Exam 15: Population and Urbanization

Applying his preconditions for the development of cities, sociologist Gideon Sjoberg places the first cities in __________.

One measure of population composition is the___________ , which is the number of males for every hundred females in a given population.

Which of these is considered a "pull" factor for international migration?

Life expectancy varies by sex. Females born in the United States in 2014 could expect to live about ___________years, compared with a life expectancy of ___________for males.

___________suggests that migration may be fostered by groups, such as humanitarian aid organizations relocating refugees or smugglers bringing people into a country illegally, and that the actions of these groups may produce a larger stream of migrants than would otherwise be the case.

Emile Durkheim applied the term___________ to bonds based on a simple division of labor and shared religious beliefs such as are found in small agrarian societies.

Which early theorist described urbanism as a "way of life"?

Which of these is not one of the factors noted in the text for limiting the size of preindustrial cities?

______________is the potential number of children that could be born if every woman reproduced at her maximum biological capacity.

When single-family residences are sold and turned into apartments, the remaining single-family owners often move out because the "old" neighborhood has changed. This is an example of___________ having occurred.

Eighteen percent of the world's population lives in ______________countries.

At birth, the U.S. sex ratio is generally even at 100, indicating that an equal number of males and females is born.

In the United States, after the Civil War, thousands of African Americans moved from the South to the North. This is an example of___________ .

Which of these is a social factor affecting fertility level?

The tension between use value and exchange value is at the center of the ___________perspective on urban growth.

Scholars agree that the demographic transition is an accurate model for describing the process of population growth in nearly all societies.

The term fecundity refers to the _______________.

Which of these countries was the first to industrialize?

The conflict perspective on the growth of cities is completely structural in its approach and explanations, focusing on the impact of capitalism.

___________suggests that as the natural resources, land, and workforce in low-income countries with little or no industrialization have come under the influence of international markets, there has been a corresponding flow of migrants from those nations to the highly industrialized, high-income countries.