Question 1

A __________ is a person's transient disposition to behave in a certain way.

Accepted Answer

A)  trait 
B)  reaction 
C)  state 
D)  personality 
A)  trait 
B)  reaction 
C)  state 
D)  personality

Question 2

Which of the following falls right in the middle of the hierarchy of needs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-esteem needs 
B)  Safety and security needs 
C)  Attachment needs 
D)  Physiological needs 
A)  Self-esteem needs 
B)  Safety and security needs 
C)  Attachment needs 
D)  Physiological needs

Question 3

__________ describes the extent to which a trait is able to be passed on genetically.

Accepted Answer

A)  Lineage 
B)  Heritability 
C)  Chromosomal dispersion 
D)  Familiality 
A)  Lineage 
B)  Heritability 
C)  Chromosomal dispersion 
D)  Familiality

Question 4

Allocentrism is to __________ as ideocentrism is to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  individualistic; interdependent 
B)  collectivist; individualistic 
C)  dependent; independent 
D)  independent; collectivistic 
A)  individualistic; interdependent 
B)  collectivist; individualistic 
C)  dependent; independent 
D)  independent; collectivistic

Question 5

What did Albert Bandura believe to be the relationship between self-efficacy and high performance achievement?

Accepted Answer

A)  He believed that self-efficacy not only predicts high performance, but also causes it. 
B)  He believed that only those with high self-efficacy are remotely capable of performing well. 
C)  He believed that high performance not only predicts self-efficacy, but also causes it. 
D)  He believed that self-efficacy is only related to high performance when a person also has natural talent or ability. Without those attributes, no amount of self-efficacy can result in a high level of performance. 
A)  He believed that self-efficacy not only predicts high performance, but also causes it. 
B)  He believed that only those with high self-efficacy are remotely capable of performing well. 
C)  He believed that high performance not only predicts self-efficacy, but also causes it. 
D)  He believed that self-efficacy is only related to high performance when a person also has natural talent or ability. Without those attributes, no amount of self-efficacy can result in a high level of performance.

Question 6

The __________ system is a part of the brain that stimulates approach behavior in response to the anticipation of a reward.

Accepted Answer

A)  reticular activating 
B)  cerebellar inhibition 
C)  medullar mediating 
D)  behavioral activating 
A)  reticular activating 
B)  cerebellar inhibition 
C)  medullar mediating 
D)  behavioral activating

Question 7

If you were to go into a specialist's office for a personality assessment and she showed you some cards with pictures on them asking you to tell her a story about each picture,you would be taking the ___________ test.

Accepted Answer

A)  Rorschach Inkblot 
B)  Minnesota Multiphasic Personality 
C)  Thematic Apperception 
D)  California Personality 
A)  Rorschach Inkblot 
B)  Minnesota Multiphasic Personality 
C)  Thematic Apperception 
D)  California Personality

Question 8

Which of the following terms is the best synonym for "self-efficacy?"

Accepted Answer

A)  self concept 
B)  self esteem 
C)  self confidence 
D)  self actualization 
A)  self concept 
B)  self esteem 
C)  self confidence 
D)  self actualization

Question 9

According to Abraham Maslow,what is the lowest,or most basic,level of human needs?

Accepted Answer

A)  physiological needs 
B)  safety needs 
C)  self-esteem needs 
D)  attachment needs 
A)  physiological needs 
B)  safety needs 
C)  self-esteem needs 
D)  attachment needs

Question 10

The goal of a personality inventory is to determine who does and who does not have a personality	
that is pathological and in need of therapeutic intervention.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following pairs of concepts from different theories are the most similar?

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-efficacy and locus of control 
B)  Learned helpless and defense mechanisms 
C)  The id, ego, and superego and the collective unconscious 
D)  The self-concept and the reaction formation 
A)  Self-efficacy and locus of control 
B)  Learned helpless and defense mechanisms 
C)  The id, ego, and superego and the collective unconscious 
D)  The self-concept and the reaction formation

Question 12

The job of the ego is to balance the needs of the id and the superego,according to Freud.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Sigmund Freud is the original theorist whose work influenced the __________ perspective of personality development.

Accepted Answer

A)  trait 
B)  psychodevelopmental 
C)  sociocognitive 
D)  psychodynamic 
A)  trait 
B)  psychodevelopmental 
C)  sociocognitive 
D)  psychodynamic

Question 14

__________ theories of personality emphasize people's conscious understanding of themselves and their abilities to attain self-fulfillment.

Accepted Answer

A)  Humanistic 
B)  Emotive 
C)  Affective 
D)  Cognitive 
A)  Humanistic 
B)  Emotive 
C)  Affective 
D)  Cognitive

Question 15

The defense mechanism whereby a person changes a wish into its more acceptable opposite is called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  reaction formation 
B)  counterfunctioning 
C)  repression 
D)  reversing 
A)  reaction formation 
B)  counterfunctioning 
C)  repression 
D)  reversing

Question 16

According to Jeffrey Gray,a personality researcher who explored the theories of Hans Eysenck,there are two basic brain systems that mediate the two personality dimensions of Eysenck's theory.What are they?

Accepted Answer

A)  The brainstem and the language acquisition device (LA
D)  
B)  The reticular activating system (RAS) and the neuronal inhibiting system (NIS) 
C)  The presynaptic stimulating module (PESM) and the postsynaptic stimulating module (POSM) 
D)  The behavioral activating system (BAS) and the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) 
A)  The brainstem and the language acquisition device (LA
D)  
B)  The reticular activating system (RAS) and the neuronal inhibiting system (NIS) 
C)  The presynaptic stimulating module (PESM) and the postsynaptic stimulating module (POSM) 
D)  The behavioral activating system (BAS) and the behavioral inhibition system (BIS)

Question 17

Maybe you remember the classic Saturday morning cartoons - you know the ones with the animals that sometimes fought and sometimes got along? Do you remember the one where a character would have to decide between good and bad choices,and there would be an angel on one shoulder and a devil on the other? In psychodynamic theory,the force that balances the needs of the angel and the devil is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  superego 
B)  id 
C)  ego 
D)  preconscious 
A)  superego 
B)  id 
C)  ego 
D)  preconscious

Question 18

Dr.Sapperson is interested in conducting research that helps to clarify general principles and theories of behavior.His experiment will involve the gathering of data from many participants so that he can make general statements about groups,rather than individual observations about one person.Dr.Sapperson's research is based in the __________ approach.

Accepted Answer

A)  idiographic 
B)  collectivist 
C)  group 
D)  nomothetic 
A)  idiographic 
B)  collectivist 
C)  group 
D)  nomothetic

Question 19

Larika's friends tried to get her to go out on Friday night,but she simply refused."I have so much studying to do,and the house is a mess,and I really want to get my laundry done so I don't have to worry about it this weekend," she protested.Her friends,disappointed that Larika's __________ was preventing her from going out and having fun,had to hit the town without her!

Accepted Answer

A)  superego 
B)  ego 
C)  id 
D)  fixation 
A)  superego 
B)  ego 
C)  id 
D)  fixation

Question 20

Allocentric individuals tend to think in terms of individualist ideas,while ideocentric people 	
tend to think in terms of collectivist ideas.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

A __________ is a person's transient disposition to behave in a certain way.

Which of the following falls right in the middle of the hierarchy of needs?

__________ describes the extent to which a trait is able to be passed on genetically.

Allocentrism is to as ideocentrism is to .

What did Albert Bandura believe to be the relationship between self-efficacy and high performance achievement?

The __________ system is a part of the brain that stimulates approach behavior in response to the anticipation of a reward.

If you were to go into a specialist's office for a personality assessment and she showed you some cards with pictures on them asking you to tell her a story about each picture,you would be taking the ___________ test.

Which of the following terms is the best synonym for "self-efficacy?"

According to Abraham Maslow,what is the lowest,or most basic,level of human needs?

The goal of a personality inventory is to determine who does and who does not have a personality that is pathological and in need of therapeutic intervention.

Which of the following pairs of concepts from different theories are the most similar?

The job of the ego is to balance the needs of the id and the superego,according to Freud.

Sigmund Freud is the original theorist whose work influenced the __________ perspective of personality development.

__________ theories of personality emphasize people's conscious understanding of themselves and their abilities to attain self-fulfillment.

The defense mechanism whereby a person changes a wish into its more acceptable opposite is called __________.

According to Jeffrey Gray,a personality researcher who explored the theories of Hans Eysenck,there are two basic brain systems that mediate the two personality dimensions of Eysenck's theory.What are they?

Allocentric individuals tend to think in terms of individualist ideas,while ideocentric people tend to think in terms of collectivist ideas.

Introduction

Research Methods

The Human Brain

Genetics and Evolution

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Cognition and Intelligence

Human Development I: Physical, Cognitive, and Language Development

Sex and Gender

Human Development II: Social Development

Emotion and Motivation

Social Psychology

Health and Stress

Psychological Disorders

Psychological Therapies

Filters

Exam 16: Personality and Individual Differences

A __________ is a person's transient disposition to behave in a certain way.

Which of the following falls right in the middle of the hierarchy of needs?

__________ describes the extent to which a trait is able to be passed on genetically.

Allocentrism is to __________ as ideocentrism is to __________.

What did Albert Bandura believe to be the relationship between self-efficacy and high performance achievement?

The __________ system is a part of the brain that stimulates approach behavior in response to the anticipation of a reward.

If you were to go into a specialist's office for a personality assessment and she showed you some cards with pictures on them asking you to tell her a story about each picture,you would be taking the ___________ test.

Which of the following terms is the best synonym for "self-efficacy?"

According to Abraham Maslow,what is the lowest,or most basic,level of human needs?

The goal of a personality inventory is to determine who does and who does not have a personality that is pathological and in need of therapeutic intervention.

Which of the following pairs of concepts from different theories are the most similar?

The job of the ego is to balance the needs of the id and the superego,according to Freud.

Sigmund Freud is the original theorist whose work influenced the __________ perspective of personality development.

__________ theories of personality emphasize people's conscious understanding of themselves and their abilities to attain self-fulfillment.

The defense mechanism whereby a person changes a wish into its more acceptable opposite is called __________.

According to Jeffrey Gray,a personality researcher who explored the theories of Hans Eysenck,there are two basic brain systems that mediate the two personality dimensions of Eysenck's theory.What are they?

Allocentric individuals tend to think in terms of individualist ideas,while ideocentric people tend to think in terms of collectivist ideas.

Introduction

Research Methods

The Human Brain

Genetics and Evolution

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Cognition and Intelligence

Human Development I: Physical, Cognitive, and Language Development

Sex and Gender

Human Development II: Social Development

Emotion and Motivation

Social Psychology

Health and Stress

Psychological Disorders

Psychological Therapies

Filters

Allocentrism is to as ideocentrism is to .