Exam 2: Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research

External validity is enhanced when results generalize across different people. __________ research is especially useful for this purpose.

Observational research allows a researcher to __________.

One main reason why social psychologists may elect to use deception in their studies is that it __________.

Many times in social psychological research, it is often the case that when internal validity is high, there is a trade-off, and __________ is low.

According to the authors, Kurt Lewin once wrote, "There is nothing so practical as a good theory." By that, Lewin was referring to the idea that __________.

When a researcher examines several replications of a phenomenon, he would be most likely to examine these data using the statistical technique of __________.

Knowing the experiment's purpose can alter participants' behavior. This is a major problem with __________.

What do observational and correlational research have in common?

Wendy wants to study how easily people make friends. She assigns people to talk with a stranger for either five minutes or ten minutes, and assigns people who are more outgoing to the "five-minute" condition, and shy people to the "ten-minute" condition. Which of the following is the threat to the internal validity in this study?

In 200 years, after watching our TV commercials and Internet advertising, it is possible that researchers will conclude that we had all sorts of medical problems and only ate food in our cars. These conclusions would be based on __________ research.

Researchers Baron and Straus (1984) found a positive correlation between the number of sexually explicit magazines sold in different states and the number of reported rapes in each of those states. They refrained from concluding that exposure to pornography caused men to rape because of the potential influence of a third variable. Which of the following might constitute that third variable?

A researcher has recorded that, in the classroom, girls are more likely than boys to ask questions during a lesson. This researcher most likely employed a(n) __________ research method.

Which of the following factors was NOT necessary to ensure the internal validity of the Latané and Darley "seizure" study described in the text?

A psychologist first conducted a study on helping behavior with a sample of college undergraduates. This psychologist then replicated the study using the same procedure with a different participant sample. If similar results were obtained with both samples, this experimenter has demonstrated __________.

In reading descriptions of the behaviors of the New York University students who participated in Latané and Darley's (1968) experiment on bystander intervention, you wonder whether a similar study conducted in Tokyo in 1968 would have yielded the same results as those participants from NYU. In essence, your question is, "Will these results generalize across __________?"

One reason it is important to examine cultural influences on social psychological processes is that __________.