Question 1

What is the condensed formula for the product of the following reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) CH3COOH 
B) CH3(OH)2 
C) CH3CH2OH 
D) CH3CH3 
E) None of the choices are correct. 
A) CH3COOH 
B) CH3(OH)2 
C) CH3CH2OH 
D) CH3CH3 
E) None of the choices are correct.

Question 2

Which statement best explains why propanoic acid boils at a much higher temperature than hexane?

Accepted Answer

A) Lower molecular weights tend to boil at higher temperatures. 
B) Propanoic acid has weaker intermolecular forces than hexane. 
C) Propanoic acid molecules can hydrogen bond with other propanoic molecules but hexane is nonpolar and cannot hydrogen bond. 
D) Chains with fewer carbon atoms tend to boil at higher temperatures than ones with more carbon atoms. 
E) None of the choices are correct. 
A) Lower molecular weights tend to boil at higher temperatures. 
B) Propanoic acid has weaker intermolecular forces than hexane. 
C) Propanoic acid molecules can hydrogen bond with other propanoic molecules but hexane is nonpolar and cannot hydrogen bond. 
D) Chains with fewer carbon atoms tend to boil at higher temperatures than ones with more carbon atoms. 
E) None of the choices are correct.

Question 3

The contents on the bottle of a hand lotion lists octyl palmitate as an ingredient.Based on its name,what type of compound is octyl palmitate?

Accepted Answer

A) carboxylic acid 
B) ester 
C) carboxylate salt 
D) fatty acid 
E) It is impossible to tell from the name alone. 
A) carboxylic acid 
B) ester 
C) carboxylate salt 
D) fatty acid 
E) It is impossible to tell from the name alone.

Question 4

What is the common name of the acid formed in the following reaction? $\text { ethanol } \stackrel { [ \mathrm { O } ] } { \longrightarrow }$

Accepted Answer

A) formic acid 
B) acetic acid 
C) oxalic acid 
D) methanoic acid 
E) propanoic acid 
A) formic acid 
B) acetic acid 
C) oxalic acid 
D) methanoic acid 
E) propanoic acid

Question 5

Which of the following compounds would have the greatest solubility in water?

Accepted Answer

A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) HOCH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 
E) All would have the same solubility. 
A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) HOCH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 
E) All would have the same solubility.

Question 6

Soaps tend to form insoluble compounds in the presence of Ca2+ ions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The reaction shown below between an alcohol and phosphoric acid produces a phosphoester.What is the general structure of a phosphoester?

Accepted Answer

A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) 
  
E) 
  
A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) 
  
E)

Question 8

What two compounds will react to produce hexyl acetate when heated together in the presence of a trace of acid?

Accepted Answer

A) hexane and ethanol 
B) hexene and acetic acid 
C) ethanol and hexanoic acid 
D) hexanol and acetic acid 
E) hexane and acetic acid 
A) hexane and ethanol 
B) hexene and acetic acid 
C) ethanol and hexanoic acid 
D) hexanol and acetic acid 
E) hexane and acetic acid

Question 9

What is the name of the ester shown below?

Accepted Answer

A) phenyl acetate 
B) ethyl benzoate 
C) benzyl acetate 
D) ethyl phenoate 
E) methyl benzoate 
A) phenyl acetate 
B) ethyl benzoate 
C) benzyl acetate 
D) ethyl phenoate 
E) methyl benzoate

Question 10

A cyclic ester (lactone)is formed when a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol functional group that is present in the same molecule.Which structure represents the lactone formed in the reaction below?

Accepted Answer

A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) 
  
E) 
  
A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) 
  
E)

Question 11

What is the common name of the carboxylic acid found in rancid butter?

Accepted Answer

A) acetic acid 
B) palmitic acid 
C) lactic acid 
D) butyric acid 
E) oleic acid 
A) acetic acid 
B) palmitic acid 
C) lactic acid 
D) butyric acid 
E) oleic acid

Question 12

Fats and oils are triesters of glycerol.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The first step in the biochemical breakdown of sugars involves the formation of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) a phosphate ester 
B) a thioester 
C) a conventional ester 
D) glycogen 
E) DNA 
A) a phosphate ester 
B) a thioester 
C) a conventional ester 
D) glycogen 
E) DNA

Question 14

What organic product is formed in the neutralization of benzoic acid?

Accepted Answer

A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) 
  
E) 
  
A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) 
  
E)

Question 15

What is the IUPAC name of the following compound?

Accepted Answer

A) 3-chlorobutanoic acid 
B) 2-chlorobutanoic acid 
C) 2-chloropropanoic acid 
D) 3-chloropropanoic acid 
E) 3-chloro-1-propanoic acid 
A) 3-chlorobutanoic acid 
B) 2-chlorobutanoic acid 
C) 2-chloropropanoic acid 
D) 3-chloropropanoic acid 
E) 3-chloro-1-propanoic acid

Question 16

Which formula best represents the structure of acetic acid when it is dissolved in a basic solution?

Accepted Answer

A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) 
  
E) 
  
A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) 
  
E)

Question 17

Which of the following statements concerning carboxylic acids is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Carboxylic acids are hydrogen ion acceptors. 
B) The functional group of a carboxylic acid is condensed as COOH or CO2H. 
C) Carboxylic acids form strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds. 
D) Carboxylic acids are weak acids. 
E) The water solubility of a carboxylic acid decreases with an increase in the number of carbons in the carbon chain. 
A) Carboxylic acids are hydrogen ion acceptors. 
B) The functional group of a carboxylic acid is condensed as COOH or CO2H. 
C) Carboxylic acids form strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds. 
D) Carboxylic acids are weak acids. 
E) The water solubility of a carboxylic acid decreases with an increase in the number of carbons in the carbon chain.

Question 18

Formic acid is the simplest carboxylic acid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

What is the common name of the following compound?

Accepted Answer

A) β-methylcaproic acid 
B) 2-methylvaleric acid 
C) 3-methylpentanoic acid 
D) γ-methylcaproic acid 
E) β-methylvaleric acid 
A) β-methylcaproic acid 
B) 2-methylvaleric acid 
C) 3-methylpentanoic acid 
D) γ-methylcaproic acid 
E) β-methylvaleric acid

Question 20

What term describes the sodium salt of a long-chain fatty acid?

Accepted Answer

A) esterate 
B) ester 
C) soap 
D) triglyceride 
E) bile salt 
A) esterate 
B) ester 
C) soap 
D) triglyceride 
E) bile salt

Exam 14: Carboxylic Acids and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

What is the condensed formula for the product of the following reaction?

Which statement best explains why propanoic acid boils at a much higher temperature than hexane?

The contents on the bottle of a hand lotion lists octyl palmitate as an ingredient.Based on its name,what type of compound is octyl palmitate?

What is the common name of the acid formed in the following reaction? ethanol ⟶[O]\text { ethanol } \stackrel { [ \mathrm { O } ] } { \longrightarrow } ethanol ⟶[O]​

Which of the following compounds would have the greatest solubility in water?

Soaps tend to form insoluble compounds in the presence of Ca2+ ions.

The reaction shown below between an alcohol and phosphoric acid produces a phosphoester.What is the general structure of a phosphoester?

What two compounds will react to produce hexyl acetate when heated together in the presence of a trace of acid?

What is the name of the ester shown below?

A cyclic ester (lactone)is formed when a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol functional group that is present in the same molecule.Which structure represents the lactone formed in the reaction below?

What is the common name of the carboxylic acid found in rancid butter?

Fats and oils are triesters of glycerol.

The first step in the biochemical breakdown of sugars involves the formation of which of the following?

What organic product is formed in the neutralization of benzoic acid?

What is the IUPAC name of the following compound?

Which formula best represents the structure of acetic acid when it is dissolved in a basic solution?

Which of the following statements concerning carboxylic acids is FALSE?

Formic acid is the simplest carboxylic acid.

What is the common name of the following compound?

What term describes the sodium salt of a long-chain fatty acid?

Chemistry - Methods and Measurement

The Structure of the Atom and the Periodic Table

Structure and Properties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Calculations, chemical Changes, and the Chemical Equation

States of Matter: Gases, liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Energy,rate and Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

The Nucleus, radioactivity, and Nuclear Medicine

An Introduction to Organic Chemistry

The Unsaturated Hydrocarbons: Alkenes, alkynes, and Aromatics

Alcohols, phenols, thiols, and Ethers

Aldehydes and Ketones

Amines and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Their Functions in Biochemical Systems

Protein Structure and Function

Enzymes

Introduction to Molecular Genetics

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Aerobic Respiration and Energy Production

Fatty Acid Metabolism

Filters

What is the common name of the acid formed in the following reaction? $\text { ethanol } \stackrel { [ \mathrm { O } ] } { \longrightarrow }$

Soaps tend to form insoluble compounds in the presence of Ca²⁺ ions.