Exam 31: Shaping and Schedules of Reinforcement: A Comprehensive Guide

A conditioned stimulus is said to evoke a conditioned response.

The American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities now prefers the term ___________ to refer to individuals characterized by significant limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior.

The method of removing prompts in which the time interval between the final desired stimulus and the starting stimulus is gradually increased from a very small starting value is called the method of:

Rule-governed control over behavior is especially effective when:

The time between the question, "What time is it?" and the answer given by someone, "Two o'clock" is the:

A guideline for effective application of shaping is to:

When Suzie plays the slot machines in Las Vegas, her gambling behavior is reinforced on ___________a schedule.

Prilleltensky has argued that psychology has too readily accepted the status quo rather than questioning whether the status quo is the best for human welfare.

PSI (Personalized System of Instruction)was developed by:

A stimulus which is not originally punishing but which acquires punishing power through association with a stimulus that is punishing is called a(n):

Back-up reinforcers are stimuli that are naturally reinforcing in and of themselves, such as food for someone who has not eaten for several hours.

Although it is necessary to avoid under-reinforcement at any step in a shaping program, it is not necessary to worry about reinforcing too many times at any step.

Which of the following is an example of cognitive behavior?

Which of the following is most likely to use an indirect assessment procedure?

With unconditioned motivating operations, the value-altering effect is learned.

An acceptable IOR in a research program is:

From a behavioral point of view, imitative learning is considered to be innate in higher species.

While teaching a child to obtain the appropriate colored object when the teacher said either "blue" or "green," the teacher's pointing to the correct object on a trial would be an example of:

According to Stainback et al., during the first few days of a token economy, store time for normal children should be held:

Before and during implementation of a token economy, one must decide how staff in the token economy will be supervised.