Question 1

An air bubble doubles in volume as it rises from the bottom of a lake (1000 kg/m3).Ignoring any temperature changes, the depth of the lake is:

Accepted Answer

A) 21 m 
B) 0.76 m 
C) 4.9 m 
D) 10 m 
E) 0.99 m 
A) 21 m 
B) 0.76 m 
C) 4.9 m 
D) 10 m 
E) 0.99 m

Question 2

Evidence that molecules of a gas are in constant motion is:

Accepted Answer

A) winds exert pressure 
B) two gases interdiffuse quickly 
C) warm air rises 
D) energy as heat is needed to vaporize a liquid 
E) gases are easily compressed 
A) winds exert pressure 
B) two gases interdiffuse quickly 
C) warm air rises 
D) energy as heat is needed to vaporize a liquid 
E) gases are easily compressed

Question 3

Two monatomic ideal gases are in thermal equilibrium with each other.Gas A is composed of molecules with mass m while gas B is composed of molecules with mass 4m.The ratio of the average molecular kinetic energy KA/KB is:

Accepted Answer

A) 1/4 
B) 1/2 
C) 1 
D) 2 
E) 4 
A) 1/4 
B) 1/2 
C) 1 
D) 2 
E) 4

Question 4

The Maxwellian speed distribution provides a direct explanation of:

Accepted Answer

A) thermal expansion 
B) the ideal gas law 
C) heat 
D) evaporation 
E) boiling 
A) thermal expansion 
B) the ideal gas law 
C) heat 
D) evaporation 
E) boiling

Question 5

According to the Maxwellian speed distribution, as the temperature increases the most probable speed:

Accepted Answer

A) increases 
B) decreases 
C) increases at high temperatures and decreases at low 
D) decreases at high temperatures and increases at low 
E) stays the same 
A) increases 
B) decreases 
C) increases at high temperatures and decreases at low 
D) decreases at high temperatures and increases at low 
E) stays the same

Question 6

When work W is done on an ideal gas of diatomic molecules in thermal isolation the increase in the total translational kinetic energy of the molecules is:

Accepted Answer

A) 0 
B) 2W/3 
C) 2W/5 
D) 3W/5 
E) W 
A) 0 
B) 2W/3 
C) 2W/5 
D) 3W/5 
E) W

Question 7

The temperature of a gas is most closely related to:

Accepted Answer

A) the kinetic energy of translation of its molecules 
B) its total molecular kinetic energy 
C) the sizes of its molecules 
D) the potential energy of its molecules 
E) the total energy of its molecules 
A) the kinetic energy of translation of its molecules 
B) its total molecular kinetic energy 
C) the sizes of its molecules 
D) the potential energy of its molecules 
E) the total energy of its molecules

Question 8

An ideal gas of N monatomic molecules is in thermal equilibrium with an ideal gas of the same number of diatomic molecules and equilibrium is maintained as temperature is increased.The ratio of the changes in the internal energies ΔEdia / ΔEmon is:

Accepted Answer

A) 1/2 
B) 3/5 
C) 1 
D) 5/3 
E) 2 
A) 1/2 
B) 3/5 
C) 1 
D) 5/3 
E) 2

Question 9

According to the kinetic theory of gases, the pressure of a gas is due to:

Accepted Answer

A) change of kinetic energy of molecules as they strike the wall 
B) change of momentum of molecules as they strike the wall 
C) average kinetic energy of the molecules 
D) force of repulsion between the molecules 
E) rms speed of the molecules 
A) change of kinetic energy of molecules as they strike the wall 
B) change of momentum of molecules as they strike the wall 
C) average kinetic energy of the molecules 
D) force of repulsion between the molecules 
E) rms speed of the molecules

Question 10

The mean free path of a gas molecule is:

Accepted Answer

A) the shortest dimension of the containing vessel 
B) the cube root of the volume of the containing vessel 
C) approximately the diameter of a molecule 
D) average distance between adjacent molecules 
E) average distance a molecule travels between intermolecular collisions 
A) the shortest dimension of the containing vessel 
B) the cube root of the volume of the containing vessel 
C) approximately the diameter of a molecule 
D) average distance between adjacent molecules 
E) average distance a molecule travels between intermolecular collisions

Question 11

An isothermal process for an ideal gas is represented on a p-V diagram by:

Accepted Answer

A) a horizontal line 
B) a vertical line 
C) a portion of an ellipse 
D) a portion of a parabola 
E) a hyperbola 
A) a horizontal line 
B) a vertical line 
C) a portion of an ellipse 
D) a portion of a parabola 
E) a hyperbola

Question 12

Which of the following changes when the pressure of an ideal gas is changed isothermally?

Accepted Answer

A) Mean free path 
B) Root-mean-square molecular speed 
C) Internal energy 
D) Most probable kinetic energy 
E) Average speed 
A) Mean free path 
B) Root-mean-square molecular speed 
C) Internal energy 
D) Most probable kinetic energy 
E) Average speed

Question 13

Assume that helium behaves as an ideal monatomic gas.If 2 moles of helium undergo a temperature increase of 100 K at constant pressure, how much energy has been transferred to the helium as heat?

Accepted Answer

A) 1700 J 
B) 2500 J 
C) 4200 J 
D) 5000 J 
E) 6700 J 
A) 1700 J 
B) 2500 J 
C) 4200 J 
D) 5000 J 
E) 6700 J

Question 14

According to the Maxwellian speed distribution, as the temperature increases the number of molecules with speeds within a small interval near the most probable speed:

Accepted Answer

A) increases 
B) decreases 
C) increases at high temperatures and decreases at low 
D) decreases at high temperatures and increases at low 
E) stays the same 
A) increases 
B) decreases 
C) increases at high temperatures and decreases at low 
D) decreases at high temperatures and increases at low 
E) stays the same

Question 15

A real gas is changed slowly from state 1 to state 2.During this process no work is done on or by the gas.This process must be:

Accepted Answer

A) isothermal 
B) adiabatic 
C) occurring at constant volume 
D) occurring at constant pressure 
E) a closed cycle with point 1 coinciding with point 2 
A) isothermal 
B) adiabatic 
C) occurring at constant volume 
D) occurring at constant pressure 
E) a closed cycle with point 1 coinciding with point 2

Question 16

A quantity of an ideal gas is compressed to half its initial volume.The process may be adiabatic, isothermal or occurring at constant pressure.Rank those three processes in order of the work required of an external agent, least to greatest.

Accepted Answer

A) adiabatic, isothermal, constant pressure 
B) adiabatic, constant pressure, isothermal 
C) isothermal, adiabatic, constant pressure 
D) constant pressure, adiabatic, isothermal 
E) constant pressure, isothermal, adiabatic 
A) adiabatic, isothermal, constant pressure 
B) adiabatic, constant pressure, isothermal 
C) isothermal, adiabatic, constant pressure 
D) constant pressure, adiabatic, isothermal 
E) constant pressure, isothermal, adiabatic

Question 17

The average speeds v and molecular diameters d of five ideal gases are given below.The number of molecules per unit volume is the same for all of them.For which is the collision rate the greatest?

Accepted Answer

A) v = v0 and d = d0 
B) v = 2v0 and d = d0/2 
C) v = 3v0 and d = d0 
D) v = v0 and d = 2d0 
E) v = 4v0 and d = d0/2 
A) v = v0 and d = d0 
B) v = 2v0 and d = d0/2 
C) v = 3v0 and d = d0 
D) v = v0 and d = 2d0 
E) v = 4v0 and d = d0/2

Question 18

The mean free path of molecules in a gas is:

Accepted Answer

A) the average distance they travel before escaping 
B) the average distance they travel between collisions 
C) the greatest distance they travel between collisions 
D) the shortest distance they travel between collisions 
E) the average distance they travel before splitting apart 
A) the average distance they travel before escaping 
B) the average distance they travel between collisions 
C) the greatest distance they travel between collisions 
D) the shortest distance they travel between collisions 
E) the average distance they travel before splitting apart

Question 19

In an adiabatic contraction,

Accepted Answer

A) the temperature of the gas does not change. 
B) the gas does work on the environment, and the internal energy of the gas decreases. 
C) the environment does work on the gas, and the internal energy of the gas increases. 
D) the volume of the gas does not change. 
E) the pressure of the gas does not change. 
A) the temperature of the gas does not change. 
B) the gas does work on the environment, and the internal energy of the gas decreases. 
C) the environment does work on the gas, and the internal energy of the gas increases. 
D) the volume of the gas does not change. 
E) the pressure of the gas does not change.

Question 20

The average speed of air molecules at room temperature is about:

Accepted Answer

A) 0 m/s 
B) 2 m/s (walking speed) 
C) 30 m/s (fast car) 
D) 500 m/s (supersonic airplane) 
E) 3* 108 m/s (speed of light) 
A) 0 m/s 
B) 2 m/s (walking speed) 
C) 30 m/s (fast car) 
D) 500 m/s (supersonic airplane) 
E) 3* 108 m/s (speed of light)

Exam 19: The Kinetic Theory of Gases

An air bubble doubles in volume as it rises from the bottom of a lake (1000 kg/m3).Ignoring any temperature changes, the depth of the lake is:

Evidence that molecules of a gas are in constant motion is:

Two monatomic ideal gases are in thermal equilibrium with each other.Gas A is composed of molecules with mass m while gas B is composed of molecules with mass 4m.The ratio of the average molecular kinetic energy KA/KB is:

The Maxwellian speed distribution provides a direct explanation of:

According to the Maxwellian speed distribution, as the temperature increases the most probable speed:

When work W is done on an ideal gas of diatomic molecules in thermal isolation the increase in the total translational kinetic energy of the molecules is:

The temperature of a gas is most closely related to:

An ideal gas of N monatomic molecules is in thermal equilibrium with an ideal gas of the same number of diatomic molecules and equilibrium is maintained as temperature is increased.The ratio of the changes in the internal energies ΔEdia / ΔEmon is:

According to the kinetic theory of gases, the pressure of a gas is due to:

The mean free path of a gas molecule is:

An isothermal process for an ideal gas is represented on a p-V diagram by:

Which of the following changes when the pressure of an ideal gas is changed isothermally?

Assume that helium behaves as an ideal monatomic gas.If 2 moles of helium undergo a temperature increase of 100 K at constant pressure, how much energy has been transferred to the helium as heat?

According to the Maxwellian speed distribution, as the temperature increases the number of molecules with speeds within a small interval near the most probable speed:

A real gas is changed slowly from state 1 to state 2.During this process no work is done on or by the gas.This process must be:

A quantity of an ideal gas is compressed to half its initial volume.The process may be adiabatic, isothermal or occurring at constant pressure.Rank those three processes in order of the work required of an external agent, least to greatest.

The average speeds v and molecular diameters d of five ideal gases are given below.The number of molecules per unit volume is the same for all of them.For which is the collision rate the greatest?

The mean free path of molecules in a gas is:

In an adiabatic contraction,

The average speed of air molecules at room temperature is about:

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An air bubble doubles in volume as it rises from the bottom of a lake (1000 kg/m³).Ignoring any temperature changes, the depth of the lake is:

Two monatomic ideal gases are in thermal equilibrium with each other.Gas A is composed of molecules with mass m while gas B is composed of molecules with mass 4m.The ratio of the average molecular kinetic energy K_A/K_B is:

An ideal gas of N monatomic molecules is in thermal equilibrium with an ideal gas of the same number of diatomic molecules and equilibrium is maintained as temperature is increased.The ratio of the changes in the internal energies ΔE_{dia /}ΔE_mon is: