Question 1

How do antiviral drugs help to treat viral infections?

Accepted Answer

A) They remove all viruses from the infected host. 
B) They interfere with viral replication. 
C) They remove all viral proteins from the host. 
D) They remove all viral mRNAs from the host. 
A) They remove all viruses from the infected host. 
B) They interfere with viral replication. 
C) They remove all viral proteins from the host. 
D) They remove all viral mRNAs from the host.

Question 2

You isolate an infectious substance that is capable of causing disease in plants,but you do not know whether the infectious agent is a bacterium,virus,or prion.You have four methods at your disposal that you can use to analyze the substance in order to determine the nature of the infectious agent.
I.Treat the substance with nucleases that destroy all nucleic acids and then determine whether it is still infectious.
II.Filter the substance to remove all elements smaller than what can be easily seen under a light microscope.
III.Culture the substance by itself on nutritive medium,away from any plant cells.
IV.Treat the sample with proteases that digest all proteins and then determine whether it is still infectious.
If you already knew that the infectious agent was either bacterial or viral,which treatment listed above would allow you to distinguish between these two possibilities?

Accepted Answer

A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV 
A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV

Question 3

Some people who have had a herpesvirus-mediated cold sore or genital sore may have flare-ups for the rest of their life.Why does this occur?

Accepted Answer

A) re-infection by a closely related herpesvirus of a different strain 
B) re-infection by the same herpesvirus strain 
C) co-infection with an unrelated virus that causes the same symptoms 
D) copies of the herpesvirus genome remaining as mini-chromosomes in some host cell nuclei 
A) re-infection by a closely related herpesvirus of a different strain 
B) re-infection by the same herpesvirus strain 
C) co-infection with an unrelated virus that causes the same symptoms 
D) copies of the herpesvirus genome remaining as mini-chromosomes in some host cell nuclei

Question 4

In 1971,David Baltimore described a scheme for classifying viruses based on how the virus produces mRNA,referred to as the Baltimore requirements.The table below shows the results of testing five viruses (A-E)for nuclease sensitivity,the ability of the viral genome to act as an mRNA,and the presence (+)or absence (-)of each virus's own polymerase.   Based on the table above,which virus meets the requirements for a bacteriophage?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 5

Which of the following responses correctly lists the order of events in a generalized viral replicative cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) Enzymes transcribe the viral genome into mRNA,the virus enters the cell,host enzymes replicate the viral genome. 
B) The virus enters the cell,host enzymes replicate the viral genome,enzymes transcribe the viral genome into mRNA. 
C) Host enzymes replicate the viral genome,enzymes transcribe the viral genome into mRNA,the virus enters the cell. 
D) The virus enters the cell,enzymes transcribe the viral genome into mRNA,host enzymes replicate the viral genome. 
A) Enzymes transcribe the viral genome into mRNA,the virus enters the cell,host enzymes replicate the viral genome. 
B) The virus enters the cell,host enzymes replicate the viral genome,enzymes transcribe the viral genome into mRNA. 
C) Host enzymes replicate the viral genome,enzymes transcribe the viral genome into mRNA,the virus enters the cell. 
D) The virus enters the cell,enzymes transcribe the viral genome into mRNA,host enzymes replicate the viral genome.

Question 6

Which of the following statements accurately describes plant virus infections?

Accepted Answer

A) They can be controlled by the use of antibiotics. 
B) They are spread via the plasmodesmata. 
C) They have little effect on plant growth. 
D) They are rarely spread by insects. 
A) They can be controlled by the use of antibiotics. 
B) They are spread via the plasmodesmata. 
C) They have little effect on plant growth. 
D) They are rarely spread by insects.

Question 7

Which of the following characteristics,structures,or processes is common to both bacteria and viruses?

Accepted Answer

A) metabolism 
B) ribosomes 
C) genetic material composed of nucleic acid 
D) cell division 
A) metabolism 
B) ribosomes 
C) genetic material composed of nucleic acid 
D) cell division

Question 8

A bacterium is infected with an experimentally constructed bacteriophage composed of the T2 phage protein coat and T4 phage DNA.The new phages produced would have

Accepted Answer

A) T2 protein and T4 DNA. 
B) T4 protein and T2 DNA. 
C) T2 protein and T2 DNA. 
D) T4 protein and T4 DNA. 
A) T2 protein and T4 DNA. 
B) T4 protein and T2 DNA. 
C) T2 protein and T2 DNA. 
D) T4 protein and T4 DNA.

Question 9

Which of the following processes can be effective in preventing the onset of viral infection in humans?

Accepted Answer

A) taking vitamins 
B) getting vaccinated 
C) taking antibiotics 
D) applying antiseptics 
A) taking vitamins 
B) getting vaccinated 
C) taking antibiotics 
D) applying antiseptics

Question 10

Which of the following nucleic acids make(s)up viral genomes?

Accepted Answer

A) double-stranded RNA only 
B) DNA only 
C) single-stranded RNA only 
D) DNA or RNA 
A) double-stranded RNA only 
B) DNA only 
C) single-stranded RNA only 
D) DNA or RNA

Question 11

-Which of the three types of viruses shown in the figure above would you expect to include glycoproteins as part of their overall structure?

Accepted Answer

A) I only 
B) II only 
C) III only 
D) I and II only 
A) I only 
B) II only 
C) III only 
D) I and II only

Question 12

Which of the following statements correctly describes adenoviruses?

Accepted Answer

A) They contain RNA surrounded by a capsid. 
B) They contain DNA surrounded by a capsid. 
C) They contain RNA surrounded by a membranous envelope. 
D) They are a type of bacteriophage. 
A) They contain RNA surrounded by a capsid. 
B) They contain DNA surrounded by a capsid. 
C) They contain RNA surrounded by a membranous envelope. 
D) They are a type of bacteriophage.

Question 13

Which of the following characteristics determine a virus's host range?

Accepted Answer

A) the enzymes carried by the virus 
B) whether its nucleic acid is DNA or RNA 
C) the proteins in the host's cytoplasm 
D) the proteins on its surface and that of the host 
A) the enzymes carried by the virus 
B) whether its nucleic acid is DNA or RNA 
C) the proteins in the host's cytoplasm 
D) the proteins on its surface and that of the host

Question 14

Which of the following statements correctly describes the best predictor of how much damage a virus causes?

Accepted Answer

A) ability of the infected cell to undergo normal cell division 
B) ability of the infected cell to carry on translation 
C) whether the infected cell produces viral protein 
D) whether the viral mRNA can be transcribed 
A) ability of the infected cell to undergo normal cell division 
B) ability of the infected cell to carry on translation 
C) whether the infected cell produces viral protein 
D) whether the viral mRNA can be transcribed

Question 15

You isolate an infectious substance that is capable of causing disease in plants,but you do not know whether the infectious agent is a bacterium,virus,or prion.You have four methods at your disposal that you can use to analyze the substance in order to determine the nature of the infectious agent.
I.Treat the substance with nucleases that destroy all nucleic acids and then determine whether it is still infectious.
II.Filter the substance to remove all elements smaller than what can be easily seen under a light microscope.
III.Culture the substance by itself on nutritive medium,away from any plant cells.
IV.Treat the sample with proteases that digest all proteins and then determine whether it is still infectious.
If you already knew that the infectious agent was a prion,which treatment listed above would allow you to distinguish this?

Accepted Answer

A) I only 
B) II only 
C) III only 
D) either I or IV 
A) I only 
B) II only 
C) III only 
D) either I or IV

Exam 17: Viruses

How do antiviral drugs help to treat viral infections?

Some people who have had a herpesvirus-mediated cold sore or genital sore may have flare-ups for the rest of their life.Why does this occur?

Which of the following responses correctly lists the order of events in a generalized viral replicative cycle?

Which of the following statements accurately describes plant virus infections?

Which of the following characteristics,structures,or processes is common to both bacteria and viruses?

A bacterium is infected with an experimentally constructed bacteriophage composed of the T2 phage protein coat and T4 phage DNA.The new phages produced would have

Which of the following processes can be effective in preventing the onset of viral infection in humans?

Which of the following nucleic acids make(s)up viral genomes?

-Which of the three types of viruses shown in the figure above would you expect to include glycoproteins as part of their overall structure?

Which of the following statements correctly describes adenoviruses?

Which of the following characteristics determine a virus's host range?

Which of the following statements correctly describes the best predictor of how much damage a virus causes?

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development,stem Cells,and Cancer

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

Broad Patterns of Evolution

Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Plant Structure and Growth

Resource Acquisition,nutrition,and Transport in Vascular Plants

Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Neurons,synapses,and Signaling

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems and Energy

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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