Question 1

Why are cells arrested at metaphase in the preparation of a karyotype?

Accepted Answer

A) All of the chromosomes are at their least condensed state and are easy to visualize. 
B) All of their chromosomes are highly condensed and easy to visualize. 
C) All of the sister chromatids have separated into two new daughter cells. 
D) The chromosomes have duplicated,making them easier to visualize. 
A) All of the chromosomes are at their least condensed state and are easy to visualize. 
B) All of their chromosomes are highly condensed and easy to visualize. 
C) All of the sister chromatids have separated into two new daughter cells. 
D) The chromosomes have duplicated,making them easier to visualize.

Question 2

After telophase I of meiosis,the chromosomal makeup of each daughter cell is

Accepted Answer

A) diploid,and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid. 
B) diploid,and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids. 
C) haploid,and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid. 
D) haploid,and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids. 
A) diploid,and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid. 
B) diploid,and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids. 
C) haploid,and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid. 
D) haploid,and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids.

Question 3

In the life cycle of fungi and some protists,which of the following processes leads to the formation of gametes?

Accepted Answer

A) mitosis in the haploid unicellular or multicellular organism 
B) meiosis in the haploid unicellular or multicellular organism 
C) meiosis in the diploid zygote 
D) mitosis in the diploid zygote 
A) mitosis in the haploid unicellular or multicellular organism 
B) meiosis in the haploid unicellular or multicellular organism 
C) meiosis in the diploid zygote 
D) mitosis in the diploid zygote

Question 4

Which of the following statements correctly describes an organism's genome?

Accepted Answer

A) A genome is a representation of the complete set of polypeptides in any of the organism's cells. 
B) A genome is a representation of a single gene locus in an organism. 
C) A genome is made up of the genes found in a gamete produced by the organism. 
D) A genome is a complete set of all of an organism's genes. 
A) A genome is a representation of the complete set of polypeptides in any of the organism's cells. 
B) A genome is a representation of a single gene locus in an organism. 
C) A genome is made up of the genes found in a gamete produced by the organism. 
D) A genome is a complete set of all of an organism's genes.

Question 5

To visualize and identify meiotic cells at metaphase I with a microscope,what would you look for?

Accepted Answer

A) sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome grouped at the poles 
B) individual chromosomes all at the cell's center 
C) an uninterrupted spindle array 
D) pairs of homologous chromosomes all aligned at the cell's center 
A) sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome grouped at the poles 
B) individual chromosomes all at the cell's center 
C) an uninterrupted spindle array 
D) pairs of homologous chromosomes all aligned at the cell's center

Question 6

Chromatids are separated from each other during which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A) only during mitosis 
B) only during meiosis I 
C) only during meiosis II 
D) during both mitosis and meiosis II 
A) only during mitosis 
B) only during meiosis I 
C) only during meiosis II 
D) during both mitosis and meiosis II

Question 7

Which of the following statements about humans is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The 23rd pair,the sex chromosomes,determines whether the person is female (XX)or male (XY). 
B) An ovum and sperm unite during fertilization,forming a haploid (n),single-celled zygote. 
C) At sexual maturity,ovaries and testes produce diploid gametes by meiosis. 
D) Human life cycles alternate between fertilization and meiosis,with meiosis producing haploid zygotes. 
A) The 23rd pair,the sex chromosomes,determines whether the person is female (XX)or male (XY). 
B) An ovum and sperm unite during fertilization,forming a haploid (n),single-celled zygote. 
C) At sexual maturity,ovaries and testes produce diploid gametes by meiosis. 
D) Human life cycles alternate between fertilization and meiosis,with meiosis producing haploid zygotes.

Question 8

-A certain (hypothetical)organism is diploid,has either blue or orange wings as the consequence of one of its genes on chromosome 12,and has either long or short antennae as the result of a second gene on chromosome 19,as shown in the figure above.If a female of this species has one chromosome 12 with a blue gene and another chromosome 12 with an orange gene,and has both number 19 chromosomes with short genes,she will produce which of the following egg types?

Accepted Answer

A) only blue short gene eggs 
B) only orange short gene eggs 
C) one-half blue short and one-half orange short gene eggs 
D) three-fourths blue short and one-fourth orange short gene eggs 
A) only blue short gene eggs 
B) only orange short gene eggs 
C) one-half blue short and one-half orange short gene eggs 
D) three-fourths blue short and one-fourth orange short gene eggs

Question 9

What diagnostic procedures can a karyotype be used for?

Accepted Answer

A) screening for specific genes found in an organism 
B) identifying the species of an organism 
C) screening for defective or abnormal numbers of chromosomes in an individual 
D) identifying the life cycle of a specific organism 
A) screening for specific genes found in an organism 
B) identifying the species of an organism 
C) screening for defective or abnormal numbers of chromosomes in an individual 
D) identifying the life cycle of a specific organism

Question 10

Which of the following is true of an organism that has a chromosome number of 2n = 16?

Accepted Answer

A) The species has 16 sets of chromosomes per cell. 
B) Each cell has eight homologous pairs of chromosomes. 
C) During the S phase of the cell cycle,there will be 32 separate chromosomes. 
D) A gamete from this species has four chromosomes. 
A) The species has 16 sets of chromosomes per cell. 
B) Each cell has eight homologous pairs of chromosomes. 
C) During the S phase of the cell cycle,there will be 32 separate chromosomes. 
D) A gamete from this species has four chromosomes.

Question 11

In a cell undergoing meiosis,if synaptonemal complexes form or are still present,what process or processes have occurred?

Accepted Answer

A) prophase I only 
B) prophase I and telophase I only 
C) prophase I and telophase II only 
D) prophase I,metaphase I,and anaphase I only 
A) prophase I only 
B) prophase I and telophase I only 
C) prophase I and telophase II only 
D) prophase I,metaphase I,and anaphase I only

Question 12

Which of the following statements correctly describes the characteristics of recombinant chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

A) They carry genes from only one parent. 
B) They contain more genes than non-recombinant chromosomes. 
C) At least one to three times per chromosome pair,they carry genes from two different parents. 
D) They are identical in genetic makeup to the parental chromosomes. 
A) They carry genes from only one parent. 
B) They contain more genes than non-recombinant chromosomes. 
C) At least one to three times per chromosome pair,they carry genes from two different parents. 
D) They are identical in genetic makeup to the parental chromosomes.

Question 13

-A certain (hypothetical)organism is diploid,has either blue or orange wings as the consequence of one of its genes on chromosome 12,and has either long or short antennae as the result of a second gene on chromosome 19,as shown in the figure above.A female with a paternal set of one orange and one long gene chromosome and a maternal set composed of one blue and one short gene chromosome is expected to produce which of the following types of eggs after meiosis?

Accepted Answer

A) All eggs will have paternal types of gene combinations. 
B) Half the eggs will have maternal and half will have paternal combinations. 
C) Each egg has a one-fourth chance of having blue long,blue short,orange long,or orange short combinations. 
D) Each egg has a three-fourths chance of having blue long,one-fourth blue short,three-fourths orange long,or one-fourth orange short combinations. 
A) All eggs will have paternal types of gene combinations. 
B) Half the eggs will have maternal and half will have paternal combinations. 
C) Each egg has a one-fourth chance of having blue long,blue short,orange long,or orange short combinations. 
D) Each egg has a three-fourths chance of having blue long,one-fourth blue short,three-fourths orange long,or one-fourth orange short combinations.

Question 14

Homologous chromosomes move toward opposite poles of a dividing cell during

Accepted Answer

A) mitosis. 
B) meiosis I. 
C) meiosis II. 
D) fertilization. 
A) mitosis. 
B) meiosis I. 
C) meiosis II. 
D) fertilization.

Question 15

-You have isolated DNA from three different cell types of an organism,determined the relative DNA content for each type,and plotted the results on the graph shown in the figure above.Which sample(s)of DNA might be from a cell at the end of anaphase II of meiosis?

Accepted Answer

A) III 
B) II 
C) either I or II 
D) both I and II 
A) III 
B) II 
C) either I or II 
D) both I and II

Question 16

There is a group of invertebrate animals called rotifers,among which a particular group of species reproduces,as far as is known,only asexually.These rotifers,however,have survived a long evolutionary history without evidence of having been overcome by excessive mutations.Because the rotifers develop from eggs,but asexually,what can you predict about these organisms?

Accepted Answer

A) The eggs and the zygotes are all haploid. 
B) The animals are all males. 
C) Although asexual,both males and females are found in nature. 
D) No males can be found. 
A) The eggs and the zygotes are all haploid. 
B) The animals are all males. 
C) Although asexual,both males and females are found in nature. 
D) No males can be found.

Question 17

In a cell undergoing meiosis,if homologous chromosomes are aligned at the equator of the meiotic spindle,what process has occurred?

Accepted Answer

A) prophase I 
B) metaphase I 
C) prophase II 
D) metaphase II 
A) prophase I 
B) metaphase I 
C) prophase II 
D) metaphase II

Question 18

If a sexually reproducing organism has a diploid number of 36,how many individual chromosomes would any of its gametes have?

Accepted Answer

A) 36 chromosomes 
B) 18 chromosomes 
C) 72 chromosomes 
D) 9 chromosomes 
A) 36 chromosomes 
B) 18 chromosomes 
C) 72 chromosomes 
D) 9 chromosomes

Question 19

Which of the following is the smallest unit of life that would contain a complete copy of the entire human genome?

Accepted Answer

A) one human somatic cell 
B) one human chromosome 
C) one human gamete 
D) one human gene 
A) one human somatic cell 
B) one human chromosome 
C) one human gamete 
D) one human gene

Question 20

Figure 10.6
-Refer to the life cycles illustrated in Figure 10.6 above.Which of the life cycles is (are)typical for plants and some algae?

Accepted Answer

A) I only 
B) II only 
C) III only 
D) I and II 
A) I only 
B) II only 
C) III only 
D) I and II

Exam 10: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Why are cells arrested at metaphase in the preparation of a karyotype?

After telophase I of meiosis,the chromosomal makeup of each daughter cell is

In the life cycle of fungi and some protists,which of the following processes leads to the formation of gametes?

Which of the following statements correctly describes an organism's genome?

To visualize and identify meiotic cells at metaphase I with a microscope,what would you look for?

Chromatids are separated from each other during which of the following processes?

Which of the following statements about humans is true?

What diagnostic procedures can a karyotype be used for?

Which of the following is true of an organism that has a chromosome number of 2n = 16?

In a cell undergoing meiosis,if synaptonemal complexes form or are still present,what process or processes have occurred?

Which of the following statements correctly describes the characteristics of recombinant chromosomes?

Homologous chromosomes move toward opposite poles of a dividing cell during

-You have isolated DNA from three different cell types of an organism,determined the relative DNA content for each type,and plotted the results on the graph shown in the figure above.Which sample(s)of DNA might be from a cell at the end of anaphase II of meiosis?

In a cell undergoing meiosis,if homologous chromosomes are aligned at the equator of the meiotic spindle,what process has occurred?

If a sexually reproducing organism has a diploid number of 36,how many individual chromosomes would any of its gametes have?

Which of the following is the smallest unit of life that would contain a complete copy of the entire human genome?

Figure 10.6 -Refer to the life cycles illustrated in Figure 10.6 above.Which of the life cycles is (are)typical for plants and some algae?

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development,stem Cells,and Cancer

Viruses

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

Broad Patterns of Evolution

Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Plant Structure and Growth

Resource Acquisition,nutrition,and Transport in Vascular Plants

Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Neurons,synapses,and Signaling

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems and Energy

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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