Question 1

Which of the following phenomena occurs because informational social influence has backfired?

Accepted Answer

A)  private acceptance 
B)  public compliance 
C)  mass psychogenic illness 
D)  post-decision dissonance 
E)  normative social influence 
A)  private acceptance 
B)  public compliance 
C)  mass psychogenic illness 
D)  post-decision dissonance 
E)  normative social influence

Question 2

It is Libby's first day in college.When she enters the lecture hall,she notices that other students are sitting quietly toward the back of the hall,glancing through their textbooks,and pulling out pens and notebooks.Unsure how to behave,Libby takes a seat at the back of the room and decides to do the same.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  situational interdependence. 
B)  situational uncertainty. 
C)  unintentional social influence. 
D)  informational social influence. 
E)  normative social influence. 
A)  situational interdependence. 
B)  situational uncertainty. 
C)  unintentional social influence. 
D)  informational social influence. 
E)  normative social influence.

Question 3

Joe is usually very agreeable,and goes along with his friends' plans.Tonight,however,he tells his friends that he does not want to go with them to crash a party.Joe's friends accept his refusal to join them,because Joe usually goes along with the group.This is because Joe has

Accepted Answer

A)  above average social skills. 
B)  social power. 
C)  high self-esteem. 
D)  minority influence. 
E)  idiosyncrasy credits. 
A)  above average social skills. 
B)  social power. 
C)  high self-esteem. 
D)  minority influence. 
E)  idiosyncrasy credits.

Question 4

According to Bibb Latané's social impact theory (1981),the likelihood that people will conform to social influence pressures depends on three variables:

Accepted Answer

A)  conformity, obedience, and social pressure. 
B)  norms, values, and social practices. 
C)  pressure, resistance, and interdependence. 
D)  strength, immediacy, and number. 
E)  anonymity, situational ambiguity, and norms. 
A)  conformity, obedience, and social pressure. 
B)  norms, values, and social practices. 
C)  pressure, resistance, and interdependence. 
D)  strength, immediacy, and number. 
E)  anonymity, situational ambiguity, and norms.

Question 5

When a member of a group violates a norm,others will first _______ him or her,and then eventually _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  reject; accept them back to the group. 
B)  try to persuade him or her to conform; reject him or her. 
C)  reject; try to persuade him or her to rejoin the group. 
D)  decrease persuasive communication; increase persuasive communication. 
E)  use humor to persuade him or her to conform; use logic. 
A)  reject; accept them back to the group. 
B)  try to persuade him or her to conform; reject him or her. 
C)  reject; try to persuade him or her to rejoin the group. 
D)  decrease persuasive communication; increase persuasive communication. 
E)  use humor to persuade him or her to conform; use logic.

Question 6

_______ is the source of the effectiveness of the door-in-the-face technique.

Accepted Answer

A)  Private acceptance 
B)  The reciprocity norm 
C)  Conformity 
D)  Conversion 
E)  Informational social influence 
A)  Private acceptance 
B)  The reciprocity norm 
C)  Conformity 
D)  Conversion 
E)  Informational social influence

Question 7

Juanita is sitting on an airplane and hears another passenger throwing up.The flight attendant asks the passenger if he often gets motion sickness,and he says no.Soon afterwards,Juanita hears another passenger in another part of the plane throwing up,and someone elsewhere coughing.She starts to notice that her stomach is feeling a bit upset.This could be an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  normative social influence. 
B)  mass psychogenic illness. 
C)  mass hysteria. 
D)  psychosis. 
E)  general psychogenic illness 
A)  normative social influence. 
B)  mass psychogenic illness. 
C)  mass hysteria. 
D)  psychosis. 
E)  general psychogenic illness

Question 8

Explain how normative conformity can contribute to body image problems in women and men.

Accepted Answer

The media create a wide consensus among

Question 9

Solomon Asch (1951,1956)embarked on a series of studies in which participants were asked to estimate the lengths of lines that clearly differed in length.Asch originally undertook these experiments to

Accepted Answer

A)  challenge the prevailing view that humans are inherently motivated to be accurate in their perceptions. 
B)  systematically replicate the earlier "autokinetic effect" studies of Muzafer Sherif, using different ambiguous stimuli. 
C)  show that in unambiguous situations, people will behave in reasonable, rational ways. 
D)  demonstrate how poor people tend to perform on tasks in groups. 
E)  demonstrate that in ambiguous situations, people would rather be "liked" than "right." 
A)  challenge the prevailing view that humans are inherently motivated to be accurate in their perceptions. 
B)  systematically replicate the earlier "autokinetic effect" studies of Muzafer Sherif, using different ambiguous stimuli. 
C)  show that in unambiguous situations, people will behave in reasonable, rational ways. 
D)  demonstrate how poor people tend to perform on tasks in groups. 
E)  demonstrate that in ambiguous situations, people would rather be "liked" than "right."

Question 10

Martin and Randal (2009)found that people in a New Zealand art gallery contributed greater amounts when the transparent donation box was previously stacked with large bills rather than small bills and change.This study demonstrated

Accepted Answer

A)  the consequences of private acceptance. 
B)  the consequences of informational social influence. 
C)  the consequences of cognitive dissonance. 
D)  the consequences of normative social influence. 
E)  the importance of immediacy in normative social influence. 
A)  the consequences of private acceptance. 
B)  the consequences of informational social influence. 
C)  the consequences of cognitive dissonance. 
D)  the consequences of normative social influence. 
E)  the importance of immediacy in normative social influence.

Question 11

The foot-in-the-door technique works because it triggers

Accepted Answer

A)  guilt and a desire to restore self-esteem. 
B)  a change in self-perception. 
C)  obedience to authority. 
D)  the reciprocity norm. 
E)  a positive mood state 
A)  guilt and a desire to restore self-esteem. 
B)  a change in self-perception. 
C)  obedience to authority. 
D)  the reciprocity norm. 
E)  a positive mood state

Question 12

In his line judgment studies,Solomon Asch (1955)discovered that as the number of unanimously incorrect confederates exceeded four,increasing numbers of such confederates had little additional effect on participants' conformity.These findings lend support to which of the following assumptions of social impact theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  As immediacy decreases, conformity decreases. 
B)  Conformity pressures peak. 
C)  As impact increases, conformity increases. 
D)  An increase in strength will inevitably lead to an increase in conformity. 
E)  Ironically, as strength increases, conformity decreases. 
A)  As immediacy decreases, conformity decreases. 
B)  Conformity pressures peak. 
C)  As impact increases, conformity increases. 
D)  An increase in strength will inevitably lead to an increase in conformity. 
E)  Ironically, as strength increases, conformity decreases.

Question 13

___________________ is when a group of people experience similar physical symptoms,but there is no known physical or medical cause.

Accepted Answer

A)  Mass psychogenic illness 
B)  Mass hysteria 
C)  Moderate psychogenic illness 
D)  Mass psychotic illness 
E)  Moderate psychotic illness 
A)  Mass psychogenic illness 
B)  Mass hysteria 
C)  Moderate psychogenic illness 
D)  Mass psychotic illness 
E)  Moderate psychotic illness

Question 14

In a variation of his standard experiment,Solomon Asch (1957)found that when participants could write their responses on a piece of paper,conformity dropped dramatically.This finding indicates that participants exhibited _______,not _______ during the standard experiment.

Accepted Answer

A)  private acceptance; public compliance 
B)  logical reasoning; mindless conformity 
C)  public compliance; private acceptance 
D)  obedience; acceptance 
E)  mindless conformity; logical reasoning 
A)  private acceptance; public compliance 
B)  logical reasoning; mindless conformity 
C)  public compliance; private acceptance 
D)  obedience; acceptance 
E)  mindless conformity; logical reasoning

Question 15

Normative social influence is to informational social influence as _______ is to _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  private acceptance; public compliance. 
B)  knowledge; acceptance. 
C)  public compliance; private acceptance. 
D)  the foot-in-the-door technique; the door-in-the-face technique. 
E)  the door-in-the-face technique; the foot-in-the-door technique. 
A)  private acceptance; public compliance. 
B)  knowledge; acceptance. 
C)  public compliance; private acceptance. 
D)  the foot-in-the-door technique; the door-in-the-face technique. 
E)  the door-in-the-face technique; the foot-in-the-door technique.

Question 16

Explain what two conflicting norms operated in Stanley Milgram's (1963,1974)classic obedience experiments.Also explain why one norm was more likely to be obeyed than the other.

Accepted Answer

Participants were caught between two con

Question 17

It is likely that participants in Stanley Milgram's obedience experiments conducted in the 1960s and 1970s were willing to administer increasingly severe shocks to a confederate learner because when confronted with a confusing,unfamiliar,and upsetting situation,they would turn to the experimenter for cues as to how to proceed.This speculation in essence identifies _______ as a source of participants' destructive obedience.

Accepted Answer

A)  social norms 
B)  latent sadism 
C)  normative social influence 
D)  informational social influence 
E)  sociopathology 
A)  social norms 
B)  latent sadism 
C)  normative social influence 
D)  informational social influence 
E)  sociopathology

Question 18

Even though the authors point to a number of situational variables that contributed to the destructive obedience of Stanley Milgram's participants (e.g.,normative and informational conformity pressures,conflicting norms),it might still be argued that people have lurking deep within them sadistic tendencies that can easily be elicited by situational variables.What experimental findings by Milgram call this "personal attribution" into question?

Accepted Answer

A)  When the learner was introduced as a minister, participants gave lower shocks. 
B)  When the learner was introduced as a prison inmate, participants gave higher shocks. 
C)  There are cultural differences in the amount of shock participants administer. 
D)  Violent prisoners administered lower shocks than non-prisoner participants. 
E)  When participants could chose the level of shock, the vast majority administered very low levels. 
A)  When the learner was introduced as a minister, participants gave lower shocks. 
B)  When the learner was introduced as a prison inmate, participants gave higher shocks. 
C)  There are cultural differences in the amount of shock participants administer. 
D)  Violent prisoners administered lower shocks than non-prisoner participants. 
E)  When participants could chose the level of shock, the vast majority administered very low levels.

Question 19

Majorities tend to rely on _______,whereas minorities tend to rely on _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  normative social influence; idiosyncrasy credits. 
B)  informational social influence; conversion. 
C)  informational social influence; normative social influence. 
D)  normative social influence; informational social influence. 
E)  conversion; informational social influence. 
A)  normative social influence; idiosyncrasy credits. 
B)  informational social influence; conversion. 
C)  informational social influence; normative social influence. 
D)  normative social influence; informational social influence. 
E)  conversion; informational social influence.

Question 20

When Jonathan Freedman and Scott Fraser (1966)approached homeowners and asked them to place a large "Drive Carefully" sign in their yards,only 17% agreed.In contrast,nearly 60% of those homeowners who had previously signed a petition in favour of safe driving agreed to put the large "Drive Carefully" sign in their yards.What successful influence technique did Freedman and Fraser use and why did it work?

Accepted Answer

They used the foot-in-the-door technique

Which of the following phenomena occurs because informational social influence has backfired?

Joe is usually very agreeable,and goes along with his friends' plans.Tonight,however,he tells his friends that he does not want to go with them to crash a party.Joe's friends accept his refusal to join them,because Joe usually goes along with the group.This is because Joe has

According to Bibb Latané's social impact theory (1981),the likelihood that people will conform to social influence pressures depends on three variables:

When a member of a group violates a norm,others will first _ him or her,and then eventually _.

_______ is the source of the effectiveness of the door-in-the-face technique.

Explain how normative conformity can contribute to body image problems in women and men.

Solomon Asch (1951,1956)embarked on a series of studies in which participants were asked to estimate the lengths of lines that clearly differed in length.Asch originally undertook these experiments to

Martin and Randal (2009)found that people in a New Zealand art gallery contributed greater amounts when the transparent donation box was previously stacked with large bills rather than small bills and change.This study demonstrated

The foot-in-the-door technique works because it triggers

___________________ is when a group of people experience similar physical symptoms,but there is no known physical or medical cause.

In a variation of his standard experiment,Solomon Asch (1957)found that when participants could write their responses on a piece of paper,conformity dropped dramatically.This finding indicates that participants exhibited _,not _ during the standard experiment.

Normative social influence is to informational social influence as _ is to _.

Explain what two conflicting norms operated in Stanley Milgram's (1963,1974)classic obedience experiments.Also explain why one norm was more likely to be obeyed than the other.

Majorities tend to rely on _,whereas minorities tend to rely on _.

Introduction to Social Psychology

Methodology

Social Cognition

Social Perception

The Self Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

Attitudes and Attitude Change

Group Processes

Interpersonal Attraction

Prosocial Behaviour

Aggression

Prejudice

Social Psychology in Action 1

Social Psychology in Action 2

Social Psychology in Action 3

Filters

Exam 7: Conformity

Which of the following phenomena occurs because informational social influence has backfired?

Joe is usually very agreeable,and goes along with his friends' plans.Tonight,however,he tells his friends that he does not want to go with them to crash a party.Joe's friends accept his refusal to join them,because Joe usually goes along with the group.This is because Joe has

According to Bibb Latané's social impact theory (1981),the likelihood that people will conform to social influence pressures depends on three variables:

When a member of a group violates a norm,others will first _______ him or her,and then eventually _______.

_______ is the source of the effectiveness of the door-in-the-face technique.

Explain how normative conformity can contribute to body image problems in women and men.

Solomon Asch (1951,1956)embarked on a series of studies in which participants were asked to estimate the lengths of lines that clearly differed in length.Asch originally undertook these experiments to

Martin and Randal (2009)found that people in a New Zealand art gallery contributed greater amounts when the transparent donation box was previously stacked with large bills rather than small bills and change.This study demonstrated

The foot-in-the-door technique works because it triggers

___________________ is when a group of people experience similar physical symptoms,but there is no known physical or medical cause.

In a variation of his standard experiment,Solomon Asch (1957)found that when participants could write their responses on a piece of paper,conformity dropped dramatically.This finding indicates that participants exhibited _______,not _______ during the standard experiment.

Normative social influence is to informational social influence as _______ is to _______.

Explain what two conflicting norms operated in Stanley Milgram's (1963,1974)classic obedience experiments.Also explain why one norm was more likely to be obeyed than the other.

Majorities tend to rely on _______,whereas minorities tend to rely on _______.

Introduction to Social Psychology

Methodology

Social Cognition

Social Perception

The Self Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

Attitudes and Attitude Change

Group Processes

Interpersonal Attraction

Prosocial Behaviour

Aggression

Prejudice

Social Psychology in Action 1

Social Psychology in Action 2

Social Psychology in Action 3

Filters

When a member of a group violates a norm,others will first _ him or her,and then eventually _.

In a variation of his standard experiment,Solomon Asch (1957)found that when participants could write their responses on a piece of paper,conformity dropped dramatically.This finding indicates that participants exhibited _,not _ during the standard experiment.

Normative social influence is to informational social influence as _ is to _.

Majorities tend to rely on _,whereas minorities tend to rely on _.