Question 1

In the small intestine, segmentation begins with the contraction of this muscle layer.

Accepted Answer

A)  longitudinal 
B)  circular 
C)  oblique 
A)  longitudinal 
B)  circular 
C)  oblique

Question 2

The greater curvature of the stomach is closer to the liver than is the lesser curvature.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

From the primitive gut, the endodermal layer gives rise to the epithelial lining and glands of most of the GI tract, whereas the smooth muscle and connective tissue develop from the mesodermal layer.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Mucus in the small intestine is secreted by goblet cells in the mucosa and by duodenal glands (Brunner's glands) in the submucosa of the duodenum.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following is an anatomical feature of the small intestine that serves to increase the surface area for digestion and absorption?

Accepted Answer

A)  lacteals 
B)  microvilli 
C)  rugae 
D)  all of these choices 
A)  lacteals 
B)  microvilli 
C)  rugae 
D)  all of these choices

Question 6

Most pancreatic tissue is exocrine in function and is arranged in cell clusters called acini.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

In the wall of the GI tract, the mucosa and muscularis layers both contain smooth muscle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The stomach occupies the following abdominal region(s):

Accepted Answer

A)  umbilical. 
B)  left hypochondriac. 
C)  epigastric. 
D)  all of these choices 
A)  umbilical. 
B)  left hypochondriac. 
C)  epigastric. 
D)  all of these choices

Question 9

The head of the pancreas is located closest to the:

Accepted Answer

A)  curve of the duodenum. 
B)  lesser curvature of the stomach. 
C)  inferior surface of the liver. 
D)  medial surface of the spleen. 
A)  curve of the duodenum. 
B)  lesser curvature of the stomach. 
C)  inferior surface of the liver. 
D)  medial surface of the spleen.

Question 10

Paneth cells, circular folds (plicae circulares), brush border enzymes and lacteals are all characteristics of the small intestine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Bile helps accomplish which of the following?  
1) chemical (enzymatic) breakdown of protein
2) emulsification of large lipid globules
3) absorption of digested lipids
4) maintenance of an alkaline pH in the duodenum

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2, 3, 4 
B)  1, 2, 3 
C)  2, 3 
D)  1, 3, 4 
A)  1, 2, 3, 4 
B)  1, 2, 3 
C)  2, 3 
D)  1, 3, 4

Question 12

The secretory activity of the salivary glands is controlled via vasoconstriction and vasodilation of their blood vessels.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Advancing a gastric tube from the oral cavity to the oropharynx requires passing through the:

Accepted Answer

A)  fauces 
B)  parotid gland 
C)  chonae 
D)  inferior meatus 
A)  fauces 
B)  parotid gland 
C)  chonae 
D)  inferior meatus

Question 14

The cells of the serous layer of the alimentary canal come in contact with food.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Identify the structure indicated in the figure.

Accepted Answer

A)  gallbladder 
B)  sigmoid colon 
C)  greater omentum 
D)  lesser omentum 
A)  gallbladder 
B)  sigmoid colon 
C)  greater omentum 
D)  lesser omentum

Question 16

What structure is the arrow is pointing to?

Accepted Answer

A)  parotid duct 
B)  mylohyoid duct 
C)  submandibular duct 
D)  sublingual duct 
A)  parotid duct 
B)  mylohyoid duct 
C)  submandibular duct 
D)  sublingual duct

Question 17

A portal triad in the liver consists of which three basic structures:

Accepted Answer

A)  a common bile duct, and branches of the right and left hepatic ducts. 
B)  a branch of the hepatic portal vein, a branch of the hepatic artery, and a bile duct. 
C)  branches of the hepatic portal vein, hepatic vein, and hepatic artery. 
D)  branches of the hepatic artery, central vein, and hepatic vein. 
A)  a common bile duct, and branches of the right and left hepatic ducts. 
B)  a branch of the hepatic portal vein, a branch of the hepatic artery, and a bile duct. 
C)  branches of the hepatic portal vein, hepatic vein, and hepatic artery. 
D)  branches of the hepatic artery, central vein, and hepatic vein.

Question 18

Pouches of the large intestine that give it a puckered appearance are called epiploic (omental) appendices.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following is an accessory digestive organ?

Accepted Answer

A)  tongue 
B)  mouth 
C)  esophagus 
D)  small intestine 
E)  large intestine 
A)  tongue 
B)  mouth 
C)  esophagus 
D)  small intestine 
E)  large intestine

Question 20

Place the following in the correct order, as found in the muscularis layer of the stomach, from outermost to innermost: 
1) oblique layer
2) circular layer
3) longitudinal layer

Accepted Answer

A)  2, 1, 3 
B)  3, 1, 2 
C)  1, 2, 3 
D)  3, 2, 1 
A)  2, 1, 3 
B)  3, 1, 2 
C)  1, 2, 3 
D)  3, 2, 1

Exam 24: The Digestive System

In the small intestine, segmentation begins with the contraction of this muscle layer.

The greater curvature of the stomach is closer to the liver than is the lesser curvature.

From the primitive gut, the endodermal layer gives rise to the epithelial lining and glands of most of the GI tract, whereas the smooth muscle and connective tissue develop from the mesodermal layer.

Mucus in the small intestine is secreted by goblet cells in the mucosa and by duodenal glands (Brunner's glands) in the submucosa of the duodenum.

Which of the following is an anatomical feature of the small intestine that serves to increase the surface area for digestion and absorption?

Most pancreatic tissue is exocrine in function and is arranged in cell clusters called acini.

In the wall of the GI tract, the mucosa and muscularis layers both contain smooth muscle.

The stomach occupies the following abdominal region(s):

The head of the pancreas is located closest to the:

Paneth cells, circular folds (plicae circulares), brush border enzymes and lacteals are all characteristics of the small intestine.

Bile helps accomplish which of the following? 1) chemical (enzymatic) breakdown of protein 2) emulsification of large lipid globules 3) absorption of digested lipids 4) maintenance of an alkaline pH in the duodenum

The secretory activity of the salivary glands is controlled via vasoconstriction and vasodilation of their blood vessels.

Advancing a gastric tube from the oral cavity to the oropharynx requires passing through the:

The cells of the serous layer of the alimentary canal come in contact with food.

Identify the structure indicated in the figure.

What structure is the arrow is pointing to?

A portal triad in the liver consists of which three basic structures:

Pouches of the large intestine that give it a puckered appearance are called epiploic (omental) appendices.

Which of the following is an accessory digestive organ?

Place the following in the correct order, as found in the muscularis layer of the stomach, from outermost to innermost: 1) oblique layer 2) circular layer 3) longitudinal layer

An Introduction to the Human Body

Cells

Tissues

Development

The Integumentary System

Bone Tissue

The Skeletal System: the Axial Skeleton

The Skeletal System: the Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscular Tissue

The Muscular System

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic Lymphoid System and Immunity

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord and the Spinal Nerves

The Brain and the Cranial Nerves

The Autonomic Nervous System

Somatic Senses and Motor Control

Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

The Reproductive Systems

Surface Anatomy

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