 24 hours would be expected to reveal high levels of

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin. 
B)  glucagon. 
C)  secretin. 
D)  gastrin. 
E)  glucose. 
A)  insulin. 
B)  glucagon. 
C)  secretin. 
D)  gastrin. 
E)  glucose.

Question 2

A product of the anterior pituitary gland that causes color changes in its target cells is

Accepted Answer

A)  FSH. 
B)  LH. 
C)  TSH. 
D)  MSH. 
E)  ACTH. 
A)  FSH. 
B)  LH. 
C)  TSH. 
D)  MSH. 
E)  ACTH.

Question 3

Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone are synthesized in the

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus. 
B)  adenohypophysis. 
C)  anterior pituitary. 
D)  adrenal cortex. 
E)  posterior pituitary. 
A)  hypothalamus. 
B)  adenohypophysis. 
C)  anterior pituitary. 
D)  adrenal cortex. 
E)  posterior pituitary.

Question 4

Which endocrine disorder is correctly matched with the malfunctioning gland?

Accepted Answer

A)  diabetes insipidus and the posterior pituitary gland 
B)  giantism and the posterior pituitary gland 
C)  goiter and the adrenal medulla 
D)  diabetes mellitus and the parathyroid glands 
E)  dwarfism and the adrenal cortex 
A)  diabetes insipidus and the posterior pituitary gland 
B)  giantism and the posterior pituitary gland 
C)  goiter and the adrenal medulla 
D)  diabetes mellitus and the parathyroid glands 
E)  dwarfism and the adrenal cortex

Question 5

Linkage to membrane-bound receptor proteins on target cells activates the typical actions of the

Accepted Answer

A)  androgens. 
B)  glucocorticoids. 
C)  estrogens. 
D)  pancreatic hormones. 
E)  progestins. 
A)  androgens. 
B)  glucocorticoids. 
C)  estrogens. 
D)  pancreatic hormones. 
E)  progestins.

Question 6

Endocrine glands that are sources of steroid hormones

Accepted Answer

A)  secrete the steroids through ducts into the blood. 
B)  store those hormones in membrane-bound vesicles. 
C)  have a very short latency between steroid synthesis and steroid release. 
D)  are all controlled by the autonomic nervous system. 
E)  operate independently of other hormonal cuing systems. 
A)  secrete the steroids through ducts into the blood. 
B)  store those hormones in membrane-bound vesicles. 
C)  have a very short latency between steroid synthesis and steroid release. 
D)  are all controlled by the autonomic nervous system. 
E)  operate independently of other hormonal cuing systems.

Question 7

Hormones that promote homeostasis

Accepted Answer

A)  are not found as members of antagonistic signaling mechanisms. 
B)  travel to target cells without passage in the plasma. 
C)  utilize receptors that bind any hormone. 
D)  initiate signal transduction in the target cell without binding to receptors. 
E)  usually operate as part of a negative feedback system. 
A)  are not found as members of antagonistic signaling mechanisms. 
B)  travel to target cells without passage in the plasma. 
C)  utilize receptors that bind any hormone. 
D)  initiate signal transduction in the target cell without binding to receptors. 
E)  usually operate as part of a negative feedback system.

Question 8

Which of the following has both endocrine and exocrine activity?

Accepted Answer

A)  the pituitary gland 
B)  parathyroid glands 
C)  salivary glands 
D)  the pancreas 
E)  adrenal glands 
A)  the pituitary gland 
B)  parathyroid glands 
C)  salivary glands 
D)  the pancreas 
E)  adrenal glands

Question 9

DES is called an "endocrine disrupting chemical" because it structurally resembles, and interferes with, the endocrine secretions of the

Accepted Answer

A)  pancreatic islet cells. 
B)  thyroid gland. 
C)  adrenal medulla. 
D)  ovaries. 
E)  hypothalamus. 
A)  pancreatic islet cells. 
B)  thyroid gland. 
C)  adrenal medulla. 
D)  ovaries. 
E)  hypothalamus.

Question 10

Different body cells can respond differently to the same peptide hormones because

Accepted Answer

A)  different target cells have different sets of genes. 
B)  each cell converts that hormone to a different metabolite. 
C)  a target cell's response is determined by the components of its signal transduction pathways. 
D)  the circulatory system regulates responses to hormones by routing the hormones to specific targets. 
E)  the hormone is chemically altered in different ways as it travels through the circulatory system. 
A)  different target cells have different sets of genes. 
B)  each cell converts that hormone to a different metabolite. 
C)  a target cell's response is determined by the components of its signal transduction pathways. 
D)  the circulatory system regulates responses to hormones by routing the hormones to specific targets. 
E)  the hormone is chemically altered in different ways as it travels through the circulatory system.

Question 11

To prevent insect pests from maturing into reproducing adults, pest controllers use synthetic agonists of

Accepted Answer

A)  ecdysone. 
B)  juvenile hormone. 
C)  oxytocin. 
D)  brain hormone. 
E)  prothoracic hormone. 
A)  ecdysone. 
B)  juvenile hormone. 
C)  oxytocin. 
D)  brain hormone. 
E)  prothoracic hormone.

Question 12

The higher level of metabolic activity typical of nonhibernating temperate mammals during the winter months is due to increased secretion of

Accepted Answer

A)  ecdysone. 
B)  glucagon. 
C)  thyroxine. 
D)  oxytocin. 
E)  growth hormone. 
A)  ecdysone. 
B)  glucagon. 
C)  thyroxine. 
D)  oxytocin. 
E)  growth hormone.

Exam 45: Hormones and the Endocrine System

Analysis of a blood sample from a fasting individual who had not eaten for 24 hours would be expected to reveal high levels of

A product of the anterior pituitary gland that causes color changes in its target cells is

Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone are synthesized in the

Which endocrine disorder is correctly matched with the malfunctioning gland?

Linkage to membrane-bound receptor proteins on target cells activates the typical actions of the

Endocrine glands that are sources of steroid hormones

Hormones that promote homeostasis

Which of the following has both endocrine and exocrine activity?

DES is called an "endocrine disrupting chemical" because it structurally resembles, and interferes with, the endocrine secretions of the

Different body cells can respond differently to the same peptide hormones because

To prevent insect pests from maturing into reproducing adults, pest controllers use synthetic agonists of

The higher level of metabolic activity typical of nonhibernating temperate mammals during the winter months is due to increased secretion of

Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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