Exam 17: Corporations: Introduction and Operating Rules

In 2019, Bluebird Corporation had net income from operations of $100,000. Further, Bluebird recognized a long-term capital gain of $30,000 and a short-term capital loss of $45,000. Which of the following statements is correct?

Temporary differences are book-tax differences that appear in both the GAAP financial statements and the Federal income tax return but not in the same reporting period.

On December 31, 2019, Lavender, Inc., (an accrual basis, calendar year C corporation), accrues a $50,000 bonus to Barry, its vice president and a 40% shareholder. Lavender pays the bonus to Barry, who is a cash basis taxpayer, on March 14, 2020. Lavender can deduct the bonus in 2020, the year in which it is included in Barry's gross income.

Never, Inc., earns book net income before tax of $500,000. In computing its book income, Never deducts $50,000 more in warranty expense for book purposes than is allowed for tax purposes. Never records no other temporary or permanent book-tax differences. Assuming that the U.S. tax rate is 21% and no valuation allowance is required, what is Never's deferred income tax asset reported on its GAAP financial statements?

Qute, Inc., earns book net income before tax of $500,000. In computing its book income, Qute deducts $50,000 more in warranty expense for book purposes than is allowed for tax purposes. Qute records no other temporary or permanent book-tax differences. Assuming that the U.S. tax rate is 21% and no valuation allowance is required, what is Qute's total income tax expense reported on its GAAP financial statements?

In each of the following independent situations, determine the C corporation's income tax liability. Assume that all corporations use a calendar year 2019. Taxable income Violet Corporation \ 63,000 Indigo Corporation 180,000 Orange Corporation 510,000 Blue Corporation 11,100,000 Green Corporation (personal service 225,000 corporation)

During the current year, Skylark Company (a calendar year entity) had operating income of $420,000 and operating expenses of $250,000. In addition, Skylark had a long-term capital loss of $20,000, and a charitable contribution of $5,000. How does Toby, the sole owner of Skylark Company, report this information on his individual income tax return under following assumptions? a. Skylark is an LLC, and Toby does not withdraw any funds from the company during the year. b. Skylark is an S corporation, and Toby does not withdraw any funds from the company during the year. c. Skylark is a regular (C) corporation, and Toby does not withdraw any funds from the company during the year.

A calendar year personal service corporation with taxable income of $100,000 in the current year will have a tax liability of $21,000.

Elk, a C corporation, has $370,000 operating income and $290,000 operating expenses during the current year. In addition, Elk has a $10,000 long-term capital gain and a $17,000 short-term capital loss. Elk's taxable income is:

Almond Corporation, a calendar year C corporation, had taxable income of $900,000, $1.1 million, and $1.2 million for 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively. Almond's taxable income is $2 million for 2020. Compute the minimum estimated tax payments for 2020 for Almond Corporation.

Hornbill Corporation, a cash basis and calendar year C corporation, was formed and began operations on May 1,2019. Hornbill incurred the following expenses during its first year of operations (May 1 - December 31, 2019): temporary directors meeting expenses of $10,500, state of incorporation fee of $5,000, stock certificate printing expenses of $1,200, and legal fees for drafting corporate charter and bylaws of $7,500. Wanting to deduct as much as possible in the current year, Hornbill Corporation's 2019 deduction for organizational expenditures is $5,800.

Nancy Smith is the sole shareholder and employee of White Corporation, a calendar year C corporation that is engaged exclusively in accounting services. During the current year, White has operating income of $320,000 and operating expenses (excluding salary) of $150,000. Further, White Corporation pays Nancy a salary of $100,000. The salary is reasonable in amount and Nancy is in the 32% marginal tax bracket regardless of any income from White. Assuming that White Corporation distributes all after-tax income as dividends, how much total combined income tax do White and Nancy pay in the current year? (Ignore any employment tax considerations.)

A deferred tax liability represents a potential future tax benefit associated with income reported in the current-year GAAP financial statements.

Phyllis, Inc., earns book net income before tax of $600,000. Phyllis puts into service a depreciable asset this year, and its first-year tax depreciation exceeds book depreciation by $120,000. Phyllis has recorded no other temporary or permanent book-tax differences. Assuming that the U.S. tax rate is 21%, what is Phyllis's total income tax expense reported on its GAAP financial statements?

If a C corporation uses straight-line depreciation on real estate (§ 1250 property), no portion of a recognized gain on the sale of the property will be recaptured as ordinary income.

Nancy is a 40% shareholder and president of Robin Corporation, a calendar year C corporation. The board of directors of Robin has decided to pay Nancy a $75,000 bonus for the current year based on her outstanding performance. The directors want to pay the $75,000 as salary, but Nancy would prefer to have it paid as a dividend. If Nancy is in the 37% marginal tax bracket regardless of the treatment of the bonus, discuss which form of payment would be most beneficial for each party. (Ignore any employment tax considerations.)

The $1 million limitation on the deduction of executive compensation applies to compensation paid to a publicly traded corporation's principal executive officer, principal financial officer, and board of directors.

Katherine, the sole shareholder of Penguin Corporation, has the corporation pay her a salary of $300,000 in the current year. The Tax Court has held that $90,000 represents unreasonable compensation. Katherine has avoided double taxation only to the extent of $210,000 (the portion of the salary that is considered reasonable compensation).

Briefly describe the charitable contribution deduction rules applicable to C corporations.

In general, all corporations that maintain inventory for sale to customers are required to use the accrual method of accounting for all income and expense items.