Exam 1: The Sociological Perspective

Personal troubles are solved at the individual level and within one's own immediate social settings. Which of the following would be an example of an individual solution to student credit card debt?

Many of the nations of Africa and Asia,particularly India and the People's Republic of China where people typically work the land,are examples of______________countries.

Symbols are instrumental in helping people derive meanings from social situations.In social encounters,each person's interpretation or definition of a given situation becomes a subjective reality from that person's viewpoint.

French philosopher______________is credited with having coined the term sociology to describe a new science that would engage in the study of society.

The world's______________countries are nations with highly industrialized economies;technologically advanced industrial,administrative,and service occupations;and relatively high levels of national and personal income.

______________ is demonstrated by scorecards that allow lenders to score potential borrowers based on prior statistics of other people's performance in paying their bills.

According to______________Theory of General Evolution,society,like a biological organism,has various interdependent parts (such as the family,the economy,and the government)that work to ensure the stability and survival of the entire society.

Stephanie is the personnel director for a large corporation.She has decided to give prospective employees a test that will measure the individual's problem­solving abilities.To acquire this test,Stephanie is likely to call a(n):

The______________approach directs attention to women's experiences and the importance of gender as an element of social structure.

In France,the Enlightenment was dominated by a group of thinkers referred to collectively as the philosophes.For the most part,these men were optimistic about the future,believing that human society could be improved through:

Trace the historical development of sociology from its beginnings in the 19^th century to its growth as an academic discipline in the United States.

According to Max Weber,______________is the process by which the modern world has come to be increasingly dominated by structures devoted to efficiency,calculability,predictability,and technological control.

The world's______________countries are primarily agrarian nations with little industrialization and low levels of national and personal income.

______________ refers to the biological and anatomical differences between females and males.

In regards to the early thinkers,discuss the major contributions of the following individuals to the field of sociology: Auguste Comte,Harriet Martineau,Herbert Spencer,and Emile Durkheim.

______________ is the process by which an increasing proportion of a population lives in cities rather than in rural areas.

Who referred to consumption as the "see-want-borrow-buy" process?

In the twenty-first century,we are facing difficult economic times.Define and give examples of alienation as defined by Marx and discuss how this concept may be preventing individuals from reacting at a group level.

Urbanization is the process by which societies are transformed from dependence on agriculture and handmade products to an emphasis on manufacturing and related industries.

C.Wright Mills used the term "______________" in referring to a small clique composed of the top corporate,political,and military officials.