Question 1

A theory that states that major evolutionary changes have taken place in spurts is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  scientific creationism. 
B)  neo-Darwinism. 
C)  punctuated equilibrium. 
D)  Lamarckianism. 
E)  adaptive radiation. 
A)  scientific creationism. 
B)  neo-Darwinism. 
C)  punctuated equilibrium. 
D)  Lamarckianism. 
E)  adaptive radiation.

Question 2

Natural selection is based on all of the following aspects EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  variation exists within populations. 
B)  the fittest individuals leave the most offspring. 
C)  there is differential reproductive success within populations. 
D)  the mechanism of evolution is the inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
E)  more offspring are produced than can be supported by the resources of the environment. 
A)  variation exists within populations. 
B)  the fittest individuals leave the most offspring. 
C)  there is differential reproductive success within populations. 
D)  the mechanism of evolution is the inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
E)  more offspring are produced than can be supported by the resources of the environment.

Question 3

In modern theories of evolution, which process does NOT play a role in evolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  asexual reproduction 
B)  isolation 
C)  pollination (in seed plants) 
D)  mutation 
E)  formation of zygotes 
A)  asexual reproduction 
B)  isolation 
C)  pollination (in seed plants) 
D)  mutation 
E)  formation of zygotes

Question 4

Survival of the fittest meant to Darwin that those individuals best able to survive a cold winter, for example, would leave less offspring than those organisms that entered a dormant condition in winter.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Changes within chromosomes may occur through which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  deletion 
B)  translocation 
C)  inversion 
D)  a change in one or more nucleotide pairs 
E)  All of these answers are correct. 
A)  deletion 
B)  translocation 
C)  inversion 
D)  a change in one or more nucleotide pairs 
E)  All of these answers are correct.

Question 6

Charles Darwin used the term "natural selection" to contrast the evolutionary process in natural populations with the process of ________ followed by plant (and animal) breeders.

Accepted Answer

A)  artificial selection 
B)  asexual propagation 
C)  grafting 
D)  hybridization 
E)  horticulture 
A)  artificial selection 
B)  asexual propagation 
C)  grafting 
D)  hybridization 
E)  horticulture

Question 7

No permanent change in a population occurs unless there is/are

Accepted Answer

A)  polyploidy. 
B)  inheritable variation. 
C)  mutator genes present. 
D)  introgression. 
E)  absence of dominance in at least one generation. 
A)  polyploidy. 
B)  inheritable variation. 
C)  mutator genes present. 
D)  introgression. 
E)  absence of dominance in at least one generation.

Question 8

Lamarck is best known for his theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The least complex fossils generally are found in the oldest geological strata.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The majority of mutations are favorable to the adaptation of organisms to their environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In the field of evolutionary medicine, researchers apply the process of natural selection to understand, and eventually prevent, the evolution ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  of pathogenic bacteria resistant to all known antibiotics 
B)  and development of new antibiotics 
C)  of sterile techniques in medical labs 
D)  of non-pathogenic bacteria 
E)  None of these answers is correct. 
A)  of pathogenic bacteria resistant to all known antibiotics 
B)  and development of new antibiotics 
C)  of sterile techniques in medical labs 
D)  of non-pathogenic bacteria 
E)  None of these answers is correct.

Question 12

Apomixis requires a special form of meiosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Approximately half of present-day plant species are believed to have originated in the past by which of the following events?

Accepted Answer

A)  the proliferation of recessive genes 
B)  an increase in organismal sterility 
C)  ultraviolet radiation 
D)  polyploidy 
E)  None of these answers is correct. 
A)  the proliferation of recessive genes 
B)  an increase in organismal sterility 
C)  ultraviolet radiation 
D)  polyploidy 
E)  None of these answers is correct.

Question 14

Permanent change in a given plant population does not occur unless

Accepted Answer

A)  inheritable variation develops. 
B)  the plants are pruned. 
C)  the plants are fertilized. 
D)  hormones are applied to the plants. 
E)  there are major climatic changes. 
A)  inheritable variation develops. 
B)  the plants are pruned. 
C)  the plants are fertilized. 
D)  hormones are applied to the plants. 
E)  there are major climatic changes.

Question 15

Evolutionary biology provides the framework that links the different areas in biological science because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  it explains the unity of life 
B)  it explains the diversity of life 
C)  it allows biologists to understand how change occurs at the molecular level 
D)  it allows biologists to explain the origin and function at the ecosystem level 
E)  All of the answer choices explain the central role of evolution in biological science. 
A)  it explains the unity of life 
B)  it explains the diversity of life 
C)  it allows biologists to understand how change occurs at the molecular level 
D)  it allows biologists to explain the origin and function at the ecosystem level 
E)  All of the answer choices explain the central role of evolution in biological science.

Question 16

Analogous features such as spines and fleshy stems of American cacti and African euphorbias are examples of ________, adaptation to similar environmental conditions.

Accepted Answer

A)  common ancestry 
B)  convergent evolution 
C)  reproductive isolation by polyploidy 
D)  sympatric speciation 
E)  post-zygotic barrier leading to reproductive isolation 
A)  common ancestry 
B)  convergent evolution 
C)  reproductive isolation by polyploidy 
D)  sympatric speciation 
E)  post-zygotic barrier leading to reproductive isolation

Question 17

Charles Darwin's voyage aboard HMS Beagle took

Accepted Answer

A)  one year. 
B)  two years. 
C)  three years. 
D)  four years. 
E)  five years. 
A)  one year. 
B)  two years. 
C)  three years. 
D)  four years. 
E)  five years.

Question 18

A person who repeatedly is exposed to direct sunlight, and therefore has a darker skin, will produce offspring with darker skin. This illustrates the theory of

Accepted Answer

A)  natural selection. 
B)  inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
C)  convergent evolution. 
D)  incomplete dominance. 
E)  speciation. 
A)  natural selection. 
B)  inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
C)  convergent evolution. 
D)  incomplete dominance. 
E)  speciation.

Question 19

When a piece of one chromosome becomes attached to another, it is called translocation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Hybridization between two closely related species followed by doubling of all sets of chromosomes results in a/an ________ that is ________. [first word fills in the first blank; second word, the second blank.]

Accepted Answer

A)  allopolyploid; sterile 
B)  autopolyploid; fertile 
C)  allopolyploid; fertile 
D)  autopolyploid; sterile 
E)  triploid; sterile 
A)  allopolyploid; sterile 
B)  autopolyploid; fertile 
C)  allopolyploid; fertile 
D)  autopolyploid; sterile 
E)  triploid; sterile

Exam 15: Evolution

A theory that states that major evolutionary changes have taken place in spurts is referred to as

Natural selection is based on all of the following aspects EXCEPT

In modern theories of evolution, which process does NOT play a role in evolution?

Survival of the fittest meant to Darwin that those individuals best able to survive a cold winter, for example, would leave less offspring than those organisms that entered a dormant condition in winter.

Changes within chromosomes may occur through which of the following?

Charles Darwin used the term "natural selection" to contrast the evolutionary process in natural populations with the process of ________ followed by plant (and animal) breeders.

No permanent change in a population occurs unless there is/are

Lamarck is best known for his theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics.

The least complex fossils generally are found in the oldest geological strata.

The majority of mutations are favorable to the adaptation of organisms to their environment.

In the field of evolutionary medicine, researchers apply the process of natural selection to understand, and eventually prevent, the evolution ________.

Apomixis requires a special form of meiosis.

Approximately half of present-day plant species are believed to have originated in the past by which of the following events?

Permanent change in a given plant population does not occur unless

Evolutionary biology provides the framework that links the different areas in biological science because ________.

Analogous features such as spines and fleshy stems of American cacti and African euphorbias are examples of ________, adaptation to similar environmental conditions.

Charles Darwin's voyage aboard HMS Beagle took

A person who repeatedly is exposed to direct sunlight, and therefore has a darker skin, will produce offspring with darker skin. This illustrates the theory of

When a piece of one chromosome becomes attached to another, it is called translocation.

Hybridization between two closely related species followed by doubling of all sets of chromosomes results in a/an ________ that is ________. [first word fills in the first blank; second word, the second blank.]

What Is Plant Biology

The Nature of Life

Cells

Tissues

Roots and Soils

Stems

Leaves

Flowers, Fruits, and Seeds

Water in Plants

Plant Metabolism

Growth

Meiosis and Alternation of Generation

Genetics

Plant Breeding and Propagation

Plant Names and Classification

Domain Kingdom Bacteria, Domain Kingdom Archaea, and Viruses

Kingdom Protista

Kingdom Fungi

Introduction to the Plant Kingdom: Bryophytes

The Seedless Vascular Plants - Ferns and Their Relatives

Introduction to Seed Plants: Gymnosperms

Seed Plants: Angiosperms

Flowering Plants and Civilization

Ecology

Biomes

Filters

Hybridization between two closely related species followed by doubling of all sets of chromosomes results in a/an that is . [first word fills in the first blank; second word, the second blank.]