Exam 14: Social Psychology in Action 2

Beth,Diana,Jen,and Lynne just lost the state high school soccer championship game.Beth attributed the loss to a biased referee,Diana attributed the loss to bad weather,Jen attributed the loss to being too slow to compete at that level of competition,and Lynne attributed the loss to an outstanding performance by the other team's goalie.Which player is most likely to become depressed?

The concept of _______ refers to the ways in which people react to stressful events.

Patrick has experienced a large number of changes in his life recently.He has lost his job,is getting a divorce,is facing income tax evasion charges,and his wife is expecting a child.Patrick has also reported an increase in anxiety and has been sick a lot over the last six months.Some researchers would suggest that increased stress has taken a toll on Patrick's health.Others would convincingly suggest that _______ would better account for this relation.

Describe the gender differences in coping styles.Discuss why such a difference might exist and what the implications are for health.

It is ethically impossible to conduct experimental studies of stress and immune responses in humans to determine whether severe stress actually causes susceptibility to health problems.However,Cacioppo and his colleagues (1998)found that _______.

Nora and Brian both took the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (Holmes & Rahe,1967).Nora checked off 4 events (marriage,change in residence,mortgage over $10,000,and began college)with a total of 126 life change units.Brian checked off 2 events (trouble with boss and minor violation of the law)with a total of 34 life change units.These scores suggest that

Several months after he randomly assigned nursing home residents to either have control or a lack of control over visitation schedules,Richard Schulz (Schulz & Hanusa,1978)was dismayed to find that those residents who had originally controlled the duration and frequency of visits from college students later experienced poorer health and higher mortality rates.These findings seem directly at odds with research by Judith Rodin and Ellen Langer (1977),until one considers that

Consider the findings from the study by Cohen and his colleagues (1991; 1993)on stress and the immune system.On a college campus,when would students be most susceptible to catching a cold?

According to the author of your text,which of the following stressors are omitted from the Social Readjustment Scale (Holmes & Rahe,1967)?

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

What does the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (Holmes & Rahe,1967)measure?

Which of the following is a major conceptual concern with measuring stress by counting objectively positive and negative life events?

After the termination of a romantic relationship,Sari explains the situation to a friend,and says,"I don't know what to do.It's all my fault.I can't ever make people I love happy.I guess no one could ever love me,and I'm destined to die alone." Sari's attribution for the break-up is internal,_______.

Both Ellen Langer and Judith Rodin (1976)and Richard Schultz (1976)conducted field experiments in which nursing home residents were provided more control over their situations.Unlike Langer and Rodin,however,Schultz and Hanusa (1978)later found that those elderly participants who had earlier been allowed to schedule visits with college students actually had more health problems and higher mortality rates than those participants who had never had control over the visits.Explain these apparently contradictory findings.

_______ refers to the belief in one's ability to carry out specific actions that produce positive outcomes.

According to Clark and colleagues (1999),poverty and racism are powerful sources of stress.This suggests one problem with inventories such as the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (Holmes & Rahe,1967); specifically,this scale focuses on

When people experience upheavals such as the death of a spouse,bankruptcy,or resettling in a new culture,their chance of dying increases.These phenomena suggest a relation between

Ellen just failed her driving test.She attributed her failure to the fact that her boyfriend gave her a bad cold.What type of attribution is this?

Although we know that smoking,unsafe sex,and unhealthy eating are bad for us,many Canadians still do these things.Please describe why that is and interventions that use cognitive dissonance processes to address these problems.

David Spiegel and his colleagues (1989)randomly assigned breast cancer patients either to a series of weekly meetings to discuss their problems and fears or to a control group.Which of the following best reflects the results of their experiment?