Question 1

What allows for the transfer of oxygen from the bloodstream of a mother to the bloodstream of fetus?

Accepted Answer

A) There is a partial pressure difference between the O2 of the mother and the O2 of the fetus. 
B) The blood vessels of the fetus are larger than that of the mother. 
C) The hemoglobin of the fetus is different than adults and has a greater affinity for oxygen then the hemoglobin of the mother. 
D) The hemoglobin of the fetus is larger than the hemoglobin of the mother. 
E) The fetus uses myoglobin to carry the oxygen in the blood,the mother uses hemoglobin. 
A) There is a partial pressure difference between the O2 of the mother and the O2 of the fetus. 
B) The blood vessels of the fetus are larger than that of the mother. 
C) The hemoglobin of the fetus is different than adults and has a greater affinity for oxygen then the hemoglobin of the mother. 
D) The hemoglobin of the fetus is larger than the hemoglobin of the mother. 
E) The fetus uses myoglobin to carry the oxygen in the blood,the mother uses hemoglobin.

Question 2

Which of the following is the most abundant protein in the human body?

Accepted Answer

A) immunoglobulins 
B) enzymes 
C) hemoglobin 
D) myoglobin 
E) collagen 
A) immunoglobulins 
B) enzymes 
C) hemoglobin 
D) myoglobin 
E) collagen

Question 3

What type of attractive force is responsible for maintaining the secondary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogen bonds between carbonyl and amino groups of peptide bonds 
B) van der Waals forces between hydrophobic R groups of nonpolar amino acids 
C) salt bridges 
D) S-S bonds between thiol-containing amino acids 
E) None of the choices are correct. 
A) hydrogen bonds between carbonyl and amino groups of peptide bonds 
B) van der Waals forces between hydrophobic R groups of nonpolar amino acids 
C) salt bridges 
D) S-S bonds between thiol-containing amino acids 
E) None of the choices are correct.

Question 4

Genetic coding is responsible for the primary structure of proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the statements concerning protein structure is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) The primary structure of a protein describes the unique sequence of amino acids in the protein chain. 
B) Secondary structure describes the peptide bonds joining the amino acids together in the protein chain. 
C) Tertiary structure describes the overall three dimensional shape of a protein. 
D) Quaternary structure describes the association of two or more polypeptide chains to form one functioning protein unit. 
E) Hydrogen bonding,disulfide bonds,salt bridges,and van der Waals forces are responsible for maintaining the tertiary structure of a protein. 
A) The primary structure of a protein describes the unique sequence of amino acids in the protein chain. 
B) Secondary structure describes the peptide bonds joining the amino acids together in the protein chain. 
C) Tertiary structure describes the overall three dimensional shape of a protein. 
D) Quaternary structure describes the association of two or more polypeptide chains to form one functioning protein unit. 
E) Hydrogen bonding,disulfide bonds,salt bridges,and van der Waals forces are responsible for maintaining the tertiary structure of a protein.

Question 6

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.Which of the following statements concerning amino acids is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) There are 20 different amino acids that occur naturally in human proteins. 
B) The amino acids that make up human proteins are called essential amino acids. 
C) The amino acids present in human proteins are "alpha" amino acids. 
D) Except for glycine,where R=H,amino acids are chiral molecules. 
E) Amino acids are classified by the nature of the side chain R groups that are present. 
A) There are 20 different amino acids that occur naturally in human proteins. 
B) The amino acids that make up human proteins are called essential amino acids. 
C) The amino acids present in human proteins are "alpha" amino acids. 
D) Except for glycine,where R=H,amino acids are chiral molecules. 
E) Amino acids are classified by the nature of the side chain R groups that are present.

Question 7

Consider the following forms of the amino acid alanine (Ala).Which statement concerning these structures is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Structure I represents the form of Ala present in the blood at physiological pH. 
B) Structure II represents the form of Ala present in the basic environment of the intestines. 
C) Structure III represents the form of Ala present in the acidic environment of the stomach. 
D) Structure IV represents the zwitterion of Ala. 
E) None of the statements are false. 
A) Structure I represents the form of Ala present in the blood at physiological pH. 
B) Structure II represents the form of Ala present in the basic environment of the intestines. 
C) Structure III represents the form of Ala present in the acidic environment of the stomach. 
D) Structure IV represents the zwitterion of Ala. 
E) None of the statements are false.

Question 8

Which of the following can denature a protein?

Accepted Answer

A) heat 
B) significant changes in pH 
C) detergents 
D) mechanical agitation 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) heat 
B) significant changes in pH 
C) detergents 
D) mechanical agitation 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 9

Which hydrophobic amino acid contains a sulfur atom in its side chain?

Accepted Answer

A) alanine 
B) valine 
C) phenylalanine 
D) proline 
E) methionine 
A) alanine 
B) valine 
C) phenylalanine 
D) proline 
E) methionine

Question 10

Denaturation of a protein results in the loss of its native conformation and its biological activity.Which of the following best describes what happens when a protein is denatured?

Accepted Answer

A) The primary structure of the protein is altered. 
B) Peptide bonds are broken,and individual amino acids are released. 
C) Secondary,tertiary,or quaternary levels of structure are disrupted. 
D) The N-terminal and C-terminal ends of the protein form their zwitterions. 
E) The N-terminal and C-terminal ends of the protein are hydrolyzed. 
A) The primary structure of the protein is altered. 
B) Peptide bonds are broken,and individual amino acids are released. 
C) Secondary,tertiary,or quaternary levels of structure are disrupted. 
D) The N-terminal and C-terminal ends of the protein form their zwitterions. 
E) The N-terminal and C-terminal ends of the protein are hydrolyzed.

Question 11

The amino acid 5-hydroxylysine is found in collagen.Which of the following represents the structure of this unusual amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV 
E) None of the structures represent 5-hydroxylysine. 
A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV 
E) None of the structures represent 5-hydroxylysine.

Question 12

Proteins are an important nutrient because they provide the elements nitrogen and sulfur,which are not provided by dietary carbohydrates and lipids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

If the pH of a protein solution becomes very low,the protein molecules will become polyanions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which term best describes the relationship between L-alanine and D-alanine?

Accepted Answer

A) enantiomers 
B) constitutional isomers 
C) meso 
D) diastereomer 
E) identical 
A) enantiomers 
B) constitutional isomers 
C) meso 
D) diastereomer 
E) identical

Question 15

What two functional groups characterize the amino acids found in human proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) a carboxylate group and an amino group 
B) an amide group and an amino group 
C) a primary amine group and an aldehyde group 
D) a primary amine group and a ketone group 
E) an amino group and an aldehyde group 
A) a carboxylate group and an amino group 
B) an amide group and an amino group 
C) a primary amine group and an aldehyde group 
D) a primary amine group and a ketone group 
E) an amino group and an aldehyde group

Question 16

What force of attraction gives rise to the α-helix?

Accepted Answer

A) covalent bonding 
B) disulfide bonding 
C) hydrogen bonding 
D) coordinate bonding 
E) London bonding 
A) covalent bonding 
B) disulfide bonding 
C) hydrogen bonding 
D) coordinate bonding 
E) London bonding

Question 17

In the α-helical structure of proteins,how many amino acid residues are there in one complete full turn of the helix?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 3.6 
C) 4 
D) 6 
E) greater than 10 
A) 2 
B) 3.6 
C) 4 
D) 6 
E) greater than 10

Question 18

Hydroxyapatite is a polymer of collagen and minerals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

What level(s)of protein structure is/are created in part by disulfide bridges?

Accepted Answer

A) primary 
B) secondary 
C) tertiary 
D) helical 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) primary 
B) secondary 
C) tertiary 
D) helical 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 20

Which of the statements concerning the peptide shown below is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) It is a tripeptide. 
B) Its primary structure is Gly-Pro-Ser. 
C) There are two peptide bonds. 
D) The carboxyl group of Pro is joined to the amino group of Ser. 
E) The peptide contains only hydrophobic amino acid residues. 
A) It is a tripeptide. 
B) Its primary structure is Gly-Pro-Ser. 
C) There are two peptide bonds. 
D) The carboxyl group of Pro is joined to the amino group of Ser. 
E) The peptide contains only hydrophobic amino acid residues.

Exam 18: Protein Structure and Function

What allows for the transfer of oxygen from the bloodstream of a mother to the bloodstream of fetus?

Which of the following is the most abundant protein in the human body?

What type of attractive force is responsible for maintaining the secondary structure of a protein?

Genetic coding is responsible for the primary structure of proteins.

Which of the statements concerning protein structure is NOT true?

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.Which of the following statements concerning amino acids is FALSE?

Consider the following forms of the amino acid alanine (Ala).Which statement concerning these structures is FALSE?

Which of the following can denature a protein?

Which hydrophobic amino acid contains a sulfur atom in its side chain?

Denaturation of a protein results in the loss of its native conformation and its biological activity.Which of the following best describes what happens when a protein is denatured?

The amino acid 5-hydroxylysine is found in collagen.Which of the following represents the structure of this unusual amino acid?

Proteins are an important nutrient because they provide the elements nitrogen and sulfur,which are not provided by dietary carbohydrates and lipids.

If the pH of a protein solution becomes very low,the protein molecules will become polyanions.

Which term best describes the relationship between L-alanine and D-alanine?

What two functional groups characterize the amino acids found in human proteins?

What force of attraction gives rise to the α-helix?

In the α-helical structure of proteins,how many amino acid residues are there in one complete full turn of the helix?

Hydroxyapatite is a polymer of collagen and minerals.

What level(s)of protein structure is/are created in part by disulfide bridges?

Which of the statements concerning the peptide shown below is FALSE?

Chemistry - Methods and Measurement

The Structure of the Atom and the Periodic Table

Structure and Properties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Calculations, chemical Changes, and the Chemical Equation

States of Matter: Gases, liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Energy,rate and Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

The Nucleus, radioactivity, and Nuclear Medicine

An Introduction to Organic Chemistry

The Unsaturated Hydrocarbons: Alkenes, alkynes, and Aromatics

Alcohols, phenols, thiols, and Ethers

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Amines and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Their Functions in Biochemical Systems

Enzymes

Introduction to Molecular Genetics

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Aerobic Respiration and Energy Production

Fatty Acid Metabolism

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