Question 1

Not thinking too deeply or too systematically about ethical concerns

Accepted Answer

A)  isolates you from other people. 
B)  undermines your personal freedom. 
C)  ensures that no moral dilemmas arise. 
D)  helps guide you to moral truth. 
A)  isolates you from other people. 
B)  undermines your personal freedom. 
C)  ensures that no moral dilemmas arise. 
D)  helps guide you to moral truth. B

Question 2

Which field concerns questions such as "Was this abortion permissible?" or "Was this instance of mercy killing immoral?"

Accepted Answer

A)  applied ethics 
B)  metaethics 
C)  normative ethics 
D)  descriptive ethics 
A)  applied ethics 
B)  metaethics 
C)  normative ethics 
D)  descriptive ethics A

Question 3

If money is instrumentally valuable, then having a paying job is also instrumentally valuable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Which of these best describes the purpose of the book's discussion of ethics and religion?

Accepted Answer

A)  to convince religious believers of the value of doing ethics 
B)  to convince the reader that religious moral codes and theories are unacceptable 
C)  to convince the reader to question everything about morality 
D)  to convince religious believers that ethics is a replacement for religious beliefs 
A)  to convince religious believers of the value of doing ethics 
B)  to convince the reader that religious moral codes and theories are unacceptable 
C)  to convince the reader to question everything about morality 
D)  to convince religious believers that ethics is a replacement for religious beliefs

Question 5

The preeminence of reason refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)  times when our emotions overwhelm our reason. 
B)  gap between our feelings and our reason. 
C)  overriding importance of critical reasoning in ethics. 
D)  guidance that conscience gives to our reason. 
A)  times when our emotions overwhelm our reason. 
B)  gap between our feelings and our reason. 
C)  overriding importance of critical reasoning in ethics. 
D)  guidance that conscience gives to our reason.

Question 6

In arguing against the divine command theory, many critics insist that

Accepted Answer

A)  God has the power to will actions to be morally permissible. 
B)  if an action is right only because God wills it, then all actions are right. 
C)  if an action is right only because God wills it, then many evil actions would be right
If God willed them. 
D)  if an action is right only because God wills it, then many evil actions would be right for believers but wrong for nonbelievers. 
A)  God has the power to will actions to be morally permissible. 
B)  if an action is right only because God wills it, then all actions are right. 
C)  if an action is right only because God wills it, then many evil actions would be right
If God willed them. 
D)  if an action is right only because God wills it, then many evil actions would be right for believers but wrong for nonbelievers.

Question 7

Morality refers to beliefs about

Accepted Answer

A)  praise and punishment. 
B)  right and wrong, good and bad. 
C)  legal and moral standards. 
D)  typical behavior in one's society. 
A)  praise and punishment. 
B)  right and wrong, good and bad. 
C)  legal and moral standards. 
D)  typical behavior in one's society.

Question 8

What is a major difference between descriptive ethics and normative ethics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Normative ethics concerns moral beliefs, whereas descriptive ethics concerns moral behaviors. 
B)  Normative ethics implies that some people's moral beliefs are incorrect, whereas descriptive ethics does not. 
C)  Descriptive ethics cannot be done properly before doing normative ethics. 
D)  Descriptive ethics is not a scientific topic of study, whereas normative ethics is. 
A)  Normative ethics concerns moral beliefs, whereas descriptive ethics concerns moral behaviors. 
B)  Normative ethics implies that some people's moral beliefs are incorrect, whereas descriptive ethics does not. 
C)  Descriptive ethics cannot be done properly before doing normative ethics. 
D)  Descriptive ethics is not a scientific topic of study, whereas normative ethics is.

Question 9

Applied ethics is the

Accepted Answer

A)  application of normative ethics to metaethics. 
B)  application of society's rules to one's own life. 
C)  study of the principles and rules that everyone accepts. 
D)  application of moral norms to specific moral issues or cases. 
A)  application of normative ethics to metaethics. 
B)  application of society's rules to one's own life. 
C)  study of the principles and rules that everyone accepts. 
D)  application of moral norms to specific moral issues or cases.

Question 10

According to the author, if one's religious moral code gives conflicting advice on whether it is permissible to drink alcohol, then moral philosophy cannot provide any guidance because the conflict can only be resolved by interpreting religious texts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which field or topic would include tasks such as accurately describing the moral codes and ethical standards of colonial America?

Accepted Answer

A)  normative ethics 
B)  applied ethics 
C)  descriptive ethics 
D)  instrumental ethics 
A)  normative ethics 
B)  applied ethics 
C)  descriptive ethics 
D)  instrumental ethics

Question 12

Which of these illustrates the need for moral reasoning when applying religious moral codes?

Accepted Answer

A)  My religious moral code includes a general rule not to kill, but sometimes killing might be the only way to defend myself. 
B)  My religious moral code includes a general rule not to lie, but some people lie frequently. 
C)  My religious moral code has many rules that are not relevant to me. 
D)  My religious moral code is difficult to follow because it is very strict and demanding. 
A)  My religious moral code includes a general rule not to kill, but sometimes killing might be the only way to defend myself. 
B)  My religious moral code includes a general rule not to lie, but some people lie frequently. 
C)  My religious moral code has many rules that are not relevant to me. 
D)  My religious moral code is difficult to follow because it is very strict and demanding.

Question 13

Which of the following correctly applies the principle of impartiality?

Accepted Answer

A)  A mass murderer deserves the same treatment as a heart surgeon. 
B)  You cannot fairly punish one member of a group unless you punish all of them. 
C)  All moral judgments must be made on a case-by-case basis, setting aside all personal biases. 
D)  Everyone deserves the same treatment, unless there is a morally relevant reason to
Favor someone. 
A)  A mass murderer deserves the same treatment as a heart surgeon. 
B)  You cannot fairly punish one member of a group unless you punish all of them. 
C)  All moral judgments must be made on a case-by-case basis, setting aside all personal biases. 
D)  Everyone deserves the same treatment, unless there is a morally relevant reason to
Favor someone.

Question 14

The dominance of moral norms suggests that if a speed limit on a highway conflicts with a person's moral duty to rush a dying man to the hospital, then

Accepted Answer

A)  the moral duty would be as weighty as the legal duty. 
B)  neither the legal duty nor the moral duty would apply. 
C)  the moral duty would take precedence over the legal duty. 
D)  the moral duty would sanction any method whatsoever of getting the dying man to the hospital. 
A)  the moral duty would be as weighty as the legal duty. 
B)  neither the legal duty nor the moral duty would apply. 
C)  the moral duty would take precedence over the legal duty. 
D)  the moral duty would sanction any method whatsoever of getting the dying man to the hospital.

Question 15

All divisions of ethics concern both values and obligations. These two topics are similar in that they both concern things that we care about-things that we can favor or oppose.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Believing that you can establish all your moral beliefs by consulting your feelings is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  subjectivism. 
B)  objectivism. 
C)  reliabilism. 
D)  critical scrutiny. 
A)  subjectivism. 
B)  objectivism. 
C)  reliabilism. 
D)  critical scrutiny.

Question 17

Which of the following is a consequence of the principle of universalizability?

Accepted Answer

A)  If harming someone is wrong in a particular situation, then harming someone would be wrong for anyone in a relevantly similar situation. 
B)  If harming someone is wrong in a particular situation, then harming someone would be wrong in all situations. 
C)  The moral rules implied by your behavior apply to everyone, even in dissimilar situations. 
D)  A person's morality is dictated by his or her culture-wide morality. 
A)  If harming someone is wrong in a particular situation, then harming someone would be wrong for anyone in a relevantly similar situation. 
B)  If harming someone is wrong in a particular situation, then harming someone would be wrong in all situations. 
C)  The moral rules implied by your behavior apply to everyone, even in dissimilar situations. 
D)  A person's morality is dictated by his or her culture-wide morality.

Question 18

When you strictly follow the moral rules passed down to you from others, you are doing ethics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which statement would the author most likely agree with, based on what he states in this chapter?

Accepted Answer

A)  If your moral beliefs depend on your religious views, it is important to be able to convince others of your religious views before presenting your moral beliefs. 
B)  Because we live with people who have different religious views, we need standards for moral reasoning that do not depend on any particular religious views. 
C)  Religious believers tend not to think about morality as much as nonbelievers do. 
D)  Religious believers tend to have more detailed moral beliefs than nonbelievers do. 
A)  If your moral beliefs depend on your religious views, it is important to be able to convince others of your religious views before presenting your moral beliefs. 
B)  Because we live with people who have different religious views, we need standards for moral reasoning that do not depend on any particular religious views. 
C)  Religious believers tend not to think about morality as much as nonbelievers do. 
D)  Religious believers tend to have more detailed moral beliefs than nonbelievers do.

Question 20

When religious adherents claim that murder is wrong because God says that it is, they are implicitly espousing the

Accepted Answer

A)  legal theory of divine justice. 
B)  greatest happiness principle. 
C)  religious demand theory. 
D)  divine command theory. 
A)  legal theory of divine justice. 
B)  greatest happiness principle. 
C)  religious demand theory. 
D)  divine command theory.

Exam 1: Ethics and the Examined Life

Not thinking too deeply or too systematically about ethical concerns

Which field concerns questions such as "Was this abortion permissible?" or "Was this instance of mercy killing immoral?"

If money is instrumentally valuable, then having a paying job is also instrumentally valuable.

Which of these best describes the purpose of the book's discussion of ethics and religion?

The preeminence of reason refers to the

In arguing against the divine command theory, many critics insist that

Morality refers to beliefs about

What is a major difference between descriptive ethics and normative ethics?

Applied ethics is the

According to the author, if one's religious moral code gives conflicting advice on whether it is permissible to drink alcohol, then moral philosophy cannot provide any guidance because the conflict can only be resolved by interpreting religious texts.

Which field or topic would include tasks such as accurately describing the moral codes and ethical standards of colonial America?

Which of these illustrates the need for moral reasoning when applying religious moral codes?

Which of the following correctly applies the principle of impartiality?

The dominance of moral norms suggests that if a speed limit on a highway conflicts with a person's moral duty to rush a dying man to the hospital, then

All divisions of ethics concern both values and obligations. These two topics are similar in that they both concern things that we care about-things that we can favor or oppose.

Believing that you can establish all your moral beliefs by consulting your feelings is an example of

Which of the following is a consequence of the principle of universalizability?

When you strictly follow the moral rules passed down to you from others, you are doing ethics.

Which statement would the author most likely agree with, based on what he states in this chapter?

When religious adherents claim that murder is wrong because God says that it is, they are implicitly espousing the

Subjectivism, Relativism, and Emotivism

Evaluating Moral Arguments

The Power of Moral Theories

Consequentialist Theories: Maximize the Good

Nonconsequentialist Theories: Do Your Duty

Virtue Ethics: Be a Good Person

Feminist Ethics and the Ethics of Care

Abortion

Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide

Delivering Health Care

Animal Welfare

Environmental Ethics

Racism, Equality, and Discrimination

Sexual Morality

Free Speech on Campus

Drugs, Guns, and Personal Liberty

Capital Punishment

Political Violence: War, Terrorism, and Torture

The Ethics of Immigration

Global Economic Justice

Filters