Exam 17: Insurance Companies and Pension Funds

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Why do property/casualty insurance companies place a large percentage of their investments in bonds? Why they also need to maintain large surpluses in certain years?

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Liability risk is much easier to gauge than property risk.

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Coinsurance and deductibles are a form of loss-sharing designed to limit objective risk.

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Life insurance companies are the oldest financial intermediary in the United States.

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An annuity provides both insurance against premature death and savings features.

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All insurers must deal with the problem of adverse selection but certain types of insurance such as flood insurance have greater adverse selection problems.

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Social Security is a fully funded pension program.

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Since insurance pricing is an application of the theorem of large number, the risk to be insured must be homogeneous, similar, and occurring by chance.

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Universal life became popular in the inflationary, high interest periods of the 1980s because interest rates on universal life policies vary with market rates.

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Many insurance companies use standard policy forms developed by the Insurance Services Office (ISO).

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Over the long term Social Security could be as much as $10 trillion underfunded.

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The liability of Lloyds of London members on assumed risks are unlimited.

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Describe the basics of whole life, variable, universal life and term life policies. What are the advantages and disadvantages of policies with cash values and those without?

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Social Security benefits stress individual equity rather than social adequacy.

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Municipal bonds are a logical investment for "qualified" pension plans.

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Policy reserves are the major asset of the typical life insurance companies.

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The assets of life insurance companies need not be as liquid as those of casualty/property insurance companies because life companies have greater certainty of claims.

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Property/liability insurance companies pay little federal income tax, thus explaining their large portfolio of state and municipal, tax-exempt securities.

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How does the Affordable Care and Patient Protection Act worsen the adverse selection problem and the moral hazard problem in health insurance?

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"Superannuation" refers to living long enough to use up all your retirement funds.

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