Exam 17: Neurodevelopmental Disorders

The American Association of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities has taken an alternative approach to categorising intellectual and adaptive impairments.Instead,they have focused on which of the following?

During early development children may also be exposed to toxins which can cause neurological damage resulting in intellectual impairment.One such toxin is lead.Children exposed to high levels of lead have been found to exhibit deficits in IQ scores of up to how many points?

In the UK,the Government's strategy for individuals with special educational needs (SEN)involves:

Down Syndrome can be identified pre-natally in high-risk parents by using a procedure which involves extracting and analysing the pregnant mother's amniotic fluid.This is now a routine procedure for pregnant mothers that is carried out after how many weeks of pregnancy?

Phonological disorder may often be associated with physical causes.Which of the following is not considered to be one of these?

Of those children diagnosed with stuttering,what percentage also has phonological disorder?

Stuttering is a disturbance in the normal fluency and time patterning of speech that is inappropriate for the individual's age.This disturbance involves which of the following?

A UK study looking specifically at the prevalence of IQ scores below 70 suggests a prevalence rate of _______ in school children aged 13-15 years.

A further significant cause of intellectual disability is maternal drug use during pregnancy.For instance,US studies indicate that what percent of pregnant women smoke tobacco?

Examination of the effect of the shift from institutionalised living to living in the community reports improvement of which of the following areas?

When individuals with autistic spectrum disorder fail to comprehend normal mental states,and so are unable to understand or predict the intentions of others,this is known as a lack of:

Specific Learning Disorder is characterised by performance on standardised tests being significantly below that expected for which of the following?

Individuals with autistic spectrum disorder appear to exhibit poor problem solving ability,difficulty planning actions,controlling impulses and attention,and inhibiting inappropriate behaviour,and these deficits are thought to be caused by deficits in:

Down syndrome risk is related to the age of the mother.For women aged over 45 years the risk is:

In 1950,who reported that more than 80% of children with dyslexia also had other family members with the disability?

In utero transmission of HIV can be reduced if the mother is given which of the following?

The main feature of mathematics disorder is that mathematical or arithmetical ability falls significantly short of that expected for the child's chronological age,IQ,and educational history.Individual skills that may be impaired in mathematical disorder are which of the following

Phenylketonuria (PKU)is caused by a deficiency in which of the following liver enzymes?

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)studies of the brains of young children with dyslexia indicate that they show significantly less activation in a number of left hemisphere sites when reading than do non-impaired children.These areas include which of the following?

In the UK,Phenylketonuria (PKU)has an incidence of around 1 in 10,000 live births (NSPKU,2004),and it is estimated that how many people may be carriers of the recessive gene responsible for PKU?