Exam 6: Nursing Care of Patients With Fluid, Electrolytes, and Acid-Base Imbalances

The nurse is caring for a group of patients. Prioritize from 1 to 4, with one being the highest priority, the order in which the nurse should assess the patients. __ A) A 47-year-old patient who reports two loose stools and feels nauseated __ B) A 52-year-old patient with fluid volume excess and 2+ pedal edema __ C) A 60-year-old patient with a potassium level of 2.6 mEq/L and heart palpitations __ D) A 71-year-old patient with a calcium level of 10 mg/dL and negative Trousseau sign

The nurse reviews the following results for an arterial blood gas (ABG). How does the nurse interpret these results? pH 7.46, PCO₂ 34, HCO₃ 26, PaO₂ 88%

A patient with hypertension is placed on a low-sodium diet. The nurse recognizes that further teaching is necessary if the patient chooses which menu?

The nurse is caring for a group of patients. Which patient most warrants a phone call to the health care provider (HCP)?

The nurse is teaching a patient with a calcium level of 7.8 mg/dL about food choices. Which food choice made by the patient indicates an understanding of the teaching?

The nurse is caring for a patient with arterial blood gas results of: pH 7.18, PCO₂ 42, HCO₃ 15, and Pa O₂ 84%. The patient has a blood glucose level of 84

The nurse is using Chvostek sign to assess for hypocalcemia. Which statement correctly describes this test?

The nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a group of patients. Which value should be of most concern to the nurse?

The nurse is caring for a patient with hypokalemia. Which clinical manifestations can the nurse expect to find upon assessment? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse is caring for a patient who is being treating for fluid volume excess. Which assessment finding indicates that treatment has been effective?

A patient develops an irregular heart rate, abdominal cramping, and diarrhea after a thyroidectomy. Which emergency medication should the nurse anticipate being prescribed for this patient?

During an assessment, the nurse learns that an older patient has been taking twice the prescribed amount of calcium supplements. Which physical assessment findings should the nurse identify as being consistent with this patient's intake of calcium? (Select all that apply.)

A patient with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus develops metabolic acidosis. Which assessment finding indicates that the patient's compensatory mechanisms are working?

The nurse is caring for a patient with fluid volume excess. Which medication can the nurse expect to administer?

The nurse is preparing to administer furosemide (Lasix) 40 mg intravenously to a patient with heart failure. Available is furosemide (Lasix) 20 mg/mL vials. How many mL will the nurse administer? Enter the numeral only.

The nurse is told to administer IV fluid the same osmolarity as blood. Which fluid can the nurse expect to administer?

The nurse is caring for a group of patients. Which patient is at highest risk for hypovolemia?

A patient having a severe anxiety attack has an arterial blood gas result showing respiratory alkalosis. Which nursing action should the nurse take first?

The nurse is preparing to administer furosemide (Lasix) to a patient with a potassium level of 2.8 mEq/L. Which action should the nurse take?

The nurse is teaching a patient about taking oral potassium supplements. Which topics should the nurse cover in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)