Exam 13: The Economy and Work in Global Perspective

Job satisfaction refers to people's attitudes toward their work based on their job responsibilities, the organizational structure in which they work,and their individual needs and values.

The______________is the percentage of unemployed persons in the labor force actively seeking jobs.

The Great Recession will have lasting effects on our economy as nearly______________percent of workers who found employment after losing their jobs took a step down or took a job that paid less money.

The institution of slavery,which came about largely as a result of the demand for cheap agricultural labor,was a major force in the exploitation of many people of color,but it was particularly the women of color who suffered a double burden of oppression in the form of both sexism and racism.

______________ are categories of jobs that involve similar activities at different work sites.

Urbanization brought about sweeping changes to the system of production and distribution of goods and services.In postindustrial economies,work becomes specialized and repetitive,activities become bureaucratically organized,and workers primarily worked with machines instead of with one another.

Describe in detail unemployment in the United States.

______________ are tangible objects that are necessary (such as food,clothing,and shelter)or desired (such as DVDs and electric toothbrushes).

Ideally,professionals go beyond their self-interest or personal comfort so that they can help a patient or client.This illustrates the______________of professions.

Compare the sociological perspective on the economy with the study of economics.

The______________is made up of a wide variety of activities through which people make money that they do not report to the government and,in some cases,their endeavors may involve criminal behavior.

Interlocking directorates increase competition by producing dependence.Individuals who serve on multiple boards are often able to forge cooperative arrangements that benefit their corporations,but not necessarily the general public.

In their individual and collective struggles to improve their work environment and gain some measure of control over their work-related activities,workers have used a number of methods to resist workplace alienation.Many have joined______________to gain strength through collective action.

______________ refers to an economic and political system that combines private ownership of some of the means of production,governmental distribution of some essential goods and services,and free elections.

Define socialism and describe its major characteristics.

Apply the conflict perspective to economy and work in the United States.

The majority of U.S.jobs are in the tertiary employment sector.

Describe socialism from the contemporary world economic system perspective.

In advanced monopoly capitalism,profits have become even more concentrated.Although some people own some stock,they do not own control;in other words,they are unable to participate in establishing the policies that determine the size of the profit or the rate of return on investments.

A postindustrial economy is based on______________production,which is the provision of services rather than goods as a primary source of livelihood for workers and profit for owners and corporate shareholders.