Question 1

The French philosopher Michel Foucault was labeled a postmodern theorist because

Accepted Answer

A)  he embraced the idea that political power had no place in modern times. 
B)  he thought every old idea was worthless. 
C)  he argued that those in political power were able to shape the way accepted truths were defined. 
D)  he misjudged Western political and intellectual elites. 
A)  he embraced the idea that political power had no place in modern times. 
B)  he thought every old idea was worthless. 
C)  he argued that those in political power were able to shape the way accepted truths were defined. 
D)  he misjudged Western political and intellectual elites.

Question 2

Darwin's idea caused many problems for those who believed in the biblical account of creation because

Accepted Answer

A)  he believed it possible that same genera are lineal descendents from other generally distinct species. 
B)  he refused to acknowledge the existence of God. 
C)  he clearly stated that humans were descendents from non-animals. 
D)  he implied that all animals had a common ancestor. 
A)  he believed it possible that same genera are lineal descendents from other generally distinct species. 
B)  he refused to acknowledge the existence of God. 
C)  he clearly stated that humans were descendents from non-animals. 
D)  he implied that all animals had a common ancestor.

Question 3

The Abelam people of New Guinea believe that their ceremonial yams ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  have souls 
B)  appreciate tranquility 
C)  have family lines 
D)  all of the above 
A)  have souls 
B)  appreciate tranquility 
C)  have family lines 
D)  all of the above

Question 4

By the 20th Century how was "race" theory being used to shape the structure of society?

Accepted Answer

A)  by introducing ideas to selectively breed humans with desirable characteristics 
B)  by preventing those with undesirable characteristics from having offspring 
C)  by discouraging "races" with low IQs from having children 
D)  all the above 
A)  by introducing ideas to selectively breed humans with desirable characteristics 
B)  by preventing those with undesirable characteristics from having offspring 
C)  by discouraging "races" with low IQs from having children 
D)  all the above

Question 5

___________ refers to the particular sequence of change and adaptation of a particular society in a given environment.

Accepted Answer

A)  Evolution 
B)  General evolution 
C)  Specific evolution 
D)  Structural evolution 
A)  Evolution 
B)  General evolution 
C)  Specific evolution 
D)  Structural evolution

Question 6

Anthropology took a "literary turn" in the 1960s because

Accepted Answer

A)  anthropologists became better writers. 
B)  it was recognized that fiction, personal insights, and poetry were forms of ethnography. 
C)  anthropology was becoming stagnant. 
D)  many English majors switched into anthropology. 
A)  anthropologists became better writers. 
B)  it was recognized that fiction, personal insights, and poetry were forms of ethnography. 
C)  anthropology was becoming stagnant. 
D)  many English majors switched into anthropology.

Question 7

The American diffusionists attributed the characteristic features of a culture to a __________culture center.

Accepted Answer

A)  societal 
B)  geographical 
C)  hypothetical 
D)  physical 
A)  societal 
B)  geographical 
C)  hypothetical 
D)  physical

Question 8

One of the most important effects ____________ has had on anthropology is the recognition that perceptions of other cultures are shaped by the observers' culture.

Accepted Answer

A)  Benedict 
B)  behavioral ecology 
C)  Scaglion 
D)  feminist research 
A)  Benedict 
B)  behavioral ecology 
C)  Scaglion 
D)  feminist research

Question 9

In general, behavioral ecological theory does not expect that ________ will prevail unless ______ underlies it.

Accepted Answer

A)  individual good; individual selection 
B)  social good; individual selection 
C)  individual selection; social good 
D)  social good; individual good 
A)  individual good; individual selection 
B)  social good; individual selection 
C)  individual selection; social good 
D)  social good; individual good

Question 10

A system that exists if a society is divided into two large intermarrying groups is a _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural phenomena 
B)  binary opposition 
C)  linear opposition 
D)  moiety 
A)  cultural phenomena 
B)  binary opposition 
C)  linear opposition 
D)  moiety

Question 11

__________ have (has) to do with the customary way of making a living, the customary composition of the family, and the customs of childrearing.

Accepted Answer

A)  Secondary institutions 
B)  Primary institutions 
C)  Basic personality 
D)  Personality structure 
A)  Secondary institutions 
B)  Primary institutions 
C)  Basic personality 
D)  Personality structure

Question 12

___________ believed that family units became progressively smaller and more self- contained as human society developed.

Accepted Answer

A)  Mary 
B)  Taylor 
C)  Morgan 
D)  Smith 
A)  Mary 
B)  Taylor 
C)  Morgan 
D)  Smith

Question 13

Ethnoscience was an early kind of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  evolutionary anthropology 
B)  biological anthropology 
C)  social anthropology 
D)  cognitive anthropology 
A)  evolutionary anthropology 
B)  biological anthropology 
C)  social anthropology 
D)  cognitive anthropology

Question 14

To generalize about the psychological approach to cultural anthropology, we may say that it tries to understand how psychological factors and processes may help to __________ cultural practices.

Accepted Answer

A)  shape 
B)  change 
C)  explain 
D)  retain 
A)  shape 
B)  change 
C)  explain 
D)  retain

Question 15

A theoretical orientation is a general attitude about how _______ is/are to be explained.

Accepted Answer

A)  customs 
B)  cultural phenomena 
C)  societies 
D)  behaviors 
A)  customs 
B)  cultural phenomena 
C)  societies 
D)  behaviors

Question 16

Cultural ecology focuses mostly on what biologists would call

Accepted Answer

A)  individual selection. 
B)  group selection. 
C)  individual behavior. 
D)  group behavior. 
A)  individual selection. 
B)  group selection. 
C)  individual behavior. 
D)  group behavior.

Question 17

Taylor maintained that culture evolved from a simple complex and passed through ________ basic stage(s) of development.

Accepted Answer

A)  6 
B)  3 
C)  9 
D)  1 
A)  6 
B)  3 
C)  9 
D)  1

Question 18

__________ is the analysis of the relationship between a culture and its environment.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ethnoscience 
B)  Ecology 
C)  Cultural ecology 
D)  Biological ecology 
A)  Ethnoscience 
B)  Ecology 
C)  Cultural ecology 
D)  Biological ecology

Question 19

Explain how child training, adult personality traits, and food are thought to be related.

Accepted Answer

Child training, adult personality traits

Question 20

Boas published "the limitation of the Comparative Method of Anthropology," which dealt with his ________ to the evolutionist approach.

Accepted Answer

A)  objections 
B)  agreements 
C)  concerns 
D)  feelings 
A)  objections 
B)  agreements 
C)  concerns 
D)  feelings

Exam 2: History of Anthropological Theory

The French philosopher Michel Foucault was labeled a postmodern theorist because

Darwin's idea caused many problems for those who believed in the biblical account of creation because

The Abelam people of New Guinea believe that their ceremonial yams ____________.

By the 20th Century how was "race" theory being used to shape the structure of society?

___________ refers to the particular sequence of change and adaptation of a particular society in a given environment.

Anthropology took a "literary turn" in the 1960s because

The American diffusionists attributed the characteristic features of a culture to a __________culture center.

One of the most important effects ____________ has had on anthropology is the recognition that perceptions of other cultures are shaped by the observers' culture.

In general, behavioral ecological theory does not expect that ________ will prevail unless ______ underlies it.

A system that exists if a society is divided into two large intermarrying groups is a _________.

__________ have (has) to do with the customary way of making a living, the customary composition of the family, and the customs of childrearing.

___________ believed that family units became progressively smaller and more self- contained as human society developed.

Ethnoscience was an early kind of ________.

To generalize about the psychological approach to cultural anthropology, we may say that it tries to understand how psychological factors and processes may help to __________ cultural practices.

A theoretical orientation is a general attitude about how _______ is/are to be explained.

Cultural ecology focuses mostly on what biologists would call

Taylor maintained that culture evolved from a simple complex and passed through ________ basic stage(s) of development.

__________ is the analysis of the relationship between a culture and its environment.

Explain how child training, adult personality traits, and food are thought to be related.

Boas published "the limitation of the Comparative Method of Anthropology," which dealt with his ________ to the evolutionist approach.

What Is Anthropology

Research Methods in Anthropology

Genetics and Evolution

Human Variation and Adaptation

The Living Primates

Primate Evolution: From Early Primates to Hominoids

The First Hominids

The Origins of Culture and the Emergence of Homo

The Emergence of Homo Sapiens

The Upper Paleolithic World

Origins of Food Production and Settled Life

Origins of Cities and States

Culture and Culture Change

Communication and Language

Getting Food

Economic Systems

Social Stratification: Class, Ethnicity, and Racism

Culture and the Individual

Sex, Gender, and Culture

Marriage and the Family

Marital Residence and Kinship

Associations and Interest Groups

Political Life: Social Order and Disorder

Religion and Magic

The Arts

Applied, Practicing, and Medical Anthropology

Global Problems

Filters

By the 20^th Century how was "race" theory being used to shape the structure of society?

In general, behavioral ecological theory does not expect that __ will prevail unless underlies it.