Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a basic aspect of childhood temperament?

Accepted Answer

A)  positive emotionality 
B)  negative emotionality 
C)  effortful control 
D)  heterotypic continuity 
A)  positive emotionality 
B)  negative emotionality 
C)  effortful control 
D)  heterotypic continuity

Question 2

Joaquim is 65 years old. Relative to his personality as a 20-year-old, John has likely ________ in openness to experience.

Accepted Answer

A)  increased 
B)  stayed pretty much the same 
C)  decreased 
D)  increased and then decreased 
A)  increased 
B)  stayed pretty much the same 
C)  decreased 
D)  increased and then decreased

Question 3

According to a classic study, individuals who grew up during the Great Depression had different attitudes regarding work and financial security than those who did not grow up during this time. These findings provide evidence for

Accepted Answer

A)  the maturity principle. 
B)  cohort effects. 
C)  rank-order stability of personality. 
D)  cumulative continuity principle. 
A)  the maturity principle. 
B)  cohort effects. 
C)  rank-order stability of personality. 
D)  cumulative continuity principle.

Question 4

According to the theoretical model cited in the text, what is the correct order of steps necessary to accomplish self-regulated personality trait change?

Accepted Answer

A)  changing one's behavior, allowing the behaviors to become habitual, wanting to change, believing change is possible 
B)  believing change is possible, wanting to change, asking for outside help, changing one's behavior 
C)  changing one's behavior, asking for outside help, believing change is possible, wanting to change 
D)  wanting to change, believing change is possible, self-regulating behavioral change, behavior change becoming habitual 
A)  changing one's behavior, allowing the behaviors to become habitual, wanting to change, believing change is possible 
B)  believing change is possible, wanting to change, asking for outside help, changing one's behavior 
C)  changing one's behavior, asking for outside help, believing change is possible, wanting to change 
D)  wanting to change, believing change is possible, self-regulating behavioral change, behavior change becoming habitual

Question 5

The best sort of personality change

Accepted Answer

A)  is quick and focused. 
B)  occurs in childhood but not in adulthood. 
C)  is slow and steady. 
D)  is a constant effortful struggle throughout the life span. 
A)  is quick and focused. 
B)  occurs in childhood but not in adulthood. 
C)  is slow and steady. 
D)  is a constant effortful struggle throughout the life span.

Question 6

Research suggests that women who follow ________ reported being content and satisfied with life 20 years after graduation.

Accepted Answer

A)  the Feminine Social Clock 
B)  the Masculine Social Clock 
C)  neither the Feminine Social Clock nor the Masculine Social Clock 
D)  either the Feminine Social Clock or Masculine Social Clock 
A)  the Feminine Social Clock 
B)  the Masculine Social Clock 
C)  neither the Feminine Social Clock nor the Masculine Social Clock 
D)  either the Feminine Social Clock or Masculine Social Clock

Question 7

Young people with life-threatening illnesses appear to shift their goals from ________ to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  exploration; emotional well-being 
B)  generativity; meaningfulness 
C)  work; family 
D)  intellectual achievement; creativity 
A)  exploration; emotional well-being 
B)  generativity; meaningfulness 
C)  work; family 
D)  intellectual achievement; creativity

Question 8

Paul used to abuse alcohol and at his lowest point, his father helped him become sober. Now Paul and his father are closer than they ever have been. Paul's story is an example of a(n) ________ story.

Accepted Answer

A)  agency 
B)  interpersonal 
C)  redemptive 
D)  communion 
A)  agency 
B)  interpersonal 
C)  redemptive 
D)  communion

Question 9

Which of the following life events has NOT been identified as contributing to significant changes in one's personality over one's life span?

Accepted Answer

A)  birth order 
B)  early experience 
C)  attending college 
D)  retirement 
A)  birth order 
B)  early experience 
C)  attending college 
D)  retirement

Question 10

What is the relationship between lifetime experiences, physical health, and personality change? In other words, how do major life events affect an individual's health or personality trait change and vice versa?

Accepted Answer

The relationship between lifetime experi

Question 11

________ change implies that personality changes over the life course, whereas ________ consistency implies that it stays relatively stable.

Accepted Answer

A)  Rank-order; mean-level 
B)  Mean-level; rank-order 
C)  Longitudinal; cross-sectional 
D)  Cross-sectional; longitudinal 
A)  Rank-order; mean-level 
B)  Mean-level; rank-order 
C)  Longitudinal; cross-sectional 
D)  Cross-sectional; longitudinal

Question 12

All the following exercises are used to help develop self-control EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  meditating. 
B)  self-affirmation. 
C)  relaxing. 
D)  reconsidering temptations. 
A)  meditating. 
B)  self-affirmation. 
C)  relaxing. 
D)  reconsidering temptations.

Question 13

According to a study investigating the relationship between stress and important life events (Seery et al., 2013), a ________ amount of stress throughout one's life leads to a(n) ________ in cardiovascular reactivity (or resiliency).

Accepted Answer

A)  low; decrease 
B)  high; decrease 
C)  moderate; increase 
D)  moderate; decrease 
A)  low; decrease 
B)  high; decrease 
C)  moderate; increase 
D)  moderate; decrease

Question 14

John was bullied a lot in grade school. Given this early experience, which of the following behaviors is John MOST likely to exhibit later in life?

Accepted Answer

A)  self-confidence and resilience 
B)  anxiety and disorganized thoughts 
C)  depression and apathy 
D)  laziness and irresponsibility 
A)  self-confidence and resilience 
B)  anxiety and disorganized thoughts 
C)  depression and apathy 
D)  laziness and irresponsibility

Question 15

________ generally refers to the traits that help a person to fulfill socially important adult roles such as being a spouse, a parent, or a worker.

Accepted Answer

A)  Responsibility 
B)  Consistency 
C)  Maturity 
D)  Generativity 
A)  Responsibility 
B)  Consistency 
C)  Maturity 
D)  Generativity

Question 16

With accumulated evidence from personality and developmental psychology we can conclude that personality ________ and ________ over the life course.

Accepted Answer

A)  is positive; negative 
B)  changes; is stable 
C)  is subjective; objective 
D)  is self-reported; peer-reported 
A)  is positive; negative 
B)  changes; is stable 
C)  is subjective; objective 
D)  is self-reported; peer-reported

Question 17

What is the correct order of narrative identity development over the life course, according to Dan McAdams?

Accepted Answer

A)  actor, agent, author 
B)  author, agent, actor 
C)  agent, actor, author 
D)  agent, author, actor 
A)  actor, agent, author 
B)  author, agent, actor 
C)  agent, actor, author 
D)  agent, author, actor

Question 18

In line with the ________ process, if someone is high on conscientiousness, they will most likely select environments that promote achievement and order.

Accepted Answer

A)  evocative person-environment transaction 
B)  active person-environment transaction 
C)  reactive person-environment transaction 
D)  heterotypic continuity 
A)  evocative person-environment transaction 
B)  active person-environment transaction 
C)  reactive person-environment transaction 
D)  heterotypic continuity

Question 19

Based on personality development research conducted over the last 40 years, what can we conclude regarding William James's claim that personality is "set like plaster" by age 30?

Accepted Answer

A)  He was more or less correct. 
B)  He was very wrong. 
C)  There is not yet enough evidence to know whether he was correct. 
D)  He was wrong in the sense that personality remains stable after age 50. 
A)  He was more or less correct. 
B)  He was very wrong. 
C)  There is not yet enough evidence to know whether he was correct. 
D)  He was wrong in the sense that personality remains stable after age 50.

Question 20

Ajay has just begun his first professional job. Ajay will MOST likely display an increase in which trait?

Accepted Answer

A)  extraversion 
B)  openness to experience 
C)  conscientiousness 
D)  agreeableness 
A)  extraversion 
B)  openness to experience 
C)  conscientiousness 
D)  agreeableness

Which of the following is NOT a basic aspect of childhood temperament?

Joaquim is 65 years old. Relative to his personality as a 20-year-old, John has likely ________ in openness to experience.

According to a classic study, individuals who grew up during the Great Depression had different attitudes regarding work and financial security than those who did not grow up during this time. These findings provide evidence for

According to the theoretical model cited in the text, what is the correct order of steps necessary to accomplish self-regulated personality trait change?

The best sort of personality change

Research suggests that women who follow ________ reported being content and satisfied with life 20 years after graduation.

Young people with life-threatening illnesses appear to shift their goals from to .

Paul used to abuse alcohol and at his lowest point, his father helped him become sober. Now Paul and his father are closer than they ever have been. Paul's story is an example of a(n) ________ story.

Which of the following life events has NOT been identified as contributing to significant changes in one's personality over one's life span?

What is the relationship between lifetime experiences, physical health, and personality change? In other words, how do major life events affect an individual's health or personality trait change and vice versa?

change implies that personality changes over the life course, whereas consistency implies that it stays relatively stable.

All the following exercises are used to help develop self-control EXCEPT

According to a study investigating the relationship between stress and important life events (Seery et al., 2013), a amount of stress throughout one's life leads to a(n) in cardiovascular reactivity (or resiliency).

John was bullied a lot in grade school. Given this early experience, which of the following behaviors is John MOST likely to exhibit later in life?

________ generally refers to the traits that help a person to fulfill socially important adult roles such as being a spouse, a parent, or a worker.

With accumulated evidence from personality and developmental psychology we can conclude that personality and over the life course.

What is the correct order of narrative identity development over the life course, according to Dan McAdams?

In line with the ________ process, if someone is high on conscientiousness, they will most likely select environments that promote achievement and order.

Based on personality development research conducted over the last 40 years, what can we conclude regarding William James's claim that personality is "set like plaster" by age 30?

Ajay has just begun his first professional job. Ajay will MOST likely display an increase in which trait?

The Study of the Person

Personality Research Methods

Personality Assessment: Effect Size, Replicability, and Open Science

Persons and Situations

Personality Judgment

Traits and Types: the Big Five and Beyond

The Anatomy and Physiology of Personality

Genetics and Evolution: the Inheritance of Personality

Basics of Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis After Freud: Neo-Freudians, Object Relations, and Current Research

Humanistic Psychology, Positive Psychology, and the Science of Happiness

Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality

Personality Processes: Learning, Motivation, Emotion, and Thinking

The Self: What You Know About You

Relationships and Business

Mental and Physical Health

What Have We Learned

Filters

Exam 7: Personality Stability, Development, and Change

Which of the following is NOT a basic aspect of childhood temperament?

Joaquim is 65 years old. Relative to his personality as a 20-year-old, John has likely ________ in openness to experience.

According to a classic study, individuals who grew up during the Great Depression had different attitudes regarding work and financial security than those who did not grow up during this time. These findings provide evidence for

According to the theoretical model cited in the text, what is the correct order of steps necessary to accomplish self-regulated personality trait change?

The best sort of personality change

Research suggests that women who follow ________ reported being content and satisfied with life 20 years after graduation.

Young people with life-threatening illnesses appear to shift their goals from ________ to ________.

Paul used to abuse alcohol and at his lowest point, his father helped him become sober. Now Paul and his father are closer than they ever have been. Paul's story is an example of a(n) ________ story.

Which of the following life events has NOT been identified as contributing to significant changes in one's personality over one's life span?

What is the relationship between lifetime experiences, physical health, and personality change? In other words, how do major life events affect an individual's health or personality trait change and vice versa?

________ change implies that personality changes over the life course, whereas ________ consistency implies that it stays relatively stable.

All the following exercises are used to help develop self-control EXCEPT

According to a study investigating the relationship between stress and important life events (Seery et al., 2013), a ________ amount of stress throughout one's life leads to a(n) ________ in cardiovascular reactivity (or resiliency).

John was bullied a lot in grade school. Given this early experience, which of the following behaviors is John MOST likely to exhibit later in life?

________ generally refers to the traits that help a person to fulfill socially important adult roles such as being a spouse, a parent, or a worker.

With accumulated evidence from personality and developmental psychology we can conclude that personality ________ and ________ over the life course.

What is the correct order of narrative identity development over the life course, according to Dan McAdams?

In line with the ________ process, if someone is high on conscientiousness, they will most likely select environments that promote achievement and order.

Based on personality development research conducted over the last 40 years, what can we conclude regarding William James's claim that personality is "set like plaster" by age 30?

Ajay has just begun his first professional job. Ajay will MOST likely display an increase in which trait?

The Study of the Person

Personality Research Methods

Personality Assessment: Effect Size, Replicability, and Open Science

Persons and Situations

Personality Judgment

Traits and Types: the Big Five and Beyond

The Anatomy and Physiology of Personality

Genetics and Evolution: the Inheritance of Personality

Basics of Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis After Freud: Neo-Freudians, Object Relations, and Current Research

Humanistic Psychology, Positive Psychology, and the Science of Happiness

Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality

Personality Processes: Learning, Motivation, Emotion, and Thinking

The Self: What You Know About You

Relationships and Business

Mental and Physical Health

What Have We Learned

Filters

Young people with life-threatening illnesses appear to shift their goals from to .

change implies that personality changes over the life course, whereas consistency implies that it stays relatively stable.

According to a study investigating the relationship between stress and important life events (Seery et al., 2013), a amount of stress throughout one's life leads to a(n) in cardiovascular reactivity (or resiliency).

With accumulated evidence from personality and developmental psychology we can conclude that personality and over the life course.