Question 1

​What is the role of the environment in adaptation?

Accepted Answer

​In adaptation, the environment presents possibility and limitation.

Question 2

​Why was the invention of the steam engine in England important to the development of the Industrial Revolution?

Accepted Answer

​It replaced human labor and hand tools, increasing factory production and facilitating mass transportation.

Question 3

​Consider slash-and-burn cultivation. Once thought to be environmentally destructive and unable to produce enough food, many are now turning to this farming practice. How is this technique ecologically sound? What social and economic changes would you expect to find in societies that change their mode of subsistence?

Accepted Answer

Slash-and-burn cultivation, also known as shifting cultivation, involves clearing land by cutting down and burning trees and vegetation before planting crops. While this practice was once thought to be environmentally destructive due to deforestation and soil degradation, it is now being reconsidered as ecologically sound when practiced sustainably.

When done properly, slash-and-burn cultivation can actually benefit the environment. The burning of vegetation releases nutrients into the soil, making it more fertile for crop growth. Additionally, the cleared land allows for new plant growth and can increase biodiversity in the area. By rotating the areas of cultivation and allowing the land to fallow and regenerate, this practice can be sustainable and have minimal negative impact on the environment.

Social and economic changes in societies that adopt slash-and-burn cultivation as their mode of subsistence can be significant. This farming practice often requires a more nomadic lifestyle, as communities move to new areas of land once the soil becomes depleted. This can lead to changes in social structures and relationships, as well as the need for new forms of governance and resource management.

Economically, the shift to slash-and-burn cultivation can also lead to changes in the way resources are utilized and distributed. It may require communities to develop new trading networks and economic systems to support their nomadic lifestyle. Additionally, the increased fertility of the soil can lead to higher crop yields and potentially improve food security for these communities.

Overall, while slash-and-burn cultivation has historically been viewed as environmentally destructive, when practiced sustainably, it can be ecologically sound and lead to significant social and economic changes in the societies that adopt it as their mode of subsistence.

Question 4

What is an informal economy? Can you name any local examples of this?

Accepted Answer

​It is a network of producing

Question 5

​Informal economies can drain resources from a bureaucracy, while also allaying economic stress on consumers. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of allowing an informal economy to operate within a state society.

Accepted Answer

The informal economy can have both advan

Question 6

​Today, foragers are found only in the world's most marginal geographical areas.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

In some societies, conspicuous consumption is connected to the idea of prestige and status. That is, consuming goods and products, buying things and more things, is often a way North Americans attempt to impress others. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages that might be related to conspicuous consumption.

Accepted Answer

Conspicuous consumption, or the act of p

Question 8

​Cooperative labor in most societies is centered on the basic unit of the ___________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ​Cooperative labor in most societies is centered...

Question 9

​Aymara Indians have a 70 percent greater pulmonary function than do lowlanders.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

​"Hard bargaining" is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) ​balanced reciprocity 
B) ​ negative reciprocity 
C) ​generalized reciprocity 
D) ​retributive reciprocity 
A) ​balanced reciprocity 
B) ​ negative reciprocity 
C) ​generalized reciprocity 
D) ​retributive reciprocity

Question 11

​Prestige economies are based on:

Accepted Answer

A) ​creating monetary profit 
B) ​raising social status 
C) ​encouraging productivity 
D) ​building alliances 
A) ​creating monetary profit 
B) ​raising social status 
C) ​encouraging productivity 
D) ​building alliances

Question 12

​In integrated pattern societies, neither gender exerts dominance over the other in labor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

​In today's postindustrial world, the particular geographical location where something is bought or sold is often not at all important.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

​Today, approximately what percentage of the world's population subsists through foraging as a primary mode of subsistence?

Accepted Answer

A) ​4 
B) ​0.4 
C) ​0.04 
D) ​0.004 
A) ​4 
B) ​0.4 
C) ​0.04 
D) ​0.004

Question 15

​Industrial food production is associated with mass marketing and food production.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

​In Bolivia, the Chalalán Ecolodge and surrounding areas are part of a commercial venture classified as:

Accepted Answer

A) ​ecotourism 
B) ​industrial market exchange 
C) ​generalized reciprocity 
D) ​redistribution 
A) ​ecotourism 
B) ​industrial market exchange 
C) ​generalized reciprocity 
D) ​redistribution

Question 17

​The Neolithic revolution had many consequences, but it is marked as being the time period in which people began:

Accepted Answer

A) ​domesticating plants and animals 
B) ​forming state societies 
C) ​engaging in economic exchange 
D) ​developing electronic technology 
A) ​domesticating plants and animals 
B) ​forming state societies 
C) ​engaging in economic exchange 
D) ​developing electronic technology

Question 18

​An economic system is:

Accepted Answer

A) ​an organizational arrangement for producing and distributing goods 
B) ​an organizational arrangement for producing, distributing, and consuming goods 
C) ​a social model for trade of produced goods within agricultural and industrial societies 
D) ​a social process of distributing products within an industrial society 
A) ​an organizational arrangement for producing and distributing goods 
B) ​an organizational arrangement for producing, distributing, and consuming goods 
C) ​a social model for trade of produced goods within agricultural and industrial societies 
D) ​a social process of distributing products within an industrial society

Question 19

​Which of the following statements is not true in traditional societies?

Accepted Answer

A) ​Women's work tends to be work that can be more easily interrupted. 
B) ​Men's work tends to be work that is more physically demanding. 
C) ​Women frequently perform tasks that tend to require rapid mobilization of energy. 
D) ​Men frequently perform tasks that tend to require travel from home. 
A) ​Women's work tends to be work that can be more easily interrupted. 
B) ​Men's work tends to be work that is more physically demanding. 
C) ​Women frequently perform tasks that tend to require rapid mobilization of energy. 
D) ​Men frequently perform tasks that tend to require travel from home.

Question 20

​Leveling mechanisms and conspicuous consumption are both part of redistributive networks.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

What is the role of the environment in adaptation?

Why was the invention of the steam engine in England important to the development of the Industrial Revolution?

What is an informal economy? Can you name any local examples of this?

Informal economies can drain resources from a bureaucracy, while also allaying economic stress on consumers. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of allowing an informal economy to operate within a state society.

Today, foragers are found only in the world's most marginal geographical areas.

Cooperative labor in most societies is centered on the basic unit of the ___________.

Aymara Indians have a 70 percent greater pulmonary function than do lowlanders.

"Hard bargaining" is an example of:

Prestige economies are based on:

In integrated pattern societies, neither gender exerts dominance over the other in labor.

In today's postindustrial world, the particular geographical location where something is bought or sold is often not at all important.

Today, approximately what percentage of the world's population subsists through foraging as a primary mode of subsistence?

Industrial food production is associated with mass marketing and food production.

In Bolivia, the Chalalán Ecolodge and surrounding areas are part of a commercial venture classified as:

The Neolithic revolution had many consequences, but it is marked as being the time period in which people began:

An economic system is:

Which of the following statements is not true in traditional societies?

Leveling mechanisms and conspicuous consumption are both part of redistributive networks.

Thinking and Doing Anthropology

Biology Genetics and Evolution

Living Primates

Human Evolution

The Neolithic Revolution the Domestication of Plants and Animals

The Emergence of Cities and States

Modern Human Diversity Race and Racism

The Characteristics of Culture

Language and Communication

Social Identity Personality and Gender

Sex Marriage and Family

Kinship and Other Forms of Grouping

Politics Power and Violence

Spirituality and Religion

Global Changes and the Role of Anthropology

Filters

Exam 11: Subsistence and Exchange

​What is the role of the environment in adaptation?

​Why was the invention of the steam engine in England important to the development of the Industrial Revolution?

What is an informal economy? Can you name any local examples of this?

​Informal economies can drain resources from a bureaucracy, while also allaying economic stress on consumers. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of allowing an informal economy to operate within a state society.

​Today, foragers are found only in the world's most marginal geographical areas.

​Cooperative labor in most societies is centered on the basic unit of the ___________.

​Aymara Indians have a 70 percent greater pulmonary function than do lowlanders.

​"Hard bargaining" is an example of:

​Prestige economies are based on:

​In integrated pattern societies, neither gender exerts dominance over the other in labor.

​In today's postindustrial world, the particular geographical location where something is bought or sold is often not at all important.

​Today, approximately what percentage of the world's population subsists through foraging as a primary mode of subsistence?

​Industrial food production is associated with mass marketing and food production.

​In Bolivia, the Chalalán Ecolodge and surrounding areas are part of a commercial venture classified as:

​The Neolithic revolution had many consequences, but it is marked as being the time period in which people began:

​An economic system is:

​Which of the following statements is not true in traditional societies?

​Leveling mechanisms and conspicuous consumption are both part of redistributive networks.

Thinking and Doing Anthropology

Biology Genetics and Evolution

Living Primates

Human Evolution

The Neolithic Revolution the Domestication of Plants and Animals

The Emergence of Cities and States

Modern Human Diversity Race and Racism

The Characteristics of Culture

Language and Communication

Social Identity Personality and Gender

Sex Marriage and Family

Kinship and Other Forms of Grouping

Politics Power and Violence

Spirituality and Religion

Global Changes and the Role of Anthropology

Filters

What is the role of the environment in adaptation?

Why was the invention of the steam engine in England important to the development of the Industrial Revolution?

Informal economies can drain resources from a bureaucracy, while also allaying economic stress on consumers. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of allowing an informal economy to operate within a state society.

Today, foragers are found only in the world's most marginal geographical areas.

Cooperative labor in most societies is centered on the basic unit of the ___________.

Aymara Indians have a 70 percent greater pulmonary function than do lowlanders.

"Hard bargaining" is an example of:

Prestige economies are based on:

In integrated pattern societies, neither gender exerts dominance over the other in labor.

In today's postindustrial world, the particular geographical location where something is bought or sold is often not at all important.

Today, approximately what percentage of the world's population subsists through foraging as a primary mode of subsistence?

Industrial food production is associated with mass marketing and food production.

In Bolivia, the Chalalán Ecolodge and surrounding areas are part of a commercial venture classified as:

The Neolithic revolution had many consequences, but it is marked as being the time period in which people began:

An economic system is:

Which of the following statements is not true in traditional societies?

Leveling mechanisms and conspicuous consumption are both part of redistributive networks.