Question 1

You are examining a bacterial enzyme associated with glycolysis.You would expect expression of the enzyme to be

Accepted Answer

A) amplified when glucose is depleted. 
B) induced by glucose. 
C) repressed by glucose. 
D) induced when ATP concentrations in the cell are high. 
E) controlled by a riboswitch. 
A) amplified when glucose is depleted. 
B) induced by glucose. 
C) repressed by glucose. 
D) induced when ATP concentrations in the cell are high. 
E) controlled by a riboswitch.

Question 2

In order to activate genes associated with lactose metabolism,the levels of cAMP must be ________ in a bacterial cell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In order to activate genes associated with...

Question 3

P bodies play an important role in

Accepted Answer

A) post-transcriptional regulation in eukaryotic cells. 
B) epigenetic regulation in eukaryotic cells. 
C) operon regulation in prokaryotic cells. 
D) chromosome inactivation. 
E) epigenetic and post-transcriptional regulation in eukaryotic cells. 
A) post-transcriptional regulation in eukaryotic cells. 
B) epigenetic regulation in eukaryotic cells. 
C) operon regulation in prokaryotic cells. 
D) chromosome inactivation. 
E) epigenetic and post-transcriptional regulation in eukaryotic cells.

Question 4

Which of the following is not a structural motif associated with transcriptional regulation?

Accepted Answer

A) CpG motif 
B) helix-turn-helix 
C) zinc finger 
D) leucine zipper 
E) helix-loop-helix 
A) CpG motif 
B) helix-turn-helix 
C) zinc finger 
D) leucine zipper 
E) helix-loop-helix

Question 5

Inactivated X chromosomes form dark spots in the nuclei of stained cells known as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Inactivated X chromosomes form dark spots in...

Question 6

In E.coli cell with the genotype lac $O ^ { c }$ $Z ^ { + }$ $Y ^ { - }$ $A ^ { - }$ would make which of the following protein products and in what manner?

Accepted Answer

A) LacZ,induced 
B) LacZ and Lac A,induced 
C) LacY,constitutive 
D) LacZ,constitutive 
E) LacZ and LacA,constitutive 
A) LacZ,induced 
B) LacZ and Lac A,induced 
C) LacY,constitutive 
D) LacZ,constitutive 
E) LacZ and LacA,constitutive

Question 7

Addition of the short polypeptide ________ targets proteins for destruction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Addition of the short polypeptide ________ targets...

Question 8

How many Barr bodies would you expect to see in the cells of an individuals with sex chromosome complement XXX?

Accepted Answer

A) 0 
B) 1 
C) 2 
D) 3 
E) 4 
A) 0 
B) 1 
C) 2 
D) 3 
E) 4

Question 9

A bacterium has the following lac operon genes located on the chromosome: I+P−Z−Y−A+. On a plasmid,this same bacterial cell has the lac genes I−P+Z−Y+A−. Which protein products will be made from lac genes in response to the presence of lactose? What type of protein expression (induced or constitutive)will there be for each protein that is made?

Accepted Answer

Based on this information the lac repres

Question 10

The situation in which an active regulatory protein "turns off" gene expression is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) a mutation. 
B) positive control. 
C) negative control. 
D) constitutive gene elements. 
E) unique regulation. 
A) a mutation. 
B) positive control. 
C) negative control. 
D) constitutive gene elements. 
E) unique regulation.

Question 11

A eukaryotic gene is observed to make multiple forms of a protein.How can one eukaryotic gene produce multiple products in the same cell?

Accepted Answer

A) Alternative splicing sites can lead to the production of two different mature mRNAs from the same gene,resulting in slightly different proteins. 
B) Epigenetic changes can change the sequence of amino acids in a protein. 
C) Translation rates can affect the length of the polypeptide made from the same mRNA. 
D) Silencer genetic elements can cause early termination of transcription,leading to the production of multiple mature mRNAs from the same gene. 
E) One gene equals one protein,so this observation must be incorrect. 
A) Alternative splicing sites can lead to the production of two different mature mRNAs from the same gene,resulting in slightly different proteins. 
B) Epigenetic changes can change the sequence of amino acids in a protein. 
C) Translation rates can affect the length of the polypeptide made from the same mRNA. 
D) Silencer genetic elements can cause early termination of transcription,leading to the production of multiple mature mRNAs from the same gene. 
E) One gene equals one protein,so this observation must be incorrect.

Question 12

Iron-response elements are part of the untranslated regions of mRNA and regulate gene expression through ________ control.

Accepted Answer

post-trans

Question 13

Which of the following does not apply to eukaryotic gene regulation?

Accepted Answer

A) gene regulation by attenuation 
B) regulation as a result of compartmentalization 
C) mRNA degradation (turnover) 
D) protein degradation (turnover) 
E) protein folding 
A) gene regulation by attenuation 
B) regulation as a result of compartmentalization 
C) mRNA degradation (turnover) 
D) protein degradation (turnover) 
E) protein folding

Question 14

The iron-response element (IRE)is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) insulator element that binds IRE-binding protein in the absence of iron. 
B) transcriptional promoter that directly binds iron to prevent transcription of nearby genes. 
C) long noncoding RNA that binds iron and regulates transcription of multiple genes. 
D) sequence in the 5ʹ untranslated region of mRNA that forms a hairpin loop,preventing translation of the mRNA by binding to IRE-binding protein in the absence of iron. 
E) example of a prokaryotic riboswitch that causes early termination of transcription in the presence of iron. 
A) insulator element that binds IRE-binding protein in the absence of iron. 
B) transcriptional promoter that directly binds iron to prevent transcription of nearby genes. 
C) long noncoding RNA that binds iron and regulates transcription of multiple genes. 
D) sequence in the 5ʹ untranslated region of mRNA that forms a hairpin loop,preventing translation of the mRNA by binding to IRE-binding protein in the absence of iron. 
E) example of a prokaryotic riboswitch that causes early termination of transcription in the presence of iron.

Question 15

________ of cytosine bases in mammals causes decreased accessibility of DNA to the transcriptional machinery,resulting in transcriptional repression.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ of cytosine bases in mammals causes...

Question 16

The observed "puffs" in the polytene chromosomes of Drosophila are sites of

Accepted Answer

A) attenuation. 
B) condensation. 
C) induction. 
D) transcription. 
E) translation. 
A) attenuation. 
B) condensation. 
C) induction. 
D) transcription. 
E) translation.

Question 17

The regulation of eukaryotic gene expression is ________,allowing a relatively small number of different DNA control elements and transcription factors to establish highly specific and precisely controlled patterns of gene expression by acting in different combinations in different cell types.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The regulation of eukaryotic gene expression is...

Question 18

An individual whose sex chromosome complement is XXY has ________ Barr body/bodies in their cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An individual whose sex chromosome complement is...

Question 19

Sigma (σ)factors can regulate the initiation of transcription.Which of the following is not an example of σ regulation?

Accepted Answer

A) Some σ factors recognize promoters for genes whose products are necessary when the organism is under stress,such as heat shock. 
B) Some σ factors recognize promoters for genes whose products are necessary for nitrogen utilization. 
C) Bacteriophages may code for specific σ factors that bind the core RNA polymerase and result in recognition of viral promoters. 
D) Many σ factors regulate genes associated with embryonic development in eukaryotes. 
E) UV irradiation can trigger the use of alternative σ factors. 
A) Some σ factors recognize promoters for genes whose products are necessary when the organism is under stress,such as heat shock. 
B) Some σ factors recognize promoters for genes whose products are necessary for nitrogen utilization. 
C) Bacteriophages may code for specific σ factors that bind the core RNA polymerase and result in recognition of viral promoters. 
D) Many σ factors regulate genes associated with embryonic development in eukaryotes. 
E) UV irradiation can trigger the use of alternative σ factors.

Question 20

________ allows mammalian cells to regulate gene expression and produce multiple mRNAs from the same pre-mRNA.

Accepted Answer

Alternativ

Exam 20: The Regulation of Gene Expression

You are examining a bacterial enzyme associated with glycolysis.You would expect expression of the enzyme to be

In order to activate genes associated with lactose metabolism,the levels of cAMP must be ________ in a bacterial cell.

P bodies play an important role in

Which of the following is not a structural motif associated with transcriptional regulation?

Inactivated X chromosomes form dark spots in the nuclei of stained cells known as ________.

In E.coli cell with the genotype lac OcO ^ { c }Oc Z+Z ^ { + }Z+ Y−Y ^ { - }Y− A−A ^ { - }A− would make which of the following protein products and in what manner?

Addition of the short polypeptide ________ targets proteins for destruction.

How many Barr bodies would you expect to see in the cells of an individuals with sex chromosome complement XXX?

The situation in which an active regulatory protein "turns off" gene expression is an example of

A eukaryotic gene is observed to make multiple forms of a protein.How can one eukaryotic gene produce multiple products in the same cell?

Iron-response elements are part of the untranslated regions of mRNA and regulate gene expression through ________ control.

Which of the following does not apply to eukaryotic gene regulation?

The iron-response element (IRE)is a(n)

________ of cytosine bases in mammals causes decreased accessibility of DNA to the transcriptional machinery,resulting in transcriptional repression.

The observed "puffs" in the polytene chromosomes of Drosophila are sites of

The regulation of eukaryotic gene expression is ________,allowing a relatively small number of different DNA control elements and transcription factors to establish highly specific and precisely controlled patterns of gene expression by acting in different combinations in different cell types.

An individual whose sex chromosome complement is XXY has ________ Barr body/bodies in their cells.

Sigma (σ)factors can regulate the initiation of transcription.Which of the following is not an example of σ regulation?

________ allows mammalian cells to regulate gene expression and produce multiple mRNAs from the same pre-mRNA.

A Preview of Cell Biology

The Chemistry of the Cell

The Macromolecules of the Cell

Cells and Organelles

Bioenergetics: the Flow of Energy in the Cell

Enzymes: the Catalysts of Life

Membranes: Their Structure,function,and Chemistry

Transport Across Membranes: Overcoming the Permeability Barrier

Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Glycolysis and Fermentation

Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Aerobic Respiration

Phototrophic Energy Metabolism: Photosynthesis

The Endomembrane System

Cytoskeletal Systems

Cellular Movement: Motility and Contractility

Beyond the Cell: Cell Adhesions, cell Junctions, and Extracellular Structures

The Structural Basis of Cellular Information: Dna, chromosomes, and the Nucleus

DNA Replication, repair, and Recombination

Gene Expression: Ithe Genetic Code and Transcription

Gene Expression: Iiprotein Synthesis and Sorting

Molecular Biology Techniques for Cell Biology

Signal Transduction Mechanisms: Ielectrical and Synaptic Signaling in Neurons

Signal Transduction Mechanisms: Iimessengers and Receptors

The Cell Cycle and Mitosis

Sexual Reproduction,meiosis,and Genetic Recombination

Filters

In E.coli cell with the genotype lac $O ^ { c }$ $Z ^ { + }$ $Y ^ { - }$ $A ^ { - }$ would make which of the following protein products and in what manner?