Question 1

What is the most prevalent reportable bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) seen in Canada?

Accepted Answer

A)  Genital herpes 
B)  Gonorrhea 
C)  Hepatitis B 
D)  Chlamydia 
A)  Genital herpes 
B)  Gonorrhea 
C)  Hepatitis B 
D)  Chlamydia D

Question 2

What is the purpose of Supervised Consumption Sites?

Accepted Answer

-They provide a safe location for drug users to inject their own drugs with clean equipment under the supervision of medically trained professionals
-They aim to decrease the spread of infectious disease, improve contact between the health care system and injection drug users, decrease the use of drugs in public places, decreased fatal and non-fatal overdoses, and increase enrolment of injection drug users into addiction treatment and rehabilitation programs

Question 3

What does HPV stand for? How does HPV manifest and why is it important? How is HPV diagnosed? How is HPV prevented?

Accepted Answer

- HPV: human papilloma virus; highly virulent viral STI, has 140 different strains
- can cause abnormal cell changes on the cervix, some of which lead to cervical cancer. Can show up as genital warts (cauliflower-like growth anywhere on the genital/anal area)
- important because it is the cause of cervical cancer
- can have more than one type of HPV
- diagnosed through abnormal changes on cervical Pap tests and genital warts are diagnosed on visual exam. Blood tests are in development to test for certain strains
- some prevention from condom use (although limited if any genital contact is involved)
- main prevention is through HPV vaccination

Question 4

The local health department recognized that there are high rates of various STIs among women who work as exotic dancers. Which intervention has the best chance of success in reducing the high rates of STIs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Encouraging women to work at large box stores instead of dancing 
B)  Supplying free condoms to the dancers 
C)  Installing condom machines in the washrooms of strip clubs 
D)  Working with the strip club employers and dancers to develop a peer education program 
A)  Encouraging women to work at large box stores instead of dancing 
B)  Supplying free condoms to the dancers 
C)  Installing condom machines in the washrooms of strip clubs 
D)  Working with the strip club employers and dancers to develop a peer education program

Question 5

Which of the following terms is used to describe "a program-planning process that applies commercial marketing concepts and techniques to promote voluntary behavior change"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Needle exchange programs 
B)  Harm reduction programs 
C)  Social marketing programs 
D)  Capacity building programs 
A)  Needle exchange programs 
B)  Harm reduction programs 
C)  Social marketing programs 
D)  Capacity building programs

Question 6

Leslie is 50 years old and presents at the community health centre with complaints of vaginal and rectaldischarge. Leslie does not use condoms with common-law partner Terry. What testing should the nurse offer to provide Leslie?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gonorrhea and chlamydia 
B)  Syphilis and genital herpes 
C)  Genital warts 
D)  Candidiasis 
A)  Gonorrhea and chlamydia 
B)  Syphilis and genital herpes 
C)  Genital warts 
D)  Candidiasis

Question 7

Sangeeta is a community health nurse who works with clients who are at increased risk of obtaining blood-borne infections. Why do blood-borne infections need special consideration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because they are only transmitted via using unclean needles 
B)  Because they are only transmitted via sexual intercourse 
C)  Because they are not solely transmitted by sexual activity 
D)  Because they are only transmitted via blood transfusions 
A)  Because they are only transmitted via using unclean needles 
B)  Because they are only transmitted via sexual intercourse 
C)  Because they are not solely transmitted by sexual activity 
D)  Because they are only transmitted via blood transfusions

Question 8

A nurse is working with a new immigrant group to prevent STIs. What is the nurse most likely to encounter with this population?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ability to seek out health services 
B)  Positive beliefs surrounding traditional herbal medicine 
C)  Good access to translated resources 
D)  Low stress levels within the group 
A)  Ability to seek out health services 
B)  Positive beliefs surrounding traditional herbal medicine 
C)  Good access to translated resources 
D)  Low stress levels within the group

Question 9

Which are typical acute HIV symptoms that occur two to four weeks after infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Itchiness and red bumps on the skin 
B)  Flu-like symptoms and fever 
C)  Pain and fluid-filled blisters 
D)  Lower abdominal pain and burning on urination 
A)  Itchiness and red bumps on the skin 
B)  Flu-like symptoms and fever 
C)  Pain and fluid-filled blisters 
D)  Lower abdominal pain and burning on urination

Question 10

Thomas has contracted herpes from his new partner. How will this STI be treated?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no cure 
B)  Antivirals 
C)  Laser therapy 
D)  A course of antibiotics 
A)  There is no cure 
B)  Antivirals 
C)  Laser therapy 
D)  A course of antibiotics

Question 11

Juan is HIV positive and attending the STI clinic. Adriana, the community health nurse is communicating to Juan that in addition to being HIV positive, Juan also has Syphilis. Which of the following statements is true about this situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Juan is more likely to transmit HIV to his unaffected partner 
B)  Juan is less likely to transmit HIV to his unaffected partner 
C)  Juan odds of transmitting HIV to his unaffected partner are no less and no greater than if he did not have HIV 
D)  Juan should decide to abstain from having sexual intercourse with any partners. 
A)  Juan is more likely to transmit HIV to his unaffected partner 
B)  Juan is less likely to transmit HIV to his unaffected partner 
C)  Juan odds of transmitting HIV to his unaffected partner are no less and no greater than if he did not have HIV 
D)  Juan should decide to abstain from having sexual intercourse with any partners.

Question 12

Describe four innovative interventions that have been used in Canada to lower the rates of STI. Provide one rationale for each intervention. Give an example of why each intervention has been controversial.

Accepted Answer

-Needle exchange programs: cli

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true of incarcerated persons in Canada's correctional facilities?

Accepted Answer

A)  Incarcerated persons have disproportionately high rates of STIs compared to non-incarcerated persons 
B)  Non-incarcerated persons have disproportionately high rates of STIs compared to incarcerated persons 
C)  Incarcerated persons have proportionally appropriate rates of STIs compared to non-incarcerated persons 
D)  Incarcerated persons have equal rates of STIs compared to non-incarcerated persons 
A)  Incarcerated persons have disproportionately high rates of STIs compared to non-incarcerated persons 
B)  Non-incarcerated persons have disproportionately high rates of STIs compared to incarcerated persons 
C)  Incarcerated persons have proportionally appropriate rates of STIs compared to non-incarcerated persons 
D)  Incarcerated persons have equal rates of STIs compared to non-incarcerated persons

Question 14

Which of the following are classified as bacterial sexually transmitted infections?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chlamydia, scabies, and herpes 
B)  Syphilis, candidiasis, and human papillomavirus 
C)  Gonorrhea, syphilis, and chlamydia 
D)  Vaginitis, hepatitis A, and gonorrhea 
A)  Chlamydia, scabies, and herpes 
B)  Syphilis, candidiasis, and human papillomavirus 
C)  Gonorrhea, syphilis, and chlamydia 
D)  Vaginitis, hepatitis A, and gonorrhea

Question 15

In 2014, what percentage of Canadians infected with HIV are unaware of their HIV status?

Accepted Answer

A)  59% 
B)  77% 
C)  43% 
D)  21% 
A)  59% 
B)  77% 
C)  43% 
D)  21%

Question 16

What would be an appropriate method of testing for chlamydia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Culture of the fluid drawn from a sore 
B)  Dark-field microscopy 
C)  Blood test 
D)  Urine testing 
A)  Culture of the fluid drawn from a sore 
B)  Dark-field microscopy 
C)  Blood test 
D)  Urine testing

Question 17

Carlita is seeking care for vaginitis. What information should the community health nurse give Carlita about the most common cause of vaginitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginitis and is not usually sexually transmitted 
B)  Viral vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginitis and is not usually sexually transmitted 
C)  Bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginitis in is usually sexually transmitted 
D)  Viral vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginitis and is usually sexually transmitted 
A)  Bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginitis and is not usually sexually transmitted 
B)  Viral vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginitis and is not usually sexually transmitted 
C)  Bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginitis in is usually sexually transmitted 
D)  Viral vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginitis and is usually sexually transmitted

Question 18

Which of the following statements true about the Indigenous population in Canada?

Accepted Answer

A)  Indigenous people have disproportionately high rates of HIV compared to non-Indigenous people 
B)  Non-Indigenous people have disproportionately high rates of STIs compared to Indigenous people 
C)  Indigenous people have proportionally appropriate rates of STIs compared to non-Indigenous people 
D)  Indigenous people have equal rates of HIV compared to non-Indigenous people 
A)  Indigenous people have disproportionately high rates of HIV compared to non-Indigenous people 
B)  Non-Indigenous people have disproportionately high rates of STIs compared to Indigenous people 
C)  Indigenous people have proportionally appropriate rates of STIs compared to non-Indigenous people 
D)  Indigenous people have equal rates of HIV compared to non-Indigenous people

Question 19

Heidi is working with high school students to discuss the importance of safe sex practices. The students appear uninterested and distracted. What should Heidi be worried about?

Accepted Answer

A)  Students are aware of where to obtain treatment for potential STIs and will seek out services 
B)  Students are apathetic about hearing about and complying with safer-sex messages 
C)  Students already are aware of safer-sex messages and will comply if they engage in sexual activity 
D)  Students may not be engaging in sexual activity so this information is not relevant at this this 
A)  Students are aware of where to obtain treatment for potential STIs and will seek out services 
B)  Students are apathetic about hearing about and complying with safer-sex messages 
C)  Students already are aware of safer-sex messages and will comply if they engage in sexual activity 
D)  Students may not be engaging in sexual activity so this information is not relevant at this this

Question 20

Describe four areas that influence clients to be unable or unwilling to prevent the spread of HIV. Give two specific examples related to each area that a CHN might see in practice. Discuss one type of program that CHNs may be involved in to support these clients' efficacy at implementing risk-reduction practices.

Accepted Answer

-psychiatric deficits, e.g., fetal alcoh

Exam 31: Sexually Transmitted and Blood-Borne Infections

What is the most prevalent reportable bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) seen in Canada?

What is the purpose of Supervised Consumption Sites?

What does HPV stand for? How does HPV manifest and why is it important? How is HPV diagnosed? How is HPV prevented?

The local health department recognized that there are high rates of various STIs among women who work as exotic dancers. Which intervention has the best chance of success in reducing the high rates of STIs?

Which of the following terms is used to describe "a program-planning process that applies commercial marketing concepts and techniques to promote voluntary behavior change"?

Leslie is 50 years old and presents at the community health centre with complaints of vaginal and rectaldischarge. Leslie does not use condoms with common-law partner Terry. What testing should the nurse offer to provide Leslie?

Sangeeta is a community health nurse who works with clients who are at increased risk of obtaining blood-borne infections. Why do blood-borne infections need special consideration?

A nurse is working with a new immigrant group to prevent STIs. What is the nurse most likely to encounter with this population?

Which are typical acute HIV symptoms that occur two to four weeks after infection?

Thomas has contracted herpes from his new partner. How will this STI be treated?

Juan is HIV positive and attending the STI clinic. Adriana, the community health nurse is communicating to Juan that in addition to being HIV positive, Juan also has Syphilis. Which of the following statements is true about this situation?

Describe four innovative interventions that have been used in Canada to lower the rates of STI. Provide one rationale for each intervention. Give an example of why each intervention has been controversial.

Which of the following statements is true of incarcerated persons in Canada's correctional facilities?

Which of the following are classified as bacterial sexually transmitted infections?

In 2014, what percentage of Canadians infected with HIV are unaware of their HIV status?

What would be an appropriate method of testing for chlamydia?

Carlita is seeking care for vaginitis. What information should the community health nurse give Carlita about the most common cause of vaginitis?

Which of the following statements true about the Indigenous population in Canada?

Heidi is working with high school students to discuss the importance of safe sex practices. The students appear uninterested and distracted. What should Heidi be worried about?

The History of Community Health Nursing in Canada

Policy, Politics, and Power in Health Care

Nursing Roles, Functions, and Practice Settings

Public Health Nursing

Home Health Nursing in Canada

Advocacy, Ethical, and Legal Considerations

Theoretical Foundations of Community Health Nursing

Health Promotion

Race, Culture, and Health

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Communicable Diseases

Community Nursing Process

Community Health Planning, Monitoring, and Evaluation

Digital Health

Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health

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Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and Two Spirit Clients

Older Adult Health

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Chronic Care, Long-Term Care, and Palliative Care

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Ecological Determinants of Health and Environmental Health Inequities

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