Question 1

The margin of error is one half of the width of a confidence interval.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Compare and contrast Type I and Type II errors and ways to prevent making each type of error.

Accepted Answer

Type I errors occur when the researcher

Question 3

When should you set the significance level for your research study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Before the research data have been analyzed 
B)  After the research data have been analyzed 
C)  After looking at the probability values 
D)  The computer sets the significance level 
A)  Before the research data have been analyzed 
B)  After the research data have been analyzed 
C)  After looking at the probability values 
D)  The computer sets the significance level

Question 4

David has calculated the regression coefficient for his sample. In his write-up of his research he will use β to symbolize the regression coefficient.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

How can you minimize the risk of both Type I and Type II errors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Use a smaller alpha level 
B)  Use a smaller relationship 
C)  Decrease the sample size 
D)  Increase the sample size 
A)  Use a smaller alpha level 
B)  Use a smaller relationship 
C)  Decrease the sample size 
D)  Increase the sample size

Question 6

Which of the following best characterizes a sampling distribution?

Accepted Answer

A)  The average value is equal to the true population parameter 
B)  The standard error is always less than 1 
C)  It is based on 50 samples 
D)  The sampling error is the same as the standard error 
A)  The average value is equal to the true population parameter 
B)  The standard error is always less than 1 
C)  It is based on 50 samples 
D)  The sampling error is the same as the standard error

Question 7

If a finding is statistically significant, we should also examine it for practical significance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

In hypothesis testing, the significance level is set just after the null and alternative hypotheses are developed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

An experimental researcher usually begins with the null hypothesis of no treatment effect. What does this researcher do when he finds that the probability level is less than the significance level?

Accepted Answer

A)  The null hypothesis is retained and tested one more time before a determination can be made about the effectiveness of the treatment 
B)  The alternative hypothesis (that there is a treatment effect) is said to be true and the null hypothesis is discarded 
C)  The null hypothesis is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (that there is a treatment effect) is tentatively accepted 
D)  The researcher designs another study to prove the null hypothesis 
A)  The null hypothesis is retained and tested one more time before a determination can be made about the effectiveness of the treatment 
B)  The alternative hypothesis (that there is a treatment effect) is said to be true and the null hypothesis is discarded 
C)  The null hypothesis is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (that there is a treatment effect) is tentatively accepted 
D)  The researcher designs another study to prove the null hypothesis

Question 10

Explain what an effect size indicator is.

Accepted Answer

An effect size indicator is a statistica

Question 11

Explain the difference between a statistic and a parameter.

Accepted Answer

A statistic is a numerical value calcula

Question 12

The null hypothesis refers to population parameters.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Delores calculated the mean IQ score for the participants in her sample. This average IQ score is a point estimate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

What null hypothesis would be tested for this research question: Is there a correlation between GPA and starting salary?

Accepted Answer

A)  H0: µGRE-V = 500 
B)  H0: µE = µA&S = µB 
C)  H0: βYX1.X2 = 0 
D)  H0: ρXY = 0 
A)  H0: µGRE-V = 500 
B)  H0: µE = µA&S = µB 
C)  H0: βYX1.X2 = 0 
D)  H0: ρXY = 0

Question 15

Explain how confidence intervals work over repeated sampling.

Accepted Answer

Confidence intervals work over repeated

Question 16

Which of the following statements is a null hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  The coin is not fair 
B)  There is a correlation in the population 
C)  There is no difference between the incomes of men and women in the population 
D)  The defendant is guilty 
A)  The coin is not fair 
B)  There is a correlation in the population 
C)  There is no difference between the incomes of men and women in the population 
D)  The defendant is guilty

Question 17

What significance level do most educational researchers use?

Accepted Answer

A)  .5 
B)  .1 
C)  .01 
D)  .05 
A)  .5 
B)  .1 
C)  .01 
D)  .05

Question 18

The researcher sets the probability value.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

A researcher reports in a mainstream educational research journal that the statistic she calculated had a p >.05. What does this statement mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  The outcome was very unlikely assuming the null is true 
B)  The research finding is statistically significant 
C)  The research finding is not statistically significant 
D)  The probability of this outcome or one more extreme is less than .05 
A)  The outcome was very unlikely assuming the null is true 
B)  The research finding is statistically significant 
C)  The research finding is not statistically significant 
D)  The probability of this outcome or one more extreme is less than .05

Question 20

Denise has just completed analyzing the data for her study. She set her alpha level at .05. On her computer printout it said "r = .01." What decision should Denise make based on this information?

Accepted Answer

A)  Accept the alternative hypothesis that there was a relationship between the two variables 
B)  Fail to reject the null hypothesis that the variables were not related 
C)  Conclude that there was a real difference in the means of the three groups in her study 
D)  Reanalyze the data because the probability level must equal the significance level 
A)  Accept the alternative hypothesis that there was a relationship between the two variables 
B)  Fail to reject the null hypothesis that the variables were not related 
C)  Conclude that there was a real difference in the means of the three groups in her study 
D)  Reanalyze the data because the probability level must equal the significance level

Exam 19: Inferential Statistics

The margin of error is one half of the width of a confidence interval.

Compare and contrast Type I and Type II errors and ways to prevent making each type of error.

When should you set the significance level for your research study?

David has calculated the regression coefficient for his sample. In his write-up of his research he will use β to symbolize the regression coefficient.

How can you minimize the risk of both Type I and Type II errors?

Which of the following best characterizes a sampling distribution?

If a finding is statistically significant, we should also examine it for practical significance.

In hypothesis testing, the significance level is set just after the null and alternative hypotheses are developed.

An experimental researcher usually begins with the null hypothesis of no treatment effect. What does this researcher do when he finds that the probability level is less than the significance level?

Explain what an effect size indicator is.

Explain the difference between a statistic and a parameter.

The null hypothesis refers to population parameters.

Delores calculated the mean IQ score for the participants in her sample. This average IQ score is a point estimate.

What null hypothesis would be tested for this research question: Is there a correlation between GPA and starting salary?

Explain how confidence intervals work over repeated sampling.

Which of the following statements is a null hypothesis?

What significance level do most educational researchers use?

The researcher sets the probability value.

A researcher reports in a mainstream educational research journal that the statistic she calculated had a p >.05. What does this statement mean?

Denise has just completed analyzing the data for her study. She set her alpha level at .05. On her computer printout it said "r = .01." What decision should Denise make based on this information?

Introduction to Educational Research

Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Research

Action Research for Lifelong Learning

How to Review the Literature and Develop Research Questions

How to Write a Research Proposal

Research Ethics

Standardized Measurement and Assessment

How to Construct a Questionnaire

Methods of Data Collection

Sampling in Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Research

Validity of Research Results in Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Research

Experimental Research: Weak and Strong Designs

Experimental Research: Quasi and Single-Case Designs

Nonexperimental Quantitative Research

Narrative Inquiry and Case Study Research

Phenomenology, Ethnography, and Grounded Theory

Mixed Research

Descriptive Statistics

Data Analysis in Qualitative and Mixed Research

How to Prepare a Research Report and Use Apa Style Guidelines

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