Question 1

Which of the following is released by platelets in the vicinity of an injury?

Accepted Answer

A)  PDGF 
B)  MPF 
C)  protein kinase 
D)  cyclin 
E)  Cdk 
A)  PDGF 
B)  MPF 
C)  protein kinase 
D)  cyclin 
E)  Cdk

Question 2

Which of the following best describes how chromosomes move toward the poles of the spindle during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  The chromosomes are "reeled in" by the contraction of spindle microtubules. 
B)  Motor proteins of the kinetochores move the chromosomes along the spindle microtubules. 
C)  Nonkinetochore spindle fibers serve to push chromosomes in the direction of the poles. 
D)  The chromosomes are "reeled in" by the contraction of spindle microtubules, and motor proteins of the kinetochores move the chromosomes along the spindle microtubules. 
E)  The chromosomes are "reeled in" by the contraction of spindle microtubules, motor proteins of the kinetochores move the chromosomes along the spindle microtubules, and nonkinetochore spindle fibers serve to push chromosomes in the direction of the poles. 
A)  The chromosomes are "reeled in" by the contraction of spindle microtubules. 
B)  Motor proteins of the kinetochores move the chromosomes along the spindle microtubules. 
C)  Nonkinetochore spindle fibers serve to push chromosomes in the direction of the poles. 
D)  The chromosomes are "reeled in" by the contraction of spindle microtubules, and motor proteins of the kinetochores move the chromosomes along the spindle microtubules. 
E)  The chromosomes are "reeled in" by the contraction of spindle microtubules, motor proteins of the kinetochores move the chromosomes along the spindle microtubules, and nonkinetochore spindle fibers serve to push chromosomes in the direction of the poles.

Question 3

Taxol is an anticancer drug extracted from the Pacific yew tree. In animal cells, Taxol disrupts microtubule formation by binding to microtubules and accelerating their assembly from the protein precursor, tubulin. Surprisingly, this stops mitosis. Specifically, Taxol must affect

Accepted Answer

A)  the formation of the mitotic spindle. 
B)  anaphase. 
C)  formation of the centrioles. 
D)  chromatid assembly. 
E)  the S phase of the cell cycle. 
A)  the formation of the mitotic spindle. 
B)  anaphase. 
C)  formation of the centrioles. 
D)  chromatid assembly. 
E)  the S phase of the cell cycle.

Question 4

If there are 20 chromatids in a cell, how many centromeres are there?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  30 
D)  40 
E)  80 
A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  30 
D)  40 
E)  80

Question 5

If cells in the process of dividing are subjected to colchicine, a drug that interferes with the formation of the spindle apparatus, at which stage will mitosis be arrested?

Accepted Answer

A)  anaphase 
B)  prophase 
C)  telophase 
D)  metaphase 
E)  interphase 
A)  anaphase 
B)  prophase 
C)  telophase 
D)  metaphase 
E)  interphase

Question 6

Through a microscope, you can see a cell plate beginning to develop across the middle of a cell and nuclei forming on either side of the cell plate. This cell is most likely

Accepted Answer

A)  an animal cell in the process of cytokinesis. 
B)  a plant cell in the process of cytokinesis. 
C)  an animal cell in the S phase of the cell cycle. 
D)  a bacterial cell dividing. 
E)  a plant cell in metaphase. 
A)  an animal cell in the process of cytokinesis. 
B)  a plant cell in the process of cytokinesis. 
C)  an animal cell in the S phase of the cell cycle. 
D)  a bacterial cell dividing. 
E)  a plant cell in metaphase.

Question 7

The centromere is a region in which

Accepted Answer

A)  chromatids remain attached to one another until anaphase. 
B)  metaphase chromosomes become aligned at the metaphase plate. 
C)  chromosomes are grouped during telophase. 
D)  the nucleus is located prior to mitosis. 
E)  new spindle microtubules form at either end. 
A)  chromatids remain attached to one another until anaphase. 
B)  metaphase chromosomes become aligned at the metaphase plate. 
C)  chromosomes are grouped during telophase. 
D)  the nucleus is located prior to mitosis. 
E)  new spindle microtubules form at either end.

Question 8

Which of the following are primarily responsible for cytokinesis in plant cells but not in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  kinetochores 
B)  Golgi-derived vesicles 
C)  actin and myosin 
D)  centrioles and centromeres 
E)  cyclin-dependent kinases 
A)  kinetochores 
B)  Golgi-derived vesicles 
C)  actin and myosin 
D)  centrioles and centromeres 
E)  cyclin-dependent kinases

Question 9

If there are 20 centromeres in a cell at anaphase, how many chromosomes are there in each daughter cell following cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  30 
D)  40 
E)  80 
A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  30 
D)  40 
E)  80

Question 10

At which phase are centrioles beginning to move apart in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  telophase 
B)  anaphase 
C)  prometaphase 
D)  metaphase 
E)  prophase 
A)  telophase 
B)  anaphase 
C)  prometaphase 
D)  metaphase 
E)  prophase

Question 11

The following questions are based on Figure 12.3.
   
Figure 12.3
-G₁ is represented by which numbered part(s)of the cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  I or V 
B)  II or IV 
C)  III only 
D)  IV only 
E)  V only 
A)  I or V 
B)  II or IV 
C)  III only 
D)  IV only 
E)  V only

Question 12

During which phase of mitosis do the chromatids become chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  telophase 
B)  anaphase 
C)  prophase 
D)  metaphase 
E)  cytokinesis 
A)  telophase 
B)  anaphase 
C)  prophase 
D)  metaphase 
E)  cytokinesis

Question 13

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
The research team established similar lymphocyte cultures from a number of human donors, including healthy teenagers of both genders, patients already suffering from long-term bacterial infections, and elderly volunteers. They found that the increase in lymphocyte incorporation after pathogen introduction was slightly lower in some of the female teenagers and significantly lower in each of the elderly persons. They repeated the study with a larger number of samples but got the same results.
-Which of the following investigations might be most productive to show what the data on the teenagers might indicate?

Accepted Answer

A)  test male teenagers 
B)  test teenagers who say they are not sexually active 
C)  test female teens at different times in their menstrual cycles 
D)  test relatives of the teens previously tested 
E)  test teenagers from different school systems 
A)  test male teenagers 
B)  test teenagers who say they are not sexually active 
C)  test female teens at different times in their menstrual cycles 
D)  test relatives of the teens previously tested 
E)  test teenagers from different school systems

Question 14

After which checkpoint is the cell first committed to continue the cell cycle through M?

Accepted Answer

A)  G₀ 
B)  G₁ 
C)  G₂ 
D)  S 
E)  previous M 
A)  G₀ 
B)  G₁ 
C)  G₂ 
D)  S 
E)  previous M

Question 15

In the cells of some organisms, mitosis occurs without cytokinesis. This will result in

Accepted Answer

A)  cells with more than one nucleus. 
B)  cells that are unusually small. 
C)  cells lacking nuclei. 
D)  destruction of chromosomes. 
E)  cell cycles lacking an S phase. 
A)  cells with more than one nucleus. 
B)  cells that are unusually small. 
C)  cells lacking nuclei. 
D)  destruction of chromosomes. 
E)  cell cycles lacking an S phase.

Question 16

The decline of MPF activity at the end of mitosis is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  the destruction of the protein kinase Cdk. 
B)  decreased synthesis of Cdk. 
C)  the degradation of cyclin. 
D)  the accumulation of cyclin. 
E)  synthesis of DNA. 
A)  the destruction of the protein kinase Cdk. 
B)  decreased synthesis of Cdk. 
C)  the degradation of cyclin. 
D)  the accumulation of cyclin. 
E)  synthesis of DNA.

Question 17

A particular cell has half as much DNA as some other cells in a mitotically active tissue. The cell in question is most likely in

Accepted Answer

A)  G₁. 
B)  G₂. 
C)  prophase. 
D)  metaphase. 
E)  anaphase. 
A)  G₁. 
B)  G₂. 
C)  prophase. 
D)  metaphase. 
E)  anaphase.

Question 18

Which of the following is (are)required for motor proteins to function in the movement of chromosomes toward the poles of the mitotic spindle?

Accepted Answer

A)  intact centromeres 
B)  an MTOC (microtubule organizing center) 
C)  a kinetochore attached to the metaphase plate 
D)  ATP as an energy source 
E)  synthesis of cohesin 
A)  intact centromeres 
B)  an MTOC (microtubule organizing center) 
C)  a kinetochore attached to the metaphase plate 
D)  ATP as an energy source 
E)  synthesis of cohesin

Question 19

You have a series of cells, all of which were derived from tumors, and you first need to find out which ones are malignant. What could you do?

Accepted Answer

A)  See which ones are not overproliferating. 
B)  Find out which ones have a higher rate of apoptosis. 
C)  Karyotype samples to look for unusual size and number of chromosomes. 
D)  Measure metastasis. 
E)  Time their cell cycles. 
A)  See which ones are not overproliferating. 
B)  Find out which ones have a higher rate of apoptosis. 
C)  Karyotype samples to look for unusual size and number of chromosomes. 
D)  Measure metastasis. 
E)  Time their cell cycles.

Question 20

The following information applies to the questions below.
Several organisms, primarily protists, have what are called intermediate mitotic organization.
-These protists are intermediate in what sense?

Accepted Answer

A)  They reproduce by binary fission in their early stages of development and by mitosis when they are mature. 
B)  They never coil up their chromosomes when they are dividing. 
C)  They use mitotic division but only have circular chromosomes. 
D)  They maintain a nuclear envelope during division. 
E)  None of them form spindles. 
A)  They reproduce by binary fission in their early stages of development and by mitosis when they are mature. 
B)  They never coil up their chromosomes when they are dividing. 
C)  They use mitotic division but only have circular chromosomes. 
D)  They maintain a nuclear envelope during division. 
E)  None of them form spindles.

Exam 12: The Cell Cycle

Which of the following is released by platelets in the vicinity of an injury?

Which of the following best describes how chromosomes move toward the poles of the spindle during mitosis?

Taxol is an anticancer drug extracted from the Pacific yew tree. In animal cells, Taxol disrupts microtubule formation by binding to microtubules and accelerating their assembly from the protein precursor, tubulin. Surprisingly, this stops mitosis. Specifically, Taxol must affect

If there are 20 chromatids in a cell, how many centromeres are there?

If cells in the process of dividing are subjected to colchicine, a drug that interferes with the formation of the spindle apparatus, at which stage will mitosis be arrested?

Through a microscope, you can see a cell plate beginning to develop across the middle of a cell and nuclei forming on either side of the cell plate. This cell is most likely

The centromere is a region in which

Which of the following are primarily responsible for cytokinesis in plant cells but not in animal cells?

If there are 20 centromeres in a cell at anaphase, how many chromosomes are there in each daughter cell following cytokinesis?

At which phase are centrioles beginning to move apart in animal cells?

The following questions are based on Figure 12.3. Figure 12.3 -G₁ is represented by which numbered part(s)of the cycle?

During which phase of mitosis do the chromatids become chromosomes?

After which checkpoint is the cell first committed to continue the cell cycle through M?

In the cells of some organisms, mitosis occurs without cytokinesis. This will result in

The decline of MPF activity at the end of mitosis is due to

A particular cell has half as much DNA as some other cells in a mitotically active tissue. The cell in question is most likely in

Which of the following is (are)required for motor proteins to function in the movement of chromosomes toward the poles of the mitotic spindle?

You have a series of cells, all of which were derived from tumors, and you first need to find out which ones are malignant. What could you do?

The following information applies to the questions below. Several organisms, primarily protists, have what are called intermediate mitotic organization. -These protists are intermediate in what sense?

Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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