Exam 13: Translation and Proteins

Side groups of amino acids are typically classified under which of the following?

The following drawing represents simultaneous transcription and translation in E. coli. Answer the questions below the drawing. The arrow gives the direction of the RNA polymerase. a() Is the letter A nearer the 5' or the 3' end of the molecule? b() Is the letter B nearer the 5' or the 3' end of the molecule? c() Is the letter C nearer the 5' or the 3' end of the tRNA molecule? d() What is the "S" value for the large rRNA that is closest to the letter D? e() Which terminus (N or C) of the growing polypeptide chain is nearer to the letter E?

Describe the conceptual basis for constructing biochemical pathways using nutrient supplement experiments with Neurospora.

Describe the basic structure of normal adult hemoglobin and the abnormality observed in sickle -cell hemoglobin.

Given the following table: where numbers 1 through 4 indicate four supplements that must be added to sustain growth of the organism, determine a possible metabolic pathway that would give the results seen for the four mutant strains, A through D.

Assuming that an amino acid sequence is 250 amino acids long, how many different molecules, each with a unique sequence, could be formed?

Sickle -cell anemia is caused by the absence of the alpha chain of hemoglobin.

By their experimentation using the Neurospora fungus, Beadle and Tatum were able to propose the far -reaching hypothesis that _.

The ribonucleic acid components known to exist in eukaryotic ribosomes are the following: 5.8S, 18S, 28S, and 5S.

What are polyribosomes?

Describe each of the following parameters that relate to the structure and function of tRNA: a() four functional domains b() Wobble hypothesis

During translation, which triplets signal chain termination?

A protein is 300 amino acids long. Which of the following could be the number of nucleotides in the section of DNA that codes for this protein? (Remember: DNA is double -stranded.)

The term peptidyl transferase relates to _.

Knowing that the base sequence of any given messenger RNA is responsible for precisely ordering the amino acids in a respective protein, present two mechanisms by which intrinsic properties of mRNA may regulate the "net output" of a given gene.

Below is a set of experimental results relating the growth (+) of Neurospora on several media (MM = minimal medium). Based on the information provided, present the biochemical pathway and the locations of the metabolic blocks.

The secondary structure of a protein includes _.

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes are structurally and chemically identical.

What is the general ethnic distribution of the sickle -cell gene?

Which protein class directly controls many of the metabolic reactions within a cell?