Question 1

The pressures p and volumes V of the five ideal gases, with the same number of molecules, are given below.Which has the highest temperature?

Accepted Answer

A) p = 1 * 105 Pa and V = 10cm3 
B) p = 3 * 105 Pa and V = 6 cm3 
C) p = 4 * 105 Pa and V = 4 cm3 
D) p = 6 * 105 Pa and V = 2 cm3 
E) p = 8 *105 Pa and V = 2 cm3 
A) p = 1 * 105 Pa and V = 10cm3 
B) p = 3 * 105 Pa and V = 6 cm3 
C) p = 4 * 105 Pa and V = 4 cm3 
D) p = 6 * 105 Pa and V = 2 cm3 
E) p = 8 *105 Pa and V = 2 cm3

Question 2

The temperature of low pressure hydrogen is reduced from 100$\degree$C to 20$\degree$C.The rms speed of its molecules decreases by approximately:

Accepted Answer

A) 89% 
B) 79% 
C) 46% 
D) 21% 
E) 11% 
A) 89% 
B) 79% 
C) 46% 
D) 21% 
E) 11%

Question 3

An ideal gas has molar specific heat Cp at constant pressure.When the temperature of n moles is increased by $\Delta$T the increase in the internal energy is:

Accepted Answer

A) nCp$\Delta$T 
B) n(Cp + R)$\Delta$T 
C) n(Cp - R)$\Delta$T 
D) n(2Cp + R)$\Delta$T 
E) n(2Cp - R)$\Delta$T 
A) nCp$\Delta$T 
B) n(Cp + R)$\Delta$T 
C) n(Cp - R)$\Delta$T 
D) n(2Cp + R)$\Delta$T 
E) n(2Cp - R)$\Delta$T

Question 4

The internal energy of an ideal gas depends on:

Accepted Answer

A) the temperature only 
B) the pressure only 
C) the volume only 
D) the temperature and pressure only 
E) temperature, pressure, and volume 
A) the temperature only 
B) the pressure only 
C) the volume only 
D) the temperature and pressure only 
E) temperature, pressure, and volume

Question 5

A given mass of gas is enclosed in a suitable container so that it may be maintained at constant volume.Under these conditions, there can be no change in what property of the gas?

Accepted Answer

A) Pressure 
B) Density 
C) Molecular kinetic energy 
D) Internal energy 
E) Temperature 
A) Pressure 
B) Density 
C) Molecular kinetic energy 
D) Internal energy 
E) Temperature

Question 6

The mass of an oxygen molecule is 16 times that of a hydrogen molecule.At room temperature, the ratio of the rms speed of an oxygen molecule to that of a hydrogen molecule is:

Accepted Answer

A) 16 
B) 4 
C) 1 
D) 1/4 
E) 1/16 
A) 16 
B) 4 
C) 1 
D) 1/4 
E) 1/16

Question 7

An ideal gas undergoes an isothermal process starting with a pressure of 2 * 105 Pa and a volume of 6 cm3.Which of the following might be the pressure and volume of the final state?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 * 105 Pa and 10cm3 
B) 3 * 105 Pa and 6 cm3 
C) 4 *105 Pa and 4 cm3 
D) 6 * 105 Pa and 2 cm3 
E) 8 * 105 Pa and 2 cm3 
A) 1 * 105 Pa and 10cm3 
B) 3 * 105 Pa and 6 cm3 
C) 4 *105 Pa and 4 cm3 
D) 6 * 105 Pa and 2 cm3 
E) 8 * 105 Pa and 2 cm3

Question 8

A 2.0-m3 weather balloon is loosely filled with helium at 1 atm (76 cm Hg)and at 27 $\degree$C.At an elevation of 20,000 ft, the atmospheric pressure is down to 38 cm Hg and the helium has expanded, being under no constraint from the confining bag.If the temperature at this elevation is -48 $\degree$C, the gas volume is:

Accepted Answer

A) 0.75 m3  
B) 1.3 m3 
C) 3.0 m3 
D) 4.0 m3 
E) 5.3 m3 
A) 0.75 m3  
B) 1.3 m3 
C) 3.0 m3 
D) 4.0 m3 
E) 5.3 m3

Question 9

If the molecules in a tank of hydrogen have the same rms speed as the molecules in a tank of oxygen, we may be sure that:

Accepted Answer

A) the pressures are the same 
B) the hydrogen is at the higher temperature 
C) the hydrogen is at the greater pressure 
D) the temperatures are the same 
E) the oxygen is at the higher temperature 
A) the pressures are the same 
B) the hydrogen is at the higher temperature 
C) the hydrogen is at the greater pressure 
D) the temperatures are the same 
E) the oxygen is at the higher temperature

Question 10

The ratio of the specific heat of an ideal gas at constant volume to its specific heat at constant pressure is:

Accepted Answer

A) R 
B) 1/R 
C) dependent on the temperature 
D) dependent on the pressure 
E) different for monatomic, diatomic, and polyatomic gases 
A) R 
B) 1/R 
C) dependent on the temperature 
D) dependent on the pressure 
E) different for monatomic, diatomic, and polyatomic gases

Question 11

In order that a single process be both isothermal and occur at constant pressure:

Accepted Answer

A) one must use an ideal gas 
B) such a process is impossible 
C) a change of phase is essential 
D) one may use any real gas such as N2 
E) one must use a solid 
A) one must use an ideal gas 
B) such a process is impossible 
C) a change of phase is essential 
D) one may use any real gas such as N2 
E) one must use a solid

Question 12

A real gas undergoes a process which can be represented as a curve on a p-V diagram.This curve is an isotherm if:

Accepted Answer

A) the volume of the gas does not change 
B) the temperature of the gas does not change 
C) the pressure of the gas does not change 
D) the gas does no work on its environment 
E) the gas exchanges no heat with its environment 
A) the volume of the gas does not change 
B) the temperature of the gas does not change 
C) the pressure of the gas does not change 
D) the gas does no work on its environment 
E) the gas exchanges no heat with its environment

Question 13

When an ideal gas undergoes a slow isothermal expansion:

Accepted Answer

A) the work done by the gas is the same as the energy absorbed as heat 
B) the work done by the environment is the same as the energy absorbed as heat 
C) the increase in internal energy is the same as the heat absorbed 
D) the increase in internal energy is the same as the work done by the gas 
E) the increase in internal energy is the same as the work done by the environment 
A) the work done by the gas is the same as the energy absorbed as heat 
B) the work done by the environment is the same as the energy absorbed as heat 
C) the increase in internal energy is the same as the heat absorbed 
D) the increase in internal energy is the same as the work done by the gas 
E) the increase in internal energy is the same as the work done by the environment

Question 14

Two identical rooms in a house are connected by an open doorway.The temperatures in the two rooms are maintained at different values.Which room contains more air?

Accepted Answer

A) the room with higher temperature 
B) the room with lower temperature 
C) the room with higher pressure 
D) neither because both have the same pressure 
E) neither because both have the same volume 
A) the room with higher temperature 
B) the room with lower temperature 
C) the room with higher pressure 
D) neither because both have the same pressure 
E) neither because both have the same volume

Question 15

The force on the walls of a vessel of a contained gas is due to:

Accepted Answer

A) repulsive force between gas molecules 
B) slight loss in average speed of a gas molecule after collision with wall 
C) change in momentum of a gas molecule due to collision with wall 
D) elastic collisions between gas molecules 
E) inelastic collisions between gas molecules 
A) repulsive force between gas molecules 
B) slight loss in average speed of a gas molecule after collision with wall 
C) change in momentum of a gas molecule due to collision with wall 
D) elastic collisions between gas molecules 
E) inelastic collisions between gas molecules

Question 16

Both the pressure and volume of an ideal gas of diatomic molecules are doubled.The ratio of the new internal energy to the old both measured relative to the internal energy at 0 K is:

Accepted Answer

A) 1/4 
B) 1/2 
C) 1 
D) 2 
E) 4 
A) 1/4 
B) 1/2 
C) 1 
D) 2 
E) 4

Question 17

Assume that helium behaves as an ideal monatomic gas.If 2 moles of helium undergo a temperature increase of 100 K at constant pressure, how much work is done by the gas?

Accepted Answer

A) 0 J 
B) 1700 J 
C) 2500 J 
D) 4200 J 
E) 5000 J 
A) 0 J 
B) 1700 J 
C) 2500 J 
D) 4200 J 
E) 5000 J

Question 18

The mean free path of air molecules at room temperature and atmospheric pressure is about:

Accepted Answer

A) 10-3 m 
B) 10-5 m 
C) 10-7 m 
D) 10-9 m 
E) 10-11 m 
A) 10-3 m 
B) 10-5 m 
C) 10-7 m 
D) 10-9 m 
E) 10-11 m

Question 19

The difference between the molar specific heat at constant pressure and the molar specific heat at constant volume for an ideal gas is:

Accepted Answer

A) the Boltzmann constant k 
B) the universal gas constant R 
C) the Avogadro number NA 
D) kT 
E) RT 
A) the Boltzmann constant k 
B) the universal gas constant R 
C) the Avogadro number NA 
D) kT 
E) RT

Question 20

An ideal gas is at a temperature of 320 K.What is the average translational kinetic energy of one of its molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) 9.2 x 10-24 J 
B) 1.4 x 10-23 J 
C) 2.1 x 10-23 J 
D) cannot tell without knowing the molar mass 
E) cannot tell without knowing whether the gas is monatomic or diatomic 
A) 9.2 x 10-24 J 
B) 1.4 x 10-23 J 
C) 2.1 x 10-23 J 
D) cannot tell without knowing the molar mass 
E) cannot tell without knowing whether the gas is monatomic or diatomic

Exam 19: The Kinetic Theory of Gases

The pressures p and volumes V of the five ideal gases, with the same number of molecules, are given below.Which has the highest temperature?

The temperature of low pressure hydrogen is reduced from 100 °\degree° C to 20 °\degree° C.The rms speed of its molecules decreases by approximately:

An ideal gas has molar specific heat Cp at constant pressure.When the temperature of n moles is increased by Δ\DeltaΔ T the increase in the internal energy is:

The internal energy of an ideal gas depends on:

A given mass of gas is enclosed in a suitable container so that it may be maintained at constant volume.Under these conditions, there can be no change in what property of the gas?

The mass of an oxygen molecule is 16 times that of a hydrogen molecule.At room temperature, the ratio of the rms speed of an oxygen molecule to that of a hydrogen molecule is:

An ideal gas undergoes an isothermal process starting with a pressure of 2 * 105 Pa and a volume of 6 cm3.Which of the following might be the pressure and volume of the final state?

If the molecules in a tank of hydrogen have the same rms speed as the molecules in a tank of oxygen, we may be sure that:

The ratio of the specific heat of an ideal gas at constant volume to its specific heat at constant pressure is:

In order that a single process be both isothermal and occur at constant pressure:

A real gas undergoes a process which can be represented as a curve on a p-V diagram.This curve is an isotherm if:

When an ideal gas undergoes a slow isothermal expansion:

Two identical rooms in a house are connected by an open doorway.The temperatures in the two rooms are maintained at different values.Which room contains more air?

The force on the walls of a vessel of a contained gas is due to:

Both the pressure and volume of an ideal gas of diatomic molecules are doubled.The ratio of the new internal energy to the old both measured relative to the internal energy at 0 K is:

Assume that helium behaves as an ideal monatomic gas.If 2 moles of helium undergo a temperature increase of 100 K at constant pressure, how much work is done by the gas?

The mean free path of air molecules at room temperature and atmospheric pressure is about:

The difference between the molar specific heat at constant pressure and the molar specific heat at constant volume for an ideal gas is:

An ideal gas is at a temperature of 320 K.What is the average translational kinetic energy of one of its molecules?

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The temperature of low pressure hydrogen is reduced from 100 $\degree$ C to 20 $\degree$ C.The rms speed of its molecules decreases by approximately:

An ideal gas has molar specific heat C_p at constant pressure.When the temperature of n moles is increased by $\Delta$ T the increase in the internal energy is:

An ideal gas undergoes an isothermal process starting with a pressure of 2 * 10⁵ Pa and a volume of 6 cm³.Which of the following might be the pressure and volume of the final state?