Question 1

The light reactions of photosynthesis supply the Calvin cycle with

Accepted Answer

A) light energy. 
B) C and ATP. 
C) O2 and NADPH. 
D) ATP and NADPH. 
A) light energy. 
B) C and ATP. 
C) O2 and NADPH. 
D) ATP and NADPH.

Question 2

What are the products of linear electron flow?

Accepted Answer

A) heat and fluorescence 
B) ATP and water 
C) ATP and NADPH 
D) ADP and NADP+ 
A) heat and fluorescence 
B) ATP and water 
C) ATP and NADPH 
D) ADP and NADP+

Question 3

In C3 photosynthesis,the reactions that require ATP take place in

Accepted Answer

A) the light reactions alone. 
B) the Calvin cycle alone. 
C) both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle. 
D) neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle. 
A) the light reactions alone. 
B) the Calvin cycle alone. 
C) both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle. 
D) neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle.

Question 4

Why does photorespiration decrease the efficiency of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) It increases the amount of carbon dioxide consumed. 
B) It reduces the amount of water consumed. 
C) It reduces the amount of sugar produced. 
D) It produces excess NADPH but less ATP. 
E) It inhibits electron transfers from photosystem II. 
A) It increases the amount of carbon dioxide consumed. 
B) It reduces the amount of water consumed. 
C) It reduces the amount of sugar produced. 
D) It produces excess NADPH but less ATP. 
E) It inhibits electron transfers from photosystem II.

Question 5

The Calvin cycle in a culture of algae grown in the light utilizes approximately 30,000 molecules of ATP but only 20,000 molecules of NADPH per hour.What is the source of the extra ATP utilized?

Accepted Answer

A) photosystem II 
B) photosystem I 
C) cyclic electron flow 
D) oxidation of NADPH 
A) photosystem II 
B) photosystem I 
C) cyclic electron flow 
D) oxidation of NADPH

Question 6

Which of the following statements correctly describes an activity directly associated with photosystem I?

Accepted Answer

A) It produces ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation. 
B) It receives electrons from the electron transport chain associated with thylakoid membranes. 
C) It produces O2. 
D) It extracts hydrogen electrons released by the splitting of water. 
A) It produces ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation. 
B) It receives electrons from the electron transport chain associated with thylakoid membranes. 
C) It produces O2. 
D) It extracts hydrogen electrons released by the splitting of water.

Question 7

Where does the Calvin cycle take place?

Accepted Answer

A) stroma of the chloroplast 
B) thylakoid membrane 
C) outer membrane of the chloroplast 
D) interior of the thylakoid (thylakoid space) 
A) stroma of the chloroplast 
B) thylakoid membrane 
C) outer membrane of the chloroplast 
D) interior of the thylakoid (thylakoid space)

Question 8

Photorespiration occurs when rubisco combines RuBP with which of the following molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) CO2 
B) O2 
C) glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate 
D) H2O 
A) CO2 
B) O2 
C) glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate 
D) H2O

Question 9

Which of the following statements correctly summarizes a redox reaction that occurs in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) Glucose is oxidized to form CO2. 
B) CO2 is oxidized to form glucose. 
C) CO2 is reduced to form glucose. 
D) Water is reduced to form O2. 
E) O2 is oxidized to form water. 
A) Glucose is oxidized to form CO2. 
B) CO2 is oxidized to form glucose. 
C) CO2 is reduced to form glucose. 
D) Water is reduced to form O2. 
E) O2 is oxidized to form water.

Question 10

Some photosynthetic bacteria (e.g. ,purple sulfur bacteria)have only photosystem I,whereas others (e.g. ,cyanobacteria)have both photosystem I and photosystem II.No photosynthetic bacteria have only photosystem II.Which of the following might be a possible explanation for this observation?

Accepted Answer

A) Both photosystems evolved together,and photosystem II was selected against in some species. 
B) Photosynthesis with only photosystem I is more ancestral. 
C) Photosystem I is more efficient at photosynthesis than both photosystems I and II together. 
D) Linear electron flow is more primitive than cyclic flow of electrons. 
A) Both photosystems evolved together,and photosystem II was selected against in some species. 
B) Photosynthesis with only photosystem I is more ancestral. 
C) Photosystem I is more efficient at photosynthesis than both photosystems I and II together. 
D) Linear electron flow is more primitive than cyclic flow of electrons.

Question 11

A spaceship designed to support human life for a multiyear voyage to the outer planets of the solar system will include plants to provide oxygen and consume carbon dioxide.Because the spaceship will have limited exposure to the sun for extensive periods,an artificial light source will be needed to support photosynthesis.What wavelengths of light should be used to maximize plant growth with a minimum expenditure of energy?

Accepted Answer

A) full-spectrum white light 
B) green light 
C) a combination of blue and red light 
D) yellow light 
E) UV light 
A) full-spectrum white light 
B) green light 
C) a combination of blue and red light 
D) yellow light 
E) UV light

Question 12

Which of the following metabolic processes consume(s)CO2?

Accepted Answer

A) the light reactions of photosynthesis only 
B) the Calvin cycle only 
C) the citric acid cycle only 
D) both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle 
E) both the Calvin cycle and the citric acid cycle 
A) the light reactions of photosynthesis only 
B) the Calvin cycle only 
C) the citric acid cycle only 
D) both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle 
E) both the Calvin cycle and the citric acid cycle

Question 13

The pH of the inner thylakoid space has been measured,as have the pH of the stroma and of the cytosol of a particular plant cell.Which of the following relationships would you expect to find when the cell is examined in the light?

Accepted Answer

A) The pH within the thylakoid is lower than that of the stroma. 
B) The pH of the stroma is lower than that of either the thylakoid space or the cytosol. 
C) The pH of the thylakoid space is higher than that of either the stroma or the cytosol. 
D) The pH of the stroma is higher than that of either the thylakoid space or the cytosol. 
A) The pH within the thylakoid is lower than that of the stroma. 
B) The pH of the stroma is lower than that of either the thylakoid space or the cytosol. 
C) The pH of the thylakoid space is higher than that of either the stroma or the cytosol. 
D) The pH of the stroma is higher than that of either the thylakoid space or the cytosol.

Question 14

Which of the following events occurs in the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) NADP+ is produced. 
B) ATP is consumed to yield ADP. 
C) Carbon dioxide is fixed in organic molecules. 
D) Light is absorbed and transferred to reaction-center chlorophyll. 
A) NADP+ is produced. 
B) ATP is consumed to yield ADP. 
C) Carbon dioxide is fixed in organic molecules. 
D) Light is absorbed and transferred to reaction-center chlorophyll.

Question 15

In chemiosmosis in mitochondria,protons flow from the intermembrane space into the matrix.In what direction do protons flow during chemiosmosis in chloroplasts?

Accepted Answer

A) from the stroma into the cytosol 
B) from the matrix into the stroma 
C) from the stroma into the thylakoid space 
D) from the intermembrane space into the stroma 
E) from the thylakoid space to into the stroma 
A) from the stroma into the cytosol 
B) from the matrix into the stroma 
C) from the stroma into the thylakoid space 
D) from the intermembrane space into the stroma 
E) from the thylakoid space to into the stroma

Question 16

Cellular respiration in plant cell mitochondria consumes approximately what proportion of the organic molecules produced by photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) 5% 
B) 25% 
C) 50% 
D) 80% 
A) 5% 
B) 25% 
C) 50% 
D) 80%

Question 17

Which of the following reactions reduce(s)oxygen to form water?

Accepted Answer

A) the light reactions of photosynthesis only 
B) the Calvin cycle only 
C) cellular respiration only 
D) both the light reactions of photosynthesis and cellular respiration 
E) both the light reactions of photosynthesis and the Calvin cycle 
A) the light reactions of photosynthesis only 
B) the Calvin cycle only 
C) cellular respiration only 
D) both the light reactions of photosynthesis and cellular respiration 
E) both the light reactions of photosynthesis and the Calvin cycle

Question 18

A gardener is concerned that her greenhouse is getting too hot from too much light.She plans to shade her plants with colored translucent plastic filters that allow only a narrow part of the visible light spectrum to pass through.To reduce the overall light energy but still maximize plant growth,she should use a filter that allows the passage of which of the following colors of light?

Accepted Answer

A) green 
B) blue 
C) yellow 
D) orange 
E) white 
A) green 
B) blue 
C) yellow 
D) orange 
E) white

Question 19

Where are electron transport chains that are responsible for ATP production located in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

A) in the outer chloroplast membranes only 
B) in the thylakoid membranes only 
C) in the inner mitochondrial membranes only 
D) in the thylakoid and outer chloroplast membranes 
E) in the thylakoid and inner mitochondrial membranes 
A) in the outer chloroplast membranes only 
B) in the thylakoid membranes only 
C) in the inner mitochondrial membranes only 
D) in the thylakoid and outer chloroplast membranes 
E) in the thylakoid and inner mitochondrial membranes

Question 20

Carotenoids are found in several foods that are considered to have antioxidant properties in human nutrition.What related function do they have in plants?

Accepted Answer

A) They are accessory pigments that narrow the spectrum of light wavelengths used to drive photosynthesis. 
B) They absorb harmful ultraviolet radiation to protect plant chromosomes from damage. 
C) They absorb and dissipate excess light energy that might otherwise react with oxygen to form harmful oxidative molecules. 
D) They absorb orange light,enhancing the efficiency of photosynthesis. 
A) They are accessory pigments that narrow the spectrum of light wavelengths used to drive photosynthesis. 
B) They absorb harmful ultraviolet radiation to protect plant chromosomes from damage. 
C) They absorb and dissipate excess light energy that might otherwise react with oxygen to form harmful oxidative molecules. 
D) They absorb orange light,enhancing the efficiency of photosynthesis.

Exam 8: Photosynthesis

The light reactions of photosynthesis supply the Calvin cycle with

What are the products of linear electron flow?

In C3 photosynthesis,the reactions that require ATP take place in

Why does photorespiration decrease the efficiency of photosynthesis?

The Calvin cycle in a culture of algae grown in the light utilizes approximately 30,000 molecules of ATP but only 20,000 molecules of NADPH per hour.What is the source of the extra ATP utilized?

Which of the following statements correctly describes an activity directly associated with photosystem I?

Where does the Calvin cycle take place?

Photorespiration occurs when rubisco combines RuBP with which of the following molecules?

Which of the following statements correctly summarizes a redox reaction that occurs in photosynthesis?

Some photosynthetic bacteria (e.g. ,purple sulfur bacteria)have only photosystem I,whereas others (e.g. ,cyanobacteria)have both photosystem I and photosystem II.No photosynthetic bacteria have only photosystem II.Which of the following might be a possible explanation for this observation?

Which of the following metabolic processes consume(s)CO2?

The pH of the inner thylakoid space has been measured,as have the pH of the stroma and of the cytosol of a particular plant cell.Which of the following relationships would you expect to find when the cell is examined in the light?

Which of the following events occurs in the light reactions of photosynthesis?

In chemiosmosis in mitochondria,protons flow from the intermembrane space into the matrix.In what direction do protons flow during chemiosmosis in chloroplasts?

Cellular respiration in plant cell mitochondria consumes approximately what proportion of the organic molecules produced by photosynthesis?

Which of the following reactions reduce(s)oxygen to form water?

Where are electron transport chains that are responsible for ATP production located in plant cells?

Carotenoids are found in several foods that are considered to have antioxidant properties in human nutrition.What related function do they have in plants?

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development,stem Cells,and Cancer

Viruses

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

Broad Patterns of Evolution

Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Plant Structure and Growth

Resource Acquisition,nutrition,and Transport in Vascular Plants

Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Neurons,synapses,and Signaling

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems and Energy

Conservation Biology and Global Change

Filters

In C₃ photosynthesis,the reactions that require ATP take place in

Which of the following metabolic processes consume(s)CO₂?