Question 1

A person who judges other cultures solely in terms of his or her own culture is said to be

Accepted Answer

A)  integrated. 
B)  maladaptive. 
C)  ethnocentric. 
D)  prejudice. 
A)  integrated. 
B)  maladaptive. 
C)  ethnocentric. 
D)  prejudice.

Question 2

Particular behaviors and ideas that vary from society to society are

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic. 
B)  adaptive. 
C)  learned. 
D)  taught. 
A)  genetic. 
B)  adaptive. 
C)  learned. 
D)  taught.

Question 3

A ________ is a group of people who occupy a particular territory and speak a common language.

Accepted Answer

A)  family 
B)  culture 
C)  society 
D)  sub-culture 
A)  family 
B)  culture 
C)  society 
D)  sub-culture

Question 4

The fact that monkeys and apes can learn new behaviors from each other

Accepted Answer

A)  does not necessarily mean that they have culture, since their social life may be purely instinctual. 
B)  suggests that they have a culture. 
C)  suggests that they are ancestral to modern humans. 
D)  suggest that they are classified as more cultural than many mammals that spend their lives in isolation. 
A)  does not necessarily mean that they have culture, since their social life may be purely instinctual. 
B)  suggests that they have a culture. 
C)  suggests that they are ancestral to modern humans. 
D)  suggest that they are classified as more cultural than many mammals that spend their lives in isolation.

Question 5

One of the indications of how much an animal depends on learned behavior for survival is the

Accepted Answer

A)  distance it travels from its home base. 
B)  amount of social behavior the animal exhibits. 
C)  proportion of an animal's life span spent in childhood. 
D)  size of an animal. 
A)  distance it travels from its home base. 
B)  amount of social behavior the animal exhibits. 
C)  proportion of an animal's life span spent in childhood. 
D)  size of an animal.

Question 6

Discoveries and inventions are ultimately the sources of all culture change, but any one may not necessarily lead to change. Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  the patterns leading to change are too complicated 
B)  you must have 100% of the society believe in the change 
C)  if a discovery is ignored, it won't lead to change 
D)  inventions are not often spread throughout the society for people to experience 
A)  the patterns leading to change are too complicated 
B)  you must have 100% of the society believe in the change 
C)  if a discovery is ignored, it won't lead to change 
D)  inventions are not often spread throughout the society for people to experience

Question 7

In the Asch experiment, ___________of the subjects retained their independent opinions.

Accepted Answer

A)  2/3 
B)  1/2 
C)  1/4 
D)  5/8 
A)  2/3 
B)  1/2 
C)  1/4 
D)  5/8

Question 8

Describe an action that would lead to imprisonment. How does prison act as a constraint to an individual? Why do some people violate norms (and end up in prison)?

Accepted Answer

An action that would lead to imprisonmen

Question 9

The term "subculture" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the conscious behaviors, beliefs, attitudes, values, and ideals of a society. 
B)  the unconscious behaviors, beliefs, attitudes, values, and ideals of a society. 
C)  a cultural pattern considered inferior by members of a society. 
D)  the variant culture of a group of people within a larger society. 
A)  the conscious behaviors, beliefs, attitudes, values, and ideals of a society. 
B)  the unconscious behaviors, beliefs, attitudes, values, and ideals of a society. 
C)  a cultural pattern considered inferior by members of a society. 
D)  the variant culture of a group of people within a larger society.

Question 10

Standards or rules about what is acceptable behavior are referred to by social scientists as

Accepted Answer

A)  major rules. 
B)  laws. 
C)  mores. 
D)  norms. 
A)  major rules. 
B)  laws. 
C)  mores. 
D)  norms.

Question 11

Anthropologists try very hard to eliminate ethnocentric thoughts and behaviors in their work because

Accepted Answer

A)  they stand in the way of open-mindedness. 
B)  judging other cultures solely in terms of their own culture is restrictive thinking. 
C)  they don't allow a more complete understanding of the population being studied. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  they stand in the way of open-mindedness. 
B)  judging other cultures solely in terms of their own culture is restrictive thinking. 
C)  they don't allow a more complete understanding of the population being studied. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 12

Sometimes it appears that culture is random, but in fact it is integrated. What makes it integrated?

Accepted Answer

A)  the traits that make up culture are adjusted to, or consistent with, one another. 
B)  the fact that everyone in society believes it is. 
C)  because it is a hodgepodge of behaviors and ideas. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  the traits that make up culture are adjusted to, or consistent with, one another. 
B)  the fact that everyone in society believes it is. 
C)  because it is a hodgepodge of behaviors and ideas. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 13

The ideal cultural patterns of a society

Accepted Answer

A)  generally reflect the way a society was in the past. 
B)  consist of the cultural patterns that most people always exhibit. 
C)  consist of the ideas people have about how they ought to behave. 
D)  are usually followed by the most respected members of a community, though not necessarily by others. 
A)  generally reflect the way a society was in the past. 
B)  consist of the cultural patterns that most people always exhibit. 
C)  consist of the ideas people have about how they ought to behave. 
D)  are usually followed by the most respected members of a community, though not necessarily by others.

Question 14

One thing that can be said about culture is

Accepted Answer

A)  it refers to innumerable aspects of life. 
B)  it is undefinable. 
C)  it never changes. 
D)  it exists in every society and thus is instinctive. 
A)  it refers to innumerable aspects of life. 
B)  it is undefinable. 
C)  it never changes. 
D)  it exists in every society and thus is instinctive.

Question 15

Emile Durkheim stressed that culture is something __________ us exerting a strong __________ power on us.

Accepted Answer

A)  inside/coercive 
B)  outside/limiting 
C)  inside/limiting 
D)  outside/coercive 
A)  inside/coercive 
B)  outside/limiting 
C)  inside/limiting 
D)  outside/coercive

Question 16

A complex system of spoken, symbolic communication, which we call "language"

Accepted Answer

A)  probably originated in a few societies 20,000 years ago. 
B)  has existed in people known to anthropologists. 
C)  does not exist among many of the world's simpler societies. 
D)  probably originated about the same time as agriculture. 
A)  probably originated in a few societies 20,000 years ago. 
B)  has existed in people known to anthropologists. 
C)  does not exist among many of the world's simpler societies. 
D)  probably originated about the same time as agriculture.

Question 17

Elizabeth Zechenter suggests that the concept of __________ is often used to justify traditions desired by the dominant and powerful.

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural relativism 
B)  ethnocentrism 
C)  adaptation 
D)  maladaptation 
A)  cultural relativism 
B)  ethnocentrism 
C)  adaptation 
D)  maladaptation

Question 18

In anthropology, the term "culture" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the care of plant and animal resources. 
B)  the artistic heritage of any society, including painting and sculpture, music and the performing arts. 
C)  the long-standing traditions of a particular society. 
D)  all the learned behaviors, attitudes, beliefs, values, and ideals that are characteristic of a particular society or population. 
A)  the care of plant and animal resources. 
B)  the artistic heritage of any society, including painting and sculpture, music and the performing arts. 
C)  the long-standing traditions of a particular society. 
D)  all the learned behaviors, attitudes, beliefs, values, and ideals that are characteristic of a particular society or population.

Question 19

Cultural relativism was an idea created by Franz Boas because

Accepted Answer

A)  he recognized that a society's customs and ideas should be described objectively. 
B)  he realized that subjective judgments were the best way of looking at cultures. 
C)  he felt Western culture was superior. 
D)  he never went into the field to do cultural studies. 
A)  he recognized that a society's customs and ideas should be described objectively. 
B)  he realized that subjective judgments were the best way of looking at cultures. 
C)  he felt Western culture was superior. 
D)  he never went into the field to do cultural studies.

Question 20

For something to be cultural, it must be

Accepted Answer

A)  traditional. 
B)  learned and commonly shared. 
C)  part of a society's ideals. 
D)  unchanging. 
A)  traditional. 
B)  learned and commonly shared. 
C)  part of a society's ideals. 
D)  unchanging.

Exam 14: Culture and Culture Change

A person who judges other cultures solely in terms of his or her own culture is said to be

Particular behaviors and ideas that vary from society to society are

A ________ is a group of people who occupy a particular territory and speak a common language.

The fact that monkeys and apes can learn new behaviors from each other

One of the indications of how much an animal depends on learned behavior for survival is the

Discoveries and inventions are ultimately the sources of all culture change, but any one may not necessarily lead to change. Why?

In the Asch experiment, ___________of the subjects retained their independent opinions.

Describe an action that would lead to imprisonment. How does prison act as a constraint to an individual? Why do some people violate norms (and end up in prison)?

The term "subculture" refers to

Standards or rules about what is acceptable behavior are referred to by social scientists as

Anthropologists try very hard to eliminate ethnocentric thoughts and behaviors in their work because

Sometimes it appears that culture is random, but in fact it is integrated. What makes it integrated?

The ideal cultural patterns of a society

One thing that can be said about culture is

Emile Durkheim stressed that culture is something __________ us exerting a strong __________ power on us.

A complex system of spoken, symbolic communication, which we call "language"

Elizabeth Zechenter suggests that the concept of __________ is often used to justify traditions desired by the dominant and powerful.

In anthropology, the term "culture" refers to

Cultural relativism was an idea created by Franz Boas because

For something to be cultural, it must be

What Is Anthropology

History of Anthropological Theory

Research Methods in Anthropology

Genetics and Evolution

Human Variation and Adaptation

The Living Primates

Primate Evolution: From Early Primates to Hominoids

The First Hominids

The Origins of Culture and the Emergence of Homo

The Emergence of Homo Sapiens

The Upper Paleolithic World

Origins of Food Production and Settled Life

Origins of Cities and States

Communication and Language

Getting Food

Economic Systems

Social Stratification: Class, Ethnicity, and Racism

Culture and the Individual

Sex, Gender, and Culture

Marriage and the Family

Marital Residence and Kinship

Associations and Interest Groups

Political Life: Social Order and Disorder

Religion and Magic

The Arts

Applied, Practicing, and Medical Anthropology

Global Problems

Filters

Emile Durkheim stressed that culture is something us exerting a strong power on us.