Exam 4: Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People

Eva and her roommate haven't been getting along lately. Every time Eva enters the room, her roommate looks away and turns her body so that her back is to Eva. This example best illustrates the use of nonverbal behavior to __________.

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Question 1

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Researchers have found that couples who are happy in their marriages make very different attributions for their partners' behaviors than couples who are unhappy. Specifically, couples in happy marriages make , while couples in unhappy marriages make .

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Question 2

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Darwin (1872) proposed that facial expressions acquire evolutionary significance. Research has demonstrated that one emotion is more easily decoded in the faces of women while another is more easily decoded in the faces of men. Explain why the ability to decode these emotions would contribute to an early human's ability to survive and pass along that ability to offspring.

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Question 3

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Happiness is more easily decoded in the faces of women, and anger is more easily decoded in the faces of men. Knowing that her partner is angry would be a useful skill for a female. She would know better when to approach him for things she needs, to ask for assistance, and to initiate sexual activity. Also, for males, knowing when his partner is happy would assist him with knowing when his sexual advances might be welcome and when her and the children's needs were fulfilled. All of these would increase the chance of procreation and the survival of offspring, making the ability more likely to be passed along as well.

"Blaming the victim" of rape, abuse, or other misfortunes is most closely related to __________.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 4

Hedden and his colleagues (2008) examined the brain activity of East Asians and European Americans while they underwent an fMRI. They found that Americans had more brain activity when they were told to pay attention to the box around the line than when they paid attention to the line. Why was there greater brain activity in this condition?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 5

Peter's expression when Jan saw him at lunch was difficult to decode. One part of his face registered one emotion and another part of his face registered a different emotion. Therefore, Peter was demonstrating __________.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 6

Ingrid has had a few interactions with Chinese students at her college and thinks that they are "hard to read" because they do not use facial expressions "clearly" as compared to Americans she interacts with. Such experiences illustrate __________.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 7

The fundamental attribution error occurs more often in __________ cultures.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 8

The primacy effect involves using the __________ traits we perceive in others to understand additional information we learn about them.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 9

Manaka is from Japan and just won a gold medal at the Olympics. When interviewed about what she thinks contributed to her success, she is most likely to answer, __________.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 10

According to the authors of your text, how people communicate-intentionally or unintentionally-without words is the definition of __________.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 11

"You reap what you sow," goes the old adage. This saying is most compatible with the social psychological concept of __________.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 12

Milo, a Canadian, just won his race. He is likely to show pride, but it is a more complicated emotion to express than the universal expressions and includes body movement in addition to facial expression. What is Milo going to need to include in order to express pride?

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Question 13

Larry believes that Chris contributed to getting raped by wearing a skirt and tank top to a party. He also believes that a battered woman in his hometown is probably responsible for the abuse. This way of thinking represents Larry's __________.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 14

Even if an observer has information about an actor's situation available, why might the observer still be likely to commit the fundamental attribution error?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 15

Ekman and Friesen (1971) have identified __________ universal facial expressions in their research.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 16

Recall that even when participants in an experiment conducted by Jones and Harris (1967) were told that people were assigned to write an essay sympathetic to Cuban dictator Fidel Castro, they still were willing to assume that the essay reflected the writer's true "pro-Castro" attitudes. In this experiment, how could people have avoided the fundamental attribution error?

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Question 17

When people make internal attributions for their successes and external attributions for their failures in order to protect their self-esteem, they are making __________.

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Question 18

Sebastian sits behind Mark in economics class. One day, an argument starts between Mark and the professor. When asked who he thought was responsible for the argument, who will Sebastian say is more responsible for the argument?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 19

According to the authors of your text, individuals from a(n) __________ culture would be less likely to express feelings of shame in public.

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Question 20

Showing 1 - 20 of 196

Eva and her roommate haven't been getting along lately. Every time Eva enters the room, her roommate looks away and turns her body so that her back is to Eva. This example best illustrates the use of nonverbal behavior to __________.

Researchers have found that couples who are happy in their marriages make very different attributions for their partners' behaviors than couples who are unhappy. Specifically, couples in happy marriages make , while couples in unhappy marriages make .

"Blaming the victim" of rape, abuse, or other misfortunes is most closely related to __________.

Peter's expression when Jan saw him at lunch was difficult to decode. One part of his face registered one emotion and another part of his face registered a different emotion. Therefore, Peter was demonstrating __________.

Ingrid has had a few interactions with Chinese students at her college and thinks that they are "hard to read" because they do not use facial expressions "clearly" as compared to Americans she interacts with. Such experiences illustrate __________.

The fundamental attribution error occurs more often in __________ cultures.

The primacy effect involves using the __________ traits we perceive in others to understand additional information we learn about them.

Manaka is from Japan and just won a gold medal at the Olympics. When interviewed about what she thinks contributed to her success, she is most likely to answer, __________.

According to the authors of your text, how people communicate-intentionally or unintentionally-without words is the definition of __________.

"You reap what you sow," goes the old adage. This saying is most compatible with the social psychological concept of __________.

Milo, a Canadian, just won his race. He is likely to show pride, but it is a more complicated emotion to express than the universal expressions and includes body movement in addition to facial expression. What is Milo going to need to include in order to express pride?

Larry believes that Chris contributed to getting raped by wearing a skirt and tank top to a party. He also believes that a battered woman in his hometown is probably responsible for the abuse. This way of thinking represents Larry's __________.

Even if an observer has information about an actor's situation available, why might the observer still be likely to commit the fundamental attribution error?

Ekman and Friesen (1971) have identified __________ universal facial expressions in their research.

When people make internal attributions for their successes and external attributions for their failures in order to protect their self-esteem, they are making __________.

Sebastian sits behind Mark in economics class. One day, an argument starts between Mark and the professor. When asked who he thought was responsible for the argument, who will Sebastian say is more responsible for the argument?

According to the authors of your text, individuals from a(n) __________ culture would be less likely to express feelings of shame in public.

Introducing Social Psychology

Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research

Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

Cognitive Dissonance and the Need to Protect Our Self-Esteem

Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings

Conformity and Obedience: Influencing Behavior

Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Attraction and Relationships: From Initial Impressions to Long-Term Intimacy

Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People Can We Prevent It

Prejudice: Causes, Consequences, and Cures

Using Social Psychology to Achieve a Sustainable and Happy Future

Social Psychology and Health

Social Psychology and the Law

Filters

Exam 4: Social Perception: How We Come to Understand Other People

Eva and her roommate haven't been getting along lately. Every time Eva enters the room, her roommate looks away and turns her body so that her back is to Eva. This example best illustrates the use of nonverbal behavior to __________.

Researchers have found that couples who are happy in their marriages make very different attributions for their partners' behaviors than couples who are unhappy. Specifically, couples in happy marriages make __________, while couples in unhappy marriages make __________.

"Blaming the victim" of rape, abuse, or other misfortunes is most closely related to __________.

Peter's expression when Jan saw him at lunch was difficult to decode. One part of his face registered one emotion and another part of his face registered a different emotion. Therefore, Peter was demonstrating __________.

Ingrid has had a few interactions with Chinese students at her college and thinks that they are "hard to read" because they do not use facial expressions "clearly" as compared to Americans she interacts with. Such experiences illustrate __________.

The fundamental attribution error occurs more often in __________ cultures.

The primacy effect involves using the __________ traits we perceive in others to understand additional information we learn about them.

Manaka is from Japan and just won a gold medal at the Olympics. When interviewed about what she thinks contributed to her success, she is most likely to answer, __________.

According to the authors of your text, how people communicate-intentionally or unintentionally-without words is the definition of __________.

"You reap what you sow," goes the old adage. This saying is most compatible with the social psychological concept of __________.

Milo, a Canadian, just won his race. He is likely to show pride, but it is a more complicated emotion to express than the universal expressions and includes body movement in addition to facial expression. What is Milo going to need to include in order to express pride?

Larry believes that Chris contributed to getting raped by wearing a skirt and tank top to a party. He also believes that a battered woman in his hometown is probably responsible for the abuse. This way of thinking represents Larry's __________.

Even if an observer has information about an actor's situation available, why might the observer still be likely to commit the fundamental attribution error?

Ekman and Friesen (1971) have identified __________ universal facial expressions in their research.

When people make internal attributions for their successes and external attributions for their failures in order to protect their self-esteem, they are making __________.

Sebastian sits behind Mark in economics class. One day, an argument starts between Mark and the professor. When asked who he thought was responsible for the argument, who will Sebastian say is more responsible for the argument?

According to the authors of your text, individuals from a(n) __________ culture would be less likely to express feelings of shame in public.

Introducing Social Psychology

Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research

Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

Cognitive Dissonance and the Need to Protect Our Self-Esteem

Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings

Conformity and Obedience: Influencing Behavior

Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Attraction and Relationships: From Initial Impressions to Long-Term Intimacy

Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help

Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People Can We Prevent It

Prejudice: Causes, Consequences, and Cures

Using Social Psychology to Achieve a Sustainable and Happy Future

Social Psychology and Health

Social Psychology and the Law

Filters

Researchers have found that couples who are happy in their marriages make very different attributions for their partners' behaviors than couples who are unhappy. Specifically, couples in happy marriages make , while couples in unhappy marriages make .