Question 1

The difference between the rad and the rem is

Accepted Answer

A)  the rem is a rad per year. 
B)  the rad takes into account the type of radiation. 
C)  the rem takes into account the effect on the particular biological tissue. 
D)  the rem is a rad per kilogram. 
E)  None of these choices are correct. 
A)  the rem is a rad per year. 
B)  the rad takes into account the type of radiation. 
C)  the rem takes into account the effect on the particular biological tissue. 
D)  the rem is a rad per kilogram. 
E)  None of these choices are correct.

Question 2

Which of the following series of radioactive decays would convert Pa-234 to Ra-226?

Accepted Answer

A)  beta, alpha, beta 
B)  alpha, alpha 
C)  beta, alpha, alpha, beta 
D)  beta, alpha, alpha 
E)  alpha, beta, gamma 
A)  beta, alpha, beta 
B)  alpha, alpha 
C)  beta, alpha, alpha, beta 
D)  beta, alpha, alpha 
E)  alpha, beta, gamma

Question 3

It is believed that two carbon-12 nuclei can react in the core of a supergiant star to form sodium-23 and hydrogen-1. Calculate the energy released from this reaction for each mole of hydrogen formed. The masses of carbon-12, sodium-23, and hydrogen-1 are 12.0000 amu, 22.989767 amu, and 1.007825, respectively.

Accepted Answer

A)  2.16 × 1014 kJ 
B)  2.16 × 1011 kJ 
C)  2.16 × 108 kJ 
D)  2.16 × 105 kJ 
E)  None of these choices are correct. 
A)  2.16 × 1014 kJ 
B)  2.16 × 1011 kJ 
C)  2.16 × 108 kJ 
D)  2.16 × 105 kJ 
E)  None of these choices are correct.

Question 4

The nuclide Pb-210 undergoes three successive decays (beta, alpha, and beta, respectively) to form a stable nuclide. What are the three nuclides that form from Pb-210 in this decay series?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tl-210, Au-206, Pt-206 
B)  Bi-210, Tl-206, Pb-206 
C)  Pb-209, Hg-205, Hg-204 
D)  Bi-210, Pb-206, Bi-206 
E)  None of these choices are correct. 
A)  Tl-210, Au-206, Pt-206 
B)  Bi-210, Tl-206, Pb-206 
C)  Pb-209, Hg-205, Hg-204 
D)  Bi-210, Pb-206, Bi-206 
E)  None of these choices are correct.

Question 5

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation.

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 6

Who discovered radioactivity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Geiger 
B)  Curie 
C)  Roentgen 
D)  Becquerel 
E)  Rutherford 
A)  Geiger 
B)  Curie 
C)  Roentgen 
D)  Becquerel 
E)  Rutherford

Question 7

Which one of the following descriptions relating to nuclear reactions is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ratio of neutrons to protons remains constant. 
B)  The number of protons plus neutrons remains constant. 
C)  The number of electron remains constant. 
D)  The total charge changes. 
E)  The total number of nucleons changes. 
A)  The ratio of neutrons to protons remains constant. 
B)  The number of protons plus neutrons remains constant. 
C)  The number of electron remains constant. 
D)  The total charge changes. 
E)  The total number of nucleons changes.

Question 8

Exposure to 10 nCi for 10 minutes is more hazardous for a child than for an adult because

Accepted Answer

A)  the child's cells are dividing more rapidly than the adult's and are, therefore, more susceptible to the radiation. 
B)  the child's smaller body size makes the effective dose larger for the child than for the adult. 
C)  the child's immune system is not developed well enough to resist damage. 
D)  the child's skin is not as thick as an adult's and cannot block as much radiation. 
E)  None of these choices are correct. 
A)  the child's cells are dividing more rapidly than the adult's and are, therefore, more susceptible to the radiation. 
B)  the child's smaller body size makes the effective dose larger for the child than for the adult. 
C)  the child's immune system is not developed well enough to resist damage. 
D)  the child's skin is not as thick as an adult's and cannot block as much radiation. 
E)  None of these choices are correct.

Question 9

The radioisotope   will decay through

Accepted Answer

A)  α decay. 
B)  β decay. 
C)    decay. 
D)  positron decay. 
E)  electron capture. 
A)  α decay. 
B)  β decay. 
C)    decay. 
D)  positron decay. 
E)  electron capture.

Question 10

The isotope   has a half-life of 21 hours. If a sample initially contains exactly 10000 atoms of   approximately how many of these atoms will remain after one week?

Accepted Answer

A)  1250 
B)  78 
C)  39 
D)  0 
E)  None of these choices are correct. 
A)  1250 
B)  78 
C)  39 
D)  0 
E)  None of these choices are correct.

Question 11

Gamma rays are not deflected by an electric field.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 13

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 14

A N-14 nucleus is hit by a particle, forming a C-14 nucleus and a proton as the only products. Identify the type of particle which struck the N-14 nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha 
B)  proton 
C)  electron 
D)  neutron 
E)  deuterium 
A)  alpha 
B)  proton 
C)  electron 
D)  neutron 
E)  deuterium

Question 15

Assuming that no other particles are produced, which of the following particles could be used to bombard nitrogen-14 in order to make fluorine-18?

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha particle 
B)  beta particle 
C)  neutron 
D)  proton 
E)  positron 
A)  alpha particle 
B)  beta particle 
C)  neutron 
D)  proton 
E)  positron

Question 16

Which one of the following is an incorrect representation of the indicated particle or nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A)  positron:   
B)  neutron:   
C)  helium-3:   
D)  alpha particle:   
E)  proton:   
A)  positron:   
B)  neutron:   
C)  helium-3:   
D)  alpha particle:   
E)  proton:

Question 17

A 30.0-kg child receives 2.65 × 107 β particles, each with an energy of 4.60 × 10-13 J. If the RBE = 0.78, how many millirem did the child receive?

Accepted Answer

A)  3.2 × 10-7 
B)  5.2 × 10-7 
C)  5.2 × 10-4 
D)  3.2 × 10-2 
E)  None of these choices are correct. 
A)  3.2 × 10-7 
B)  5.2 × 10-7 
C)  5.2 × 10-4 
D)  3.2 × 10-2 
E)  None of these choices are correct.

Question 18

The (negative) binding energy per nucleon reaches a maximum for the isotope 126C

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

A pure sample of tritium, 3H, was prepared and sealed in a container for a number of years. Tritium undergoes β decay with a half-life of 12.32 years. How long has the container been sealed if analysis of the contents shows there are 5.25 mol of 3H and 6.35 mol of 3He present?

Accepted Answer

A)  2.34 y 
B)  3.38 y 
C)  9.77 y 
D)  14.1 y 
E)  25.6 y 
A)  2.34 y 
B)  3.38 y 
C)  9.77 y 
D)  14.1 y 
E)  25.6 y

Question 20

Detection of radiation by a Geiger-Müller counter depends on

Accepted Answer

A)  the emission of a photon from an excited atom. 
B)  the ability of an ionized gas to carry an electrical current. 
C)  the emission of a photon of light by the radioactive particle. 
D)  the ability of a photomultiplier tube to amplify the electrical signal from a phosphor. 
E)  the detection of the sound made by decay particles. 
A)  the emission of a photon from an excited atom. 
B)  the ability of an ionized gas to carry an electrical current. 
C)  the emission of a photon of light by the radioactive particle. 
D)  the ability of a photomultiplier tube to amplify the electrical signal from a phosphor. 
E)  the detection of the sound made by decay particles.

Exam 24: Nuclear Reactions and Their Applications

The difference between the rad and the rem is

Which of the following series of radioactive decays would convert Pa-234 to Ra-226?

The nuclide Pb-210 undergoes three successive decays (beta, alpha, and beta, respectively) to form a stable nuclide. What are the three nuclides that form from Pb-210 in this decay series?

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation.

Who discovered radioactivity?

Which one of the following descriptions relating to nuclear reactions is correct?

Exposure to 10 nCi for 10 minutes is more hazardous for a child than for an adult because

The radioisotope will decay through

The isotope has a half-life of 21 hours. If a sample initially contains exactly 10000 atoms of approximately how many of these atoms will remain after one week?

Gamma rays are not deflected by an electric field.

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

A N-14 nucleus is hit by a particle, forming a C-14 nucleus and a proton as the only products. Identify the type of particle which struck the N-14 nucleus.

Assuming that no other particles are produced, which of the following particles could be used to bombard nitrogen-14 in order to make fluorine-18?

Which one of the following is an incorrect representation of the indicated particle or nucleus?

A 30.0-kg child receives 2.65 × 107 β particles, each with an energy of 4.60 × 10-13 J. If the RBE = 0.78, how many millirem did the child receive?

The (negative) binding energy per nucleon reaches a maximum for the isotope 126C

A pure sample of tritium, 3H, was prepared and sealed in a container for a number of years. Tritium undergoes β decay with a half-life of 12.32 years. How long has the container been sealed if analysis of the contents shows there are 5.25 mol of 3H and 6.35 mol of 3He present?

Detection of radiation by a Geiger-Müller counter depends on

Keys to Studying Chemistry Definitions, Units, and Problem Solving

The Components of Matter

Stoichiometry of Formulas and Equations

Three Major Classes of Chemical Reactions

Gases and the Kinetic-Molecular Theory

Thermochemistry Energy Flow and Chemical Change

Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure

Electron Configuration and Chemical Periodicity

Models of Chemical Bonding

The Shapes of Molecules

Theories of Covalent Bonding

Intermolecular Forces Liquids, Solids, and Phase Changes

The Properties of Mixtures Solutions and Colloids

Periodic Patterns in the Main-Group Elements

Organic Compounds and the Atomic Properties of Carbon

Kinetics Rates and Mechanisms of Chemical Reactions

Equilibrium the Extent of Chemical Reactions

Acid-Base Equilibria

Ionic Equilibria in Aqueous Systems

Thermodynamics Entropy, Free Energy, and Reaction Direction

Electrochemistry Chemical Change and Electrical Work

The Elements in Nature and Industry

Transition Elements and Their Coordination Compounds

Filters

A 30.0-kg child receives 2.65 × 10⁷ β particles, each with an energy of 4.60 × 10^-13 J. If the RBE = 0.78, how many millirem did the child receive?

The (negative) binding energy per nucleon reaches a maximum for the isotope ¹²₆C

A pure sample of tritium, ³H, was prepared and sealed in a container for a number of years. Tritium undergoes β decay with a half-life of 12.32 years. How long has the container been sealed if analysis of the contents shows there are 5.25 mol of ³H and 6.35 mol of 3He present?