Question 1

Genes that are expressed only when needed are

Accepted Answer

A) unregulated. 
B) mutations. 
C) inducible. 
D) constitutive. 
E) anabolic. 
A) unregulated. 
B) mutations. 
C) inducible. 
D) constitutive. 
E) anabolic.

Question 2

Small molecules that bind directly to mRNAs and effect transcription or translation are binding to regions of the mRNA known as

Accepted Answer

A) Shine-Dalgarno sequences. 
B) operator regions. 
C) riboswitches. 
D) ribozymes. 
E) allosteric sites. 
A) Shine-Dalgarno sequences. 
B) operator regions. 
C) riboswitches. 
D) ribozymes. 
E) allosteric sites.

Question 3

________ is the term given to the process by which cells delete genes when the gene products are no longer required,as occurs in mammalian red blood cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is the term given to the...

Question 4

Which of the following processes is/are associated with the modification of histone proteins in vivo?

Accepted Answer

A) acetylation 
B) alkylation 
C) methylation 
D) transhydroxylation 
E) acetylation and methylation 
A) acetylation 
B) alkylation 
C) methylation 
D) transhydroxylation 
E) acetylation and methylation

Question 5

A DNA element that decreases transcription of a gene from a vast distance is known as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) insulator. 
B) TATA box. 
C) regulator. 
D) proximal control element. 
E) silencer. 
A) insulator. 
B) TATA box. 
C) regulator. 
D) proximal control element. 
E) silencer.

Question 6

A male is tested for cellular abnormalities.The technician notes that there are two Barr bodies present within each of the patient's cells.This indicates that his chromosome complement is most likely

Accepted Answer

A) XY. 
B) XO. 
C) XXX. 
D) XXY. 
E) XXXY. 
A) XY. 
B) XO. 
C) XXX. 
D) XXY. 
E) XXXY.

Question 7

Genes associated with embryonic development are known as

Accepted Answer

A) homologous genes. 
B) sigma factors. 
C) heterologous genes. 
D) hopanoids. 
E) homeotic genes. 
A) homologous genes. 
B) sigma factors. 
C) heterologous genes. 
D) hopanoids. 
E) homeotic genes.

Question 8

One mechanism that may lead to novel disease treatment involves ________,which hinders the translation of specific mRNAs.

Accepted Answer

A) siRNA 
B) tRNA 
C) P bodies 
D) macro-RNAs 
E) rRNA 
A) siRNA 
B) tRNA 
C) P bodies 
D) macro-RNAs 
E) rRNA

Question 9

Which of the following DNA sequence elements coordinates the expression of nonadjacent genes in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A) activation domains 
B) response elements 
C) epigenetic sequences 
D) coactivating elements 
E) DNase I hypersensitive sites 
A) activation domains 
B) response elements 
C) epigenetic sequences 
D) coactivating elements 
E) DNase I hypersensitive sites

Question 10

The trp operon in E.coli is regulated in such a manner as to allow expression of the genes only when cellular levels of tryptophan are low.When tryptophan levels are adequate,the secondary structure of the mRNA halts translation.This form of regulation is known as

Accepted Answer

A) attenuation. 
B) transcriptional regulation. 
C) positive regulatory control. 
D) allosteric inhibition. 
E) induction. 
A) attenuation. 
B) transcriptional regulation. 
C) positive regulatory control. 
D) allosteric inhibition. 
E) induction.

Question 11

The situation in which an active regulatory protein "turns on" gene expression is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) feedback inhibition. 
B) positive control. 
C) negative control. 
D) constitutive gene elements. 
E) a mutation. 
A) feedback inhibition. 
B) positive control. 
C) negative control. 
D) constitutive gene elements. 
E) a mutation.

Question 12

The concentration of iron in a cell is an important regulator of gene expression.Explain two mechanisms through which iron concentration regulates gene expression in mammalian cells.

Accepted Answer

One mechanism through which iron concent

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of translational regulation?

Accepted Answer

A) protein degradation 
B) DNA splicing 
C) protein folding 
D) mRNA degradation 
E) DNA methylation 
A) protein degradation 
B) DNA splicing 
C) protein folding 
D) mRNA degradation 
E) DNA methylation

Question 14

In eukaryotic cells,which of the following genetic elements can prevent the increase in gene expression that results from the presence of an enhancer sequence?

Accepted Answer

A) repressor 
B) silencer 
C) cofactor 
D) insulator 
E) sigma factor 
A) repressor 
B) silencer 
C) cofactor 
D) insulator 
E) sigma factor

Question 15

Comparison of gene expression in different human tissues using the nuclear run-on transcription assay illustrates that

Accepted Answer

A) differences in protein production are mainly due to post-transcriptional mechanisms. 
B) few differences in protein production are detected between tissues. 
C) differences in protein production are mainly due to differential gene transcription. 
D) differences in protein production are not due to differential gene transcription. 
E) few differences in RNA production are detected between different tissues; thus differential protein production is mainly due to post-transcriptional mechanisms. 
A) differences in protein production are mainly due to post-transcriptional mechanisms. 
B) few differences in protein production are detected between tissues. 
C) differences in protein production are mainly due to differential gene transcription. 
D) differences in protein production are not due to differential gene transcription. 
E) few differences in RNA production are detected between different tissues; thus differential protein production is mainly due to post-transcriptional mechanisms.

Question 16

You are working with a gene associated with an essential pathway that is necessary at two time points in an organism's lifetime.With regard to gene regulation,you would expect the gene to be

Accepted Answer

A) constitutive. 
B) associated with response to distinct events. 
C) induced by particular signals. 
D) repressed by particular signals. 
E) associated with response to distinct events through induction and repression signals. 
A) constitutive. 
B) associated with response to distinct events. 
C) induced by particular signals. 
D) repressed by particular signals. 
E) associated with response to distinct events through induction and repression signals.

Exam 20: The Regulation of Gene Expression

Genes that are expressed only when needed are

Small molecules that bind directly to mRNAs and effect transcription or translation are binding to regions of the mRNA known as

________ is the term given to the process by which cells delete genes when the gene products are no longer required,as occurs in mammalian red blood cells.

Which of the following processes is/are associated with the modification of histone proteins in vivo?

A DNA element that decreases transcription of a gene from a vast distance is known as a(n)

A male is tested for cellular abnormalities.The technician notes that there are two Barr bodies present within each of the patient's cells.This indicates that his chromosome complement is most likely

Genes associated with embryonic development are known as

One mechanism that may lead to novel disease treatment involves ________,which hinders the translation of specific mRNAs.

Which of the following DNA sequence elements coordinates the expression of nonadjacent genes in eukaryotes?

The trp operon in E.coli is regulated in such a manner as to allow expression of the genes only when cellular levels of tryptophan are low.When tryptophan levels are adequate,the secondary structure of the mRNA halts translation.This form of regulation is known as

The situation in which an active regulatory protein "turns on" gene expression is an example of

The concentration of iron in a cell is an important regulator of gene expression.Explain two mechanisms through which iron concentration regulates gene expression in mammalian cells.

Which of the following is an example of translational regulation?

In eukaryotic cells,which of the following genetic elements can prevent the increase in gene expression that results from the presence of an enhancer sequence?

Comparison of gene expression in different human tissues using the nuclear run-on transcription assay illustrates that

You are working with a gene associated with an essential pathway that is necessary at two time points in an organism's lifetime.With regard to gene regulation,you would expect the gene to be

A Preview of Cell Biology

The Chemistry of the Cell

The Macromolecules of the Cell

Cells and Organelles

Bioenergetics: the Flow of Energy in the Cell

Enzymes: the Catalysts of Life

Membranes: Their Structure,function,and Chemistry

Transport Across Membranes: Overcoming the Permeability Barrier

Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Glycolysis and Fermentation

Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Aerobic Respiration

Phototrophic Energy Metabolism: Photosynthesis

The Endomembrane System

Cytoskeletal Systems

Cellular Movement: Motility and Contractility

Beyond the Cell: Cell Adhesions, cell Junctions, and Extracellular Structures

The Structural Basis of Cellular Information: Dna, chromosomes, and the Nucleus

DNA Replication, repair, and Recombination

Gene Expression: Ithe Genetic Code and Transcription

Gene Expression: Iiprotein Synthesis and Sorting

Molecular Biology Techniques for Cell Biology

Signal Transduction Mechanisms: Ielectrical and Synaptic Signaling in Neurons

Signal Transduction Mechanisms: Iimessengers and Receptors

The Cell Cycle and Mitosis

Sexual Reproduction,meiosis,and Genetic Recombination

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