Question 1

Briefly describe what is meant by gene therapy.

Accepted Answer

Gene therapy transfers a normal allele into a somatic cell that carries one or more mutant alleles.

Question 2

Many instances involving genetically modified organisms, especially food crops, will be entering the human food chain in the years to come. On what basis are genetically modified foods considered safe to eat?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are only slightly toxic. 
B)  Genetically modified food products are considered safe if they are found to be not toxic or allergenic or have other negative physiological effects. 
C)  All products to be cleared for human consumption have been personally tested by all members of the regulatory agency. 
D)  Each genetically modified food product is screened for its resistance to antibiotics. 
E)  Because of the possible economic impact of rigorous testing, such food products are minimally tested in sheep and cattle. 
A)  They are only slightly toxic. 
B)  Genetically modified food products are considered safe if they are found to be not toxic or allergenic or have other negative physiological effects. 
C)  All products to be cleared for human consumption have been personally tested by all members of the regulatory agency. 
D)  Each genetically modified food product is screened for its resistance to antibiotics. 
E)  Because of the possible economic impact of rigorous testing, such food products are minimally tested in sheep and cattle. B

Question 3

Biotechnology provides the technical underpinnings for rational approaches to drug design by facilitating an understanding of the molecular causes of human disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

The Human Genome Project seeks to rid the human population of genetic disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

One of the current strategies for the treatment of Ebola patients is the generation of monoclonal antibodies against the virus developed through transgenic tobacco plants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Generally, vaccines are used to stimulate the immune system by providing antigens of potential pathogens. What is the typical composition of a vaccine?

Accepted Answer

inactivate

Question 7

The transfer of genes into somatic cells is called ________, whereas the transfer of
genes into the germ line is called ________; ________ is a form of therapy in which human potential can be enhanced for some desired trait.

Accepted Answer

somatic gene therapy (or trans

Question 8

What is RNAi?

Accepted Answer

RNAi (RNA interference) is a f

Question 9

Glyphosate (a herbicide) inhibits EPSP, a chloroplast enzyme involved in the synthesis of several amino acids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Gene therapy will probably be used predominantly for correcting germ -line mutations because fewer ethical issues are associated with that than with somatic cell gene therapy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

A restriction fragment is generated by the action of a restriction enzyme (endonuclease).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Genes in their natural state cannot be patented. This policy allows research and use of natural products for the common good. What argument might be presented in favor of patenting genes or gene products?

Accepted Answer

Limiting the patenting of genes or genet

Question 13

Prenatal detection of human diseases has been greatly enhanced by two procedures. Name and briefly describe each.

Accepted Answer

Amniocentesis is the withdrawa

Question 14

An unapproved form of gene therapy, known as enhancement gene therapy, can create considerable ethical dilemmas. Why?

Accepted Answer

Enhancement gene therapy might be used b

Question 15

Rational drug design involves the synthesis of specific chemical substances that affect specific gene products.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

How are gene therapy and recombinant DNA technology related?

Accepted Answer

Gene therapy refers to the app

Question 17

Name at least three applications for examining sequence variants such as RFLPs.

Accepted Answer

forensic applications, paterni

Question 18

A DNA microarray (also called a DNA chip) can be used to

Accepted Answer

A)  mutate genes of interest 
B)  assay protein output from a genomic database 
C)  isolate genes from eukaryotic cell nuclei 
D)  trap genes that are both active and inactive ________. 
E)  scan a population of nucleic acids for abundance and mutations 
A)  mutate genes of interest 
B)  assay protein output from a genomic database 
C)  isolate genes from eukaryotic cell nuclei 
D)  trap genes that are both active and inactive ________. 
E)  scan a population of nucleic acids for abundance and mutations

Question 19

New methods of delivering vaccines are likely to be developed so that traditional injection will be less frequent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Describe the structure of a DNA microarray and its use.

Accepted Answer

A DNA microarray is a glass plate divide

Exam 19: Applications and Ethics of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Briefly describe what is meant by gene therapy.

Many instances involving genetically modified organisms, especially food crops, will be entering the human food chain in the years to come. On what basis are genetically modified foods considered safe to eat?

Biotechnology provides the technical underpinnings for rational approaches to drug design by facilitating an understanding of the molecular causes of human disease.

The Human Genome Project seeks to rid the human population of genetic disease.

One of the current strategies for the treatment of Ebola patients is the generation of monoclonal antibodies against the virus developed through transgenic tobacco plants.

Generally, vaccines are used to stimulate the immune system by providing antigens of potential pathogens. What is the typical composition of a vaccine?

The transfer of genes into somatic cells is called ________, whereas the transfer of genes into the germ line is called ________; ________ is a form of therapy in which human potential can be enhanced for some desired trait.

What is RNAi?

Glyphosate (a herbicide) inhibits EPSP, a chloroplast enzyme involved in the synthesis of several amino acids.

Gene therapy will probably be used predominantly for correcting germ -line mutations because fewer ethical issues are associated with that than with somatic cell gene therapy.

A restriction fragment is generated by the action of a restriction enzyme (endonuclease).

Genes in their natural state cannot be patented. This policy allows research and use of natural products for the common good. What argument might be presented in favor of patenting genes or gene products?

Prenatal detection of human diseases has been greatly enhanced by two procedures. Name and briefly describe each.

An unapproved form of gene therapy, known as enhancement gene therapy, can create considerable ethical dilemmas. Why?

Rational drug design involves the synthesis of specific chemical substances that affect specific gene products.

How are gene therapy and recombinant DNA technology related?

Name at least three applications for examining sequence variants such as RFLPs.

A DNA microarray (also called a DNA chip) can be used to

New methods of delivering vaccines are likely to be developed so that traditional injection will be less frequent.

Describe the structure of a DNA microarray and its use.

Introduction to Genetics

Mitosis and Meiosis

Mendelian Genetics

Modifications of Mendelian Ratios

Sex Determination and Sex Chromosomes

Chromosome Mutations: Variation in Number and Arrangement

Linkage and Chromosome Mapping in Eukaryotes

Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bactierophages

DNA Structure and Analysis

DNA Replication and Recombination

Chromosome Structure and Dna Sequence Organization

The Genetic Code and Transcription

Translation and Proteins

Gene Mutation, Dna Repair, and Transposition

Regulation of Gene Expression

The Genetics of Cancer

Recombinant Dna Technology

Genomics and Proteomics

Developmental Genetics

Quantitative Genetics and Multifactorial Traits

Population and Evolutionary Genetics

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The transfer of genes into somatic cells is called , whereas the transfer of genes into the germ line is called ; is a form of therapy in which human potential can be enhanced for some desired trait.