Question 1

Why does ice float in liquid water?

Accepted Answer

A) The high surface tension of liquid water keeps the ice on top. 
B) The ionic bonds between the molecules in ice prevent the ice from sinking. 
C) Ice always has air bubbles that keep it afloat. 
D) Hydrogen bonds stabilize and keep the water molecules of ice farther apart than the water molecules of liquid water. 
E) The crystalline lattice of ice causes it to be denser than liquid water. 
A) The high surface tension of liquid water keeps the ice on top. 
B) The ionic bonds between the molecules in ice prevent the ice from sinking. 
C) Ice always has air bubbles that keep it afloat. 
D) Hydrogen bonds stabilize and keep the water molecules of ice farther apart than the water molecules of liquid water. 
E) The crystalline lattice of ice causes it to be denser than liquid water.

Question 2

One liter of a solution of pH 8 has how many more hydroxyl ions (OH-)than 1 L of a solution of pH 4?

Accepted Answer

A) 5 times more 
B) 32 times more 
C) 50,000 times more 
D) 10,000 times more 
E) 100,000 times more 
A) 5 times more 
B) 32 times more 
C) 50,000 times more 
D) 10,000 times more 
E) 100,000 times more

Question 3

Increased atmospheric CO2 concentrations will have what effect on seawater?

Accepted Answer

A) Seawater will become more acidic,and bicarbonate concentrations will decrease. 
B) Seawater will become more alkaline,and carbonate concentrations will decrease. 
C) There will be no change in the pH of seawater because carbonate will turn to bicarbonate. 
D) Seawater will become more acidic,and carbonate concentrations will decrease. 
A) Seawater will become more acidic,and bicarbonate concentrations will decrease. 
B) Seawater will become more alkaline,and carbonate concentrations will decrease. 
C) There will be no change in the pH of seawater because carbonate will turn to bicarbonate. 
D) Seawater will become more acidic,and carbonate concentrations will decrease.

Question 4

Which of the atoms shown would be most likely to form a cation with a charge of +1?

Accepted Answer

A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) 
  
E) 
  
A) 
  
B) 
  
C) 
  
D) 
  
E)

Question 5

If acid rain has lowered the pH of a particular lake to pH 4.0,which of the following statements about this lake is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The hydrogen ion concentration is 1 × 10-10 moles per liter of lake water. 
B) The hydrogen ion concentration is 4.0 moles per liter of lake water. 
C) The hydrogen ion concentration is 1 × 104 moles per liter of lake water. 
D) The hydroxyl ion concentration is 1 × 10-10 moles per liter of lake water. 
E) The hydroxyl ion concentration is 1 × 10-4 moles per liter of lake water. 
A) The hydrogen ion concentration is 1 × 10-10 moles per liter of lake water. 
B) The hydrogen ion concentration is 4.0 moles per liter of lake water. 
C) The hydrogen ion concentration is 1 × 104 moles per liter of lake water. 
D) The hydroxyl ion concentration is 1 × 10-10 moles per liter of lake water. 
E) The hydroxyl ion concentration is 1 × 10-4 moles per liter of lake water.

Question 6

Figure 2.8
-How many grams would be equal to 1 mol of the compound shown in Figure 2.8?
(carbon = 12,oxygen = 16,hydrogen = 1)

Accepted Answer

A) 29 
B) 30 
C) 60 
D) 150 
E) 342 
A) 29 
B) 30 
C) 60 
D) 150 
E) 342

Question 7

How many glucose molecules are contained in one liter of a 0.1 M solution of glucose in water?

Accepted Answer

A) 6)02 × 1023 
B) 3)01 × 1023 
C) 6)02 × 1024 
D) 12.04 × 1023 
E) 6)02 × 1022 
A) 6)02 × 1023 
B) 3)01 × 1023 
C) 6)02 × 1024 
D) 12.04 × 1023 
E) 6)02 × 1022

Question 8

A beaker contains 100 mL of NaOH solution at pH = 13.A technician carefully pours into the beaker 10 mL of HCl at pH = 1.Which of the following statements correctly describes the results of this mixing?

Accepted Answer

A) The concentration of Na+ ion will rise. 
B) The concentration of Cl- ion will be 0.1 M. 
C) The concentration of undissociated H2O molecules will remain unchanged. 
D) The pH of the beaker's contents will be neutral. 
E) The pH of the beaker's contents will decrease. 
A) The concentration of Na+ ion will rise. 
B) The concentration of Cl- ion will be 0.1 M. 
C) The concentration of undissociated H2O molecules will remain unchanged. 
D) The pH of the beaker's contents will be neutral. 
E) The pH of the beaker's contents will decrease.

Question 9

The molar mass of glucose is 180 g/mol.Which of the following procedures should you carry out to make a 1 M solution of glucose?

Accepted Answer

A) Dissolve 1 g of glucose in 1 L of water. 
B) Dissolve 180 g of glucose in 1 L of water. 
C) Dissolve 180 g of glucose in 180 g of water. 
D) Dissolve 180 milligrams (mg)of glucose in 1 L of water. 
E) Dissolve 180 g of glucose in 0.8 L of water,and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L. 
A) Dissolve 1 g of glucose in 1 L of water. 
B) Dissolve 180 g of glucose in 1 L of water. 
C) Dissolve 180 g of glucose in 180 g of water. 
D) Dissolve 180 milligrams (mg)of glucose in 1 L of water. 
E) Dissolve 180 g of glucose in 0.8 L of water,and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L.

Question 10

One mole (mol)of glucose (molecular mass = 180 daltons)is

Accepted Answer

A) 180 × 1023 molecules of glucose. 
B) 1 kg of glucose dissolved in 1 L of solution. 
C) the largest amount of glucose that can be dissolved in 1 L of solution. 
D) 180 grams of glucose. 
E) 180 grams of glucose dissolved in 1 L of solution. 
A) 180 × 1023 molecules of glucose. 
B) 1 kg of glucose dissolved in 1 L of solution. 
C) the largest amount of glucose that can be dissolved in 1 L of solution. 
D) 180 grams of glucose. 
E) 180 grams of glucose dissolved in 1 L of solution.

Question 11

The left-to-right position of an element in the first three rows of the periodic table indicates which of the following properties of the element?

Accepted Answer

A) the total number of electrons in the element 
B) the total number of protons in the element 
C) the total number of neutrons in the element 
D) the number of electron orbitals in the element 
E) the number of electrons in the valence shell 
A) the total number of electrons in the element 
B) the total number of protons in the element 
C) the total number of neutrons in the element 
D) the number of electron orbitals in the element 
E) the number of electrons in the valence shell

Question 12

The attraction between the slight negative charge of one water molecule to the slight positive charge of another water molecule results in which of the following interactions?

Accepted Answer

A) a covalent bond 
B) a hydrogen bond 
C) an ionic bond 
D) a hydrophilic bond 
E) a van der Waals interaction 
A) a covalent bond 
B) a hydrogen bond 
C) an ionic bond 
D) a hydrophilic bond 
E) a van der Waals interaction

Question 13

Glucose has a molecular mass of 180 g/mol.How many glucose molecules are present in 100 grams of glucose?

Accepted Answer

A) 100 × 1023 
B) (6.02/180)× 1023 
C) (6.02/100)× 1023 
D) (100 × 6.02)× 1023 
E) (100/180)× 6.02 × 1023 
A) 100 × 1023 
B) (6.02/180)× 1023 
C) (6.02/100)× 1023 
D) (100 × 6.02)× 1023 
E) (100/180)× 6.02 × 1023

Question 14

Which of the following correctly describes any reaction that has reached chemical equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

A) The concentration of the reactants equals the concentration of the products. 
B) The rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction. 
C) All of the reactants have been converted to the products of the reaction. 
D) All of the products have been converted to the reactants of the reaction. 
A) The concentration of the reactants equals the concentration of the products. 
B) The rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction. 
C) All of the reactants have been converted to the products of the reaction. 
D) All of the products have been converted to the reactants of the reaction.

Question 15

Figure 2.6
-What is the atomic number of the cation formed in the reaction illustrated in Figure 2.6?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 8 
C) 10 
D) 11 
E) 16 
A) 1 
B) 8 
C) 10 
D) 11 
E) 16

Question 16

If a salamander clings to surfaces through hydrogen bonds,it would have the most difficulty clinging to which of the following surfaces?

Accepted Answer

A) a surface coated with a thin film of water 
B) a surface coated with a thin film of vinegar (acetic acid) 
C) a surface coated with a thin film of vegetable oil 
D) a surface coated with a thin film of ammonia (NH3) 
A) a surface coated with a thin film of water 
B) a surface coated with a thin film of vinegar (acetic acid) 
C) a surface coated with a thin film of vegetable oil 
D) a surface coated with a thin film of ammonia (NH3)

Question 17

How many molecules of glycerol (C3H8O3;molecular mass = 92)are present in 0.5 L of a 1 M glycerol solution?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 × 1023 
B) 0)5 × 6.02 × 1023 
C) 92/2 × 6.02 × 1023 
D) 0)5 × 6.02/92 × 1023 
E) 6)02 × 1023 
A) 1 × 1023 
B) 0)5 × 6.02 × 1023 
C) 92/2 × 6.02 × 1023 
D) 0)5 × 6.02/92 × 1023 
E) 6)02 × 1023

Question 18

How many electron pairs are shared between the two carbon atoms in a molecule that has the formula C2H6?

Accepted Answer

A) 0 
B) 1 
C) 2 
D) 3 
E) 4 
A) 0 
B) 1 
C) 2 
D) 3 
E) 4

Question 19

Figure 2.5
Figure 2.5 shows a representation of formic acid.A formic acid molecule

Accepted Answer

A) will dissociate in water,thus increasing the pH. 
B) will dissociate in water,thus decreasing the pH. 
C) contains primarily nonpolar covalent bonds. 
D) has a tetrahedral shape. 
A) will dissociate in water,thus increasing the pH. 
B) will dissociate in water,thus decreasing the pH. 
C) contains primarily nonpolar covalent bonds. 
D) has a tetrahedral shape.

Question 20

Measurements show that the pH of a particular lake is 4.0.What is the hydrogen ion concentration of the lake?

Accepted Answer

A) 4.0 M 
B) 10−4 M 
C) 104 M 
D) 10−10 M 
A) 4.0 M 
B) 10−4 M 
C) 104 M 
D) 10−10 M

Exam 2: The Chemical Context of Life

Why does ice float in liquid water?

One liter of a solution of pH 8 has how many more hydroxyl ions (OH-)than 1 L of a solution of pH 4?

Increased atmospheric CO2 concentrations will have what effect on seawater?

Which of the atoms shown would be most likely to form a cation with a charge of +1?

If acid rain has lowered the pH of a particular lake to pH 4.0,which of the following statements about this lake is true?

Figure 2.8 -How many grams would be equal to 1 mol of the compound shown in Figure 2.8? (carbon = 12,oxygen = 16,hydrogen = 1)

How many glucose molecules are contained in one liter of a 0.1 M solution of glucose in water?

A beaker contains 100 mL of NaOH solution at pH = 13.A technician carefully pours into the beaker 10 mL of HCl at pH = 1.Which of the following statements correctly describes the results of this mixing?

The molar mass of glucose is 180 g/mol.Which of the following procedures should you carry out to make a 1 M solution of glucose?

One mole (mol)of glucose (molecular mass = 180 daltons)is

The left-to-right position of an element in the first three rows of the periodic table indicates which of the following properties of the element?

The attraction between the slight negative charge of one water molecule to the slight positive charge of another water molecule results in which of the following interactions?

Glucose has a molecular mass of 180 g/mol.How many glucose molecules are present in 100 grams of glucose?

Which of the following correctly describes any reaction that has reached chemical equilibrium?

Figure 2.6 -What is the atomic number of the cation formed in the reaction illustrated in Figure 2.6?

If a salamander clings to surfaces through hydrogen bonds,it would have the most difficulty clinging to which of the following surfaces?

How many molecules of glycerol (C3H8O3;molecular mass = 92)are present in 0.5 L of a 1 M glycerol solution?

How many electron pairs are shared between the two carbon atoms in a molecule that has the formula C2H6?

Figure 2.5 Figure 2.5 shows a representation of formic acid.A formic acid molecule

Measurements show that the pH of a particular lake is 4.0.What is the hydrogen ion concentration of the lake?

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development,stem Cells,and Cancer

Viruses

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

Broad Patterns of Evolution

Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Plant Structure and Growth

Resource Acquisition,nutrition,and Transport in Vascular Plants

Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Neurons,synapses,and Signaling

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems and Energy

Conservation Biology and Global Change

Filters

One liter of a solution of pH 8 has how many more hydroxyl ions (OH^-)than 1 L of a solution of pH 4?

Increased atmospheric CO₂ concentrations will have what effect on seawater?

How many molecules of glycerol (C₃H₈O_3;molecular mass = 92)are present in 0.5 L of a 1 M glycerol solution?

How many electron pairs are shared between the two carbon atoms in a molecule that has the formula C₂H₆?