Exam 5: Groups and Organizations

A(n)____________ can be anything that meaningfully represents something else.

Discuss the impact of immigration to the United States as it pertains to cultural diversity.

Applying the broadest sense of the concept, most people in the United States could be classified as members of one subculture or another.

Which of these is not one of the ten core American values identified by sociologist Robin Williams?

Language may be a source of power and social control; language perpetuates inequalities between people and between groups because words are used to "keep people in their place."

Culture works for humans the way that instincts work for other animals, guiding them through their daily lives.

Members of the upper classes must be trained to appreciate and participate in high culture. This knowledge, called ____________, is symbolic of being upper class, and excludes members of lower classes.

____________are strongly held norms that have moral and ethical connotations within a particular culture, and that may not be violated without serious consequences.

A(n)____________ is a biologically based behavioral pattern that is common to all members of a species under certain environmental conditions.

The term____________ refers to a set of symbols that expresses ideas and enables people to think and communicate with one another.

The term____________ refers to unlearned, biologically determined impulses common to all members of a species that satisfy needs such as those for sleep, food, water, or sexual gratification.

A potential danger of applying ____________is that taken to its extreme it may be used to justify practices that violate human rights.

From the ____________perspectives, people create, maintain, and modify culture as they go about their everyday activities, thereby continually negotiating their social realities.

The ____________perspective emphasizes how people change culture through interaction with others; whereas the ____________perspective emphasizes that no single perspective can grasp or explain the complexity and diversity of the social world.

Rotating a finger to indicate that someone is "crazy" is an example of a gesture. Gestures are a component of __________.

What is the best definition of diffusion?

A strength of the ____________on culture is its focus on the needs of society and the fact that stability is essential for society's continued survival. A shortcoming is its overemphasis on harmony and cooperation.

Explain the concept of cultural lag.

Most technological changes _____________.

Which of these is the best example of a reflex?