Exam 16: Collective Behavior, Social Movements, and Social Change

Sociologists McPhail and Wohlstein added ___________crowds to the four types of crowds identified by Blumer. These types of crowds engage in activities intended to achieve specific political goals.

When a gunman recently shot into a crowded movie theater in Colorado, what occurred in the theater would be termed a(n) ____________.

In his theory of fashion, Herbert Blumer argued that ___________.

___________movements seek limited change in some aspect of people's behavior.

___________is voluntary, often spontaneous activity that is engaged in by a large number of people and typically violates dominant-group norms and values.

___________crowds provide opportunities for the display of some strong emotion (such as joy, excitement, or grief). People release their pent-up emotions in conjunction with other persons experiencing similar emotions.

Define mass behavior; describe the most frequent types of this behavior.

Sociologist ___________asserted that fashion serves mainly to institutionalize conspicuous consumption among the wealthy.

Describe the key assumptions of the resource mobilization theory.

Social constructionist theorists have identified three ways of framing an issue. A___________ frame presents solutions or remedies based on the target that has been identified.

For a movement to develop, there must be a clear statement of the problem and a shared view of its causes, effects, and possible solutions. This illustrates the value-added condition of___________ .

The most frequent types of ___________behavior are rumors, gossip, mass hysteria, public opinion, fashions, and fads.

The term___________ refers to nonviolent action that seeks to change a policy or law by refusing to comply with it.

Applying convergence theory in his study of a lynch mob, social psychologist Hadley Cantril found that __________.

In 1938, actor Orson Welles hosted a radio broadcast dramatizing H. G. Wells's science fiction classic The War of the Worlds. A CBS radio dance-music program was interrupted suddenly by a news bulletin informing the audience that Martians had landed in New Jersey and were in the process of conquering Earth. The ensuing reaction was an example of ____________.

___________reflects the influence of sociologist Erving Goffman's Frame Analysis, in which he suggests that our interpretation of the particulars of events and activities is dependent on the framework from which we perceive them.

All people who experience discontent or relative deprivation will eventually join a social movement of some type.

Love Canal residents were engaging in___________ behavior when they called attention to their problems with the chemical dump site by staging a protest in which they "burned in effigy" the governor and the health commissioner to emphasize their displeasure with the lack of response from these public officials.

When social movements become institutionalized, the initial zeal and idealism of members may diminish and early grassroots supporters may become disillusioned and drop out.

Sociologist John Lofland states that different forms of collective behavior can be distinguished by the feelings that are expressed and perceived. He terms these the___________ .