Question 1

What sampling distribution is used for the t test for correlation coefficients?

Accepted Answer

A)  The t distribution 
B)  The F distribution 
C)  The chi-square distribution 
D)  The Z distribution 
A)  The t distribution 
B)  The F distribution 
C)  The chi-square distribution 
D)  The Z distribution

Question 2

To draw conclusions about a population based upon data obtained from a sample, a researcher would use:

Accepted Answer

A)  Descriptive statistics 
B)  Inferential statistics 
C)  Population statistics 
D)  Parameter statistics 
A)  Descriptive statistics 
B)  Inferential statistics 
C)  Population statistics 
D)  Parameter statistics

Question 3

Explain the difference between a nondirectional and a directional alternative hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

A nondirectional alternative hypothesis,

Question 4

When analyzing her data, Janie found that her sample statistic differed from the population parameter. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Sampling error 
B)  Standard error 
C)  Distribution error 
D)  Sample error 
A)  Sampling error 
B)  Standard error 
C)  Distribution error 
D)  Sample error

Question 5

What would happen (all other things being equal) to a confidence interval if you were able to increase the sample size?

Accepted Answer

A)  It will become narrower 
B)  It will not change 
C)  It will become wider 
D)  The sample size has no effect of the width of a confidence interval 
A)  It will become narrower 
B)  It will not change 
C)  It will become wider 
D)  The sample size has no effect of the width of a confidence interval

Question 6

Post hoc tests in the analysis of variance are generally required when the independent variable:

Accepted Answer

A)  Has one level 
B)  Has two levels 
C)  Has three or more levels 
D)  Is quantitative 
A)  Has one level 
B)  Has two levels 
C)  Has three or more levels 
D)  Is quantitative

Question 7

If you claim that your evidence suggests that the observed result was not due to chance, what are you doing?

Accepted Answer

A)  You are claiming that your finding is practically significant 
B)  You are claiming that your finding must be theoretically important 
C)  You are claiming that finding was due to sampling error 
D)  You are claiming that your finding is statistically significant 
A)  You are claiming that your finding is practically significant 
B)  You are claiming that your finding must be theoretically important 
C)  You are claiming that finding was due to sampling error 
D)  You are claiming that your finding is statistically significant

Question 8

Which of the following is the alternative hypothesis for testing the difference between two means for statistical significance?

Accepted Answer

A)  H0: µGRE-V = 476 
B)  H0: µM = µF 
C)  H1: µM?µF  
D)  H0: ?XY = 0 
A)  H0: µGRE-V = 476 
B)  H0: µM = µF 
C)  H1: µM?µF  
D)  H0: ?XY = 0

Question 9

The fifth step in hypothesis testing is:

Accepted Answer

A)  To analyze data and obtain the probability level 
B)  To set the alpha level for the study 
C)  To compute effect size, interpret result, and judge practical significance 
D)  To develop null and alternative hypotheses 
A)  To analyze data and obtain the probability level 
B)  To set the alpha level for the study 
C)  To compute effect size, interpret result, and judge practical significance 
D)  To develop null and alternative hypotheses

Question 10

Assume that the null hypothesis says a person is "innocent." What is the problem when a guilty person is found to be innocent?

Accepted Answer

A)  A Type I error was made 
B)  A Type II error was made 
C)  A Type III error was made 
D)  A Type IV error was made 
A)  A Type I error was made 
B)  A Type II error was made 
C)  A Type III error was made 
D)  A Type IV error was made

Question 11

Discuss the similarities and differences between point estimation and interval estimation.

Accepted Answer

Both point estimation and interval estim

Question 12

Bree hypothesized that members of the experimental group would score differently than the control group. Her hypothesis was a:

Accepted Answer

A)  Nondirectional alternative hypothesis 
B)  Directional alternative hypothesis 
C)  Null hypothesis 
D)  Type 1 hypothesis 
A)  Nondirectional alternative hypothesis 
B)  Directional alternative hypothesis 
C)  Null hypothesis 
D)  Type 1 hypothesis

Question 13

Educational researchers work to avoid making a Type II error by decreasing the significance level they use in their studies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The significance level is the same as the alpha level.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The third step in hypothesis testing is:

Accepted Answer

A)  To analyze data and obtain the probability level 
B)  To set the alpha level for the study 
C)  To compute effect size, interpret result, and judge practical significance 
D)  To develop null and alternative hypotheses 
A)  To analyze data and obtain the probability level 
B)  To set the alpha level for the study 
C)  To compute effect size, interpret result, and judge practical significance 
D)  To develop null and alternative hypotheses

Question 16

In statistical hypothesis testing, the hypothesis that is tested is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Alternative hypothesis 
B)  Null hypothesis 
C)  Research hypothesis 
D)  Probability hypothesis 
A)  Alternative hypothesis 
B)  Null hypothesis 
C)  Research hypothesis 
D)  Probability hypothesis

Question 17

If you use a significance level of .01 rather than a significance level of .05 then which of the following will be true (assuming other things equal, such as sample size)?

Accepted Answer

A)  You are more likely to fail to reject your null hypothesis 
B)  You are more likely to reject your null hypothesis 
C)  You are more likely to reject a true null hypothesis 
D)  You are more likely to retain your alternative hypothesis 
A)  You are more likely to fail to reject your null hypothesis 
B)  You are more likely to reject your null hypothesis 
C)  You are more likely to reject a true null hypothesis 
D)  You are more likely to retain your alternative hypothesis

Question 18

The "probability of the result of your research study, or a more extreme result, assuming that the null hypothesis is true" is known as the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Alternative hypothesis 
B)  Research hypothesis 
C)  Null hypothesis 
D)  Probability value 
A)  Alternative hypothesis 
B)  Research hypothesis 
C)  Null hypothesis 
D)  Probability value

Question 19

Which of the following symbols represents a sample statistic?

Accepted Answer

A)  ρ 
B)  μ 
C)  SD 
D)  σ 
A)  ρ 
B)  μ 
C)  SD 
D)  σ

Question 20

What is the standard deviation of a sampling distribution called?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sampling deviation 
B)  Standard deviation 
C)  Standard error 
D)  Standard variance 
A)  Sampling deviation 
B)  Standard deviation 
C)  Standard error 
D)  Standard variance

Exam 19: Inferential Statistics

What sampling distribution is used for the t test for correlation coefficients?

To draw conclusions about a population based upon data obtained from a sample, a researcher would use:

Explain the difference between a nondirectional and a directional alternative hypothesis.

When analyzing her data, Janie found that her sample statistic differed from the population parameter. This is an example of:

What would happen (all other things being equal) to a confidence interval if you were able to increase the sample size?

Post hoc tests in the analysis of variance are generally required when the independent variable:

If you claim that your evidence suggests that the observed result was not due to chance, what are you doing?

Which of the following is the alternative hypothesis for testing the difference between two means for statistical significance?

The fifth step in hypothesis testing is:

Assume that the null hypothesis says a person is "innocent." What is the problem when a guilty person is found to be innocent?

Discuss the similarities and differences between point estimation and interval estimation.

Bree hypothesized that members of the experimental group would score differently than the control group. Her hypothesis was a:

Educational researchers work to avoid making a Type II error by decreasing the significance level they use in their studies.

The significance level is the same as the alpha level.

The third step in hypothesis testing is:

In statistical hypothesis testing, the hypothesis that is tested is the:

If you use a significance level of .01 rather than a significance level of .05 then which of the following will be true (assuming other things equal, such as sample size)?

The "probability of the result of your research study, or a more extreme result, assuming that the null hypothesis is true" is known as the:

Which of the following symbols represents a sample statistic?

What is the standard deviation of a sampling distribution called?

Introduction to Educational Research

Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Research

Action Research for Lifelong Learning

How to Review the Literature and Develop Research Questions

How to Write a Research Proposal

Research Ethics

Standardized Measurement and Assessment

How to Construct a Questionnaire

Methods of Data Collection

Sampling in Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Research

Validity of Research Results in Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Research

Experimental Research: Weak and Strong Designs

Experimental Research: Quasi and Single-Case Designs

Nonexperimental Quantitative Research

Narrative Inquiry and Case Study Research

Phenomenology, Ethnography, and Grounded Theory

Mixed Research

Descriptive Statistics

Data Analysis in Qualitative and Mixed Research

How to Prepare a Research Report and Use Apa Style Guidelines

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