Question 1

How do lateral roots differ from root hairs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lateral roots have a root cap; root hairs do not. 
B)  Lateral roots are formed of many cells; root hairs are a single cell. 
C)  Lateral roots form from the pericycle; root hairs develop in region of maturation. 
D)  Lateral roots may live for many months; root hairs live for a few days. 
E)  All of the above are true. 
A)  Lateral roots have a root cap; root hairs do not. 
B)  Lateral roots are formed of many cells; root hairs are a single cell. 
C)  Lateral roots form from the pericycle; root hairs develop in region of maturation. 
D)  Lateral roots may live for many months; root hairs live for a few days. 
E)  All of the above are true.

Question 2

Monocots, such as grasses, usually have ________ root systems.

Accepted Answer

A)  simple, straight 
B)  taproot 
C)  fibrous 
D)  secondary 
E)  aerial 
A)  simple, straight 
B)  taproot 
C)  fibrous 
D)  secondary 
E)  aerial

Question 3

Liming is used to counteract soil acidity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The region of elongation is characterized by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  root hair production 
B)  development of the root cap 
C)  producing ground meristem 
D)  production of branch roots 
E)  increase in size of cells 
A)  root hair production 
B)  development of the root cap 
C)  producing ground meristem 
D)  production of branch roots 
E)  increase in size of cells

Question 5

Which of the following is a part of the embryo of a seed?

Accepted Answer

A)  root hairs 
B)  radicle 
C)  fibrous roots 
D)  taproot 
E)  adventitious roots 
A)  root hairs 
B)  radicle 
C)  fibrous roots 
D)  taproot 
E)  adventitious roots

Question 6

The most abundant cell type in periderm is

Accepted Answer

A)  parenchyma. 
B)  collenchyma. 
C)  cork. 
D)  vessel elements. 
E)  ray initials. 
A)  parenchyma. 
B)  collenchyma. 
C)  cork. 
D)  vessel elements. 
E)  ray initials.

Question 7

Which soil horizon is the most important agriculturally?

Accepted Answer

A)  A horizon 
B)  B horizon 
C)  C horizon 
D)  D horizon 
E)  both B horizon and C horizon are correct. 
A)  A horizon 
B)  B horizon 
C)  C horizon 
D)  D horizon 
E)  both B horizon and C horizon are correct.

Question 8

Cells of the apical meristem

Accepted Answer

A)  have large vacuoles. 
B)  divide at a fairly steady rate. 
C)  have little to do with the root cap. 
D)  are generally cuboidal in shape. 
E)  have no nuclei. 
A)  have large vacuoles. 
B)  divide at a fairly steady rate. 
C)  have little to do with the root cap. 
D)  are generally cuboidal in shape. 
E)  have no nuclei.

Question 9

Typical root systems form up to ________ of the total dry biomass of a plant.

Accepted Answer

A)  one tenth 
B)  one fifth 
C)  one fourth 
D)  one third 
E)  one half 
A)  one tenth 
B)  one fifth 
C)  one fourth 
D)  one third 
E)  one half

Question 10

Root hairs are prominent in the

Accepted Answer

A)  root cap. 
B)  apical meristem. 
C)  region of elongation. 
D)  root axils. 
E)  region of maturation. 
A)  root cap. 
B)  apical meristem. 
C)  region of elongation. 
D)  root axils. 
E)  region of maturation.

Question 11

Soils in low wet areas tend to contain hardly any organic matter.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Plant root systems can detect and respond to gravity within 30 minutes to a few hours.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Casparian strips are composed primarily of suberin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Clay particles have negative electric charge which tend to retard water drainage and retain positively charged ions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Root hairs

Accepted Answer

A)  are specialized epidermal cells. 
B)  are covered with a waxy cuticle. 
C)  increase the surface area for absorption of water. 
D)  live only one day. 
E)  Both are specialized epidermal cells and increase the surface area for absorption of water are correct. 
A)  are specialized epidermal cells. 
B)  are covered with a waxy cuticle. 
C)  increase the surface area for absorption of water. 
D)  live only one day. 
E)  Both are specialized epidermal cells and increase the surface area for absorption of water are correct.

Question 16

A colloid is a mixture of water and particles that are smaller than average molecules in size.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Branch roots arise from buds initiated on the outer surface of a root.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Mycorrhizae roots are those that

Accepted Answer

A)  have a symbiotic association with fungi. 
B)  have a symbiotic association with nitrogen fixing bacteria. 
C)  contain hyphae of parasitic fungi. 
D)  are above ground roots that serve to support the stem. 
E)  are propagative roots. 
A)  have a symbiotic association with fungi. 
B)  have a symbiotic association with nitrogen fixing bacteria. 
C)  contain hyphae of parasitic fungi. 
D)  are above ground roots that serve to support the stem. 
E)  are propagative roots.

Question 19

Which statement about mycorrhizae is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)  The type of mycorrhizae in which the fungi invade the plant cells is called endotrophic. 
B)  Only the plants benefit from a mycorrhizae association. 
C)  Ectotrophic mycorrhizae do not enter the tree root cells. 
D)  Mycorrhizae benefit both the plants and the fungi.. 
E)  Mycorrhizae are essential for normal growth and development of trees and many herbaceous plants. 
A)  The type of mycorrhizae in which the fungi invade the plant cells is called endotrophic. 
B)  Only the plants benefit from a mycorrhizae association. 
C)  Ectotrophic mycorrhizae do not enter the tree root cells. 
D)  Mycorrhizae benefit both the plants and the fungi.. 
E)  Mycorrhizae are essential for normal growth and development of trees and many herbaceous plants.

Question 20

Which of the following tissues is common in roots but not in stems?

Accepted Answer

A)  endodermis 
B)  parenchyma 
C)  cortex 
D)  epidermis 
E)  pith 
A)  endodermis 
B)  parenchyma 
C)  cortex 
D)  epidermis 
E)  pith

Exam 5: Roots and Soils

How do lateral roots differ from root hairs?

Monocots, such as grasses, usually have ________ root systems.

Liming is used to counteract soil acidity.

The region of elongation is characterized by ________.

Which of the following is a part of the embryo of a seed?

The most abundant cell type in periderm is

Which soil horizon is the most important agriculturally?

Cells of the apical meristem

Typical root systems form up to ________ of the total dry biomass of a plant.

Root hairs are prominent in the

Soils in low wet areas tend to contain hardly any organic matter.

Plant root systems can detect and respond to gravity within 30 minutes to a few hours.

Casparian strips are composed primarily of suberin.

Clay particles have negative electric charge which tend to retard water drainage and retain positively charged ions.

Root hairs

A colloid is a mixture of water and particles that are smaller than average molecules in size.

Branch roots arise from buds initiated on the outer surface of a root.

Mycorrhizae roots are those that

Which statement about mycorrhizae is INCORRECT?

Which of the following tissues is common in roots but not in stems?

What Is Plant Biology

The Nature of Life

Cells

Tissues

Stems

Leaves

Flowers, Fruits, and Seeds

Water in Plants

Plant Metabolism

Growth

Meiosis and Alternation of Generation

Genetics

Plant Breeding and Propagation

Evolution

Plant Names and Classification

Domain Kingdom Bacteria, Domain Kingdom Archaea, and Viruses

Kingdom Protista

Kingdom Fungi

Introduction to the Plant Kingdom: Bryophytes

The Seedless Vascular Plants - Ferns and Their Relatives

Introduction to Seed Plants: Gymnosperms

Seed Plants: Angiosperms

Flowering Plants and Civilization

Ecology

Biomes

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