Question 1

List and explain the steps in hypothesis testing.

Accepted Answer

Hypothesis testing is a statistical meth

Question 2

In hypothesis testing, if the probability value is greater than the significance level, the researcher should:

Accepted Answer

A)  Accept the alternative hypothesis 
B)  Fail to reject the null hypothesis 
C)  Conclude that the study's result is statistically significant 
D)  Reanalyze the data because the probability level must equal the significance level. 
A)  Accept the alternative hypothesis 
B)  Fail to reject the null hypothesis 
C)  Conclude that the study's result is statistically significant 
D)  Reanalyze the data because the probability level must equal the significance level.

Question 3

Which of the following significance levels provides the greatest protection against making a Type I error?

Accepted Answer

A)  .5 
B)  .1 
C)  .01 
D)  .05 
A)  .5 
B)  .1 
C)  .01 
D)  .05

Question 4

Explain the different significance tests discussed in the chapter.

Accepted Answer

In the chapter, several significance tes

Question 5

Compared to a 95% confidence interval, a 99% confidence interval is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Narrower 
B)  The same 
C)  Something that cannot be calculated 
D)  Wider 
A)  Narrower 
B)  The same 
C)  Something that cannot be calculated 
D)  Wider

Question 6

If one has two categorical variables and constructs a contingency table, then what statistical test would be appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)  t test 
B)  Normality test 
C)  Omega-square test 
D)  Chi-square test 
A)  t test 
B)  Normality test 
C)  Omega-square test 
D)  Chi-square test

Question 7

Roger's hypothesis states that the two groups are not equal. He has a:

Accepted Answer

A)  Directional null hypothesis 
B)  Null hypothesis 
C)  Directional alternative hypothesis 
D)  nondirectional alternative hypothesis 
A)  Directional null hypothesis 
B)  Null hypothesis 
C)  Directional alternative hypothesis 
D)  nondirectional alternative hypothesis

Question 8

Because a point estimate is limited by being only a single numerical value, what do researchers often use instead?

Accepted Answer

A)  Repeated sampling when estimating parameters from the sample data 
B)  An interval estimate 
C)  Population and parameter estimation 
D)  Hypothesis testing 
A)  Repeated sampling when estimating parameters from the sample data 
B)  An interval estimate 
C)  Population and parameter estimation 
D)  Hypothesis testing

Question 9

Dr. White is planning a study of the effectiveness of different memory strategies. When should he set the alpha level to be used in his study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Before she analyzes the data 
B)  After she has analyzed the data 
C)  After looking at the probability values from the analyses 
D)  The computer will set the alpha level when it analyzes the data 
A)  Before she analyzes the data 
B)  After she has analyzed the data 
C)  After looking at the probability values from the analyses 
D)  The computer will set the alpha level when it analyzes the data

Question 10

What sampling distribution is used for one-way analysis of variance?

Accepted Answer

A)  The t distribution 
B)  The F distribution 
C)  The chi-square distribution 
D)  The Z distribution 
A)  The t distribution 
B)  The F distribution 
C)  The chi-square distribution 
D)  The Z distribution

Question 11

What is the difference between a sample statistic and the corresponding population parameter called?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sampling error 
B)  Sampling deviation 
C)  Standard error 
D)  Confidence error 
A)  Sampling error 
B)  Sampling deviation 
C)  Standard error 
D)  Confidence error

Question 12

Researchers should determine both statistical significance AND practical significance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The strength or magnitude of the relationship between the independent and dependent variable is known as the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Power of the study 
B)  Effect size indicator 
C)  Type of error 
D)  Alternative hypothesis 
A)  Power of the study 
B)  Effect size indicator 
C)  Type of error 
D)  Alternative hypothesis

Question 14

An effect size indicator tells the researcher:

Accepted Answer

A)  How big of an effect is present 
B)  If a result is statistically significant 
C)  about the strength of statistical significance 
D)  about the strength of the null hypothesis 
A)  How big of an effect is present 
B)  If a result is statistically significant 
C)  about the strength of statistical significance 
D)  about the strength of the null hypothesis

Question 15

A population is drawn from a sample.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the following is not true?

Accepted Answer

A)  You can use the "sampling distribution of the mean" in significance testing 
B)  You can use the "sampling distribution of the difference between two means" in significance testing 
C)  You can use the "sampling distribution of the correlation coefficient" in significance testing 
D)  Large sampling error is associated with a small sampling error in a sampling distribution 
A)  You can use the "sampling distribution of the mean" in significance testing 
B)  You can use the "sampling distribution of the difference between two means" in significance testing 
C)  You can use the "sampling distribution of the correlation coefficient" in significance testing 
D)  Large sampling error is associated with a small sampling error in a sampling distribution

Question 17

Hypothesis testing and significance testing are two separate, unrelated procedures that are used in inferential statistics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Explain the difference between a probability value and the significance level.

Accepted Answer

A probability value, often denoted as p-

Question 19

The second step in hypothesis testing is:

Accepted Answer

A)  To analyze data and obtain the probability level 
B)  To set the alpha level for the study 
C)  To compute effect size, interpret result, and judge practical significance 
D)  To develop null and alternative hypotheses 
A)  To analyze data and obtain the probability level 
B)  To set the alpha level for the study 
C)  To compute effect size, interpret result, and judge practical significance 
D)  To develop null and alternative hypotheses

Question 20

The cut-off that a researcher uses to decide when to reject a null hypothesis is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Alternative hypothesis 
B)  Null hypothesis 
C)  Probability value 
D)  Significance level 
A)  Alternative hypothesis 
B)  Null hypothesis 
C)  Probability value 
D)  Significance level

Exam 19: Inferential Statistics

List and explain the steps in hypothesis testing.

In hypothesis testing, if the probability value is greater than the significance level, the researcher should:

Which of the following significance levels provides the greatest protection against making a Type I error?

Explain the different significance tests discussed in the chapter.

Compared to a 95% confidence interval, a 99% confidence interval is:

If one has two categorical variables and constructs a contingency table, then what statistical test would be appropriate?

Roger's hypothesis states that the two groups are not equal. He has a:

Because a point estimate is limited by being only a single numerical value, what do researchers often use instead?

Dr. White is planning a study of the effectiveness of different memory strategies. When should he set the alpha level to be used in his study?

What sampling distribution is used for one-way analysis of variance?

What is the difference between a sample statistic and the corresponding population parameter called?

Researchers should determine both statistical significance AND practical significance.

The strength or magnitude of the relationship between the independent and dependent variable is known as the:

An effect size indicator tells the researcher:

A population is drawn from a sample.

Which of the following is not true?

Hypothesis testing and significance testing are two separate, unrelated procedures that are used in inferential statistics.

Explain the difference between a probability value and the significance level.

The second step in hypothesis testing is:

The cut-off that a researcher uses to decide when to reject a null hypothesis is the:

Introduction to Educational Research

Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Research

Action Research for Lifelong Learning

How to Review the Literature and Develop Research Questions

How to Write a Research Proposal

Research Ethics

Standardized Measurement and Assessment

How to Construct a Questionnaire

Methods of Data Collection

Sampling in Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Research

Validity of Research Results in Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Research

Experimental Research: Weak and Strong Designs

Experimental Research: Quasi and Single-Case Designs

Nonexperimental Quantitative Research

Narrative Inquiry and Case Study Research

Phenomenology, Ethnography, and Grounded Theory

Mixed Research

Descriptive Statistics

Data Analysis in Qualitative and Mixed Research

How to Prepare a Research Report and Use Apa Style Guidelines

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