Exam 16: Collective Behavior, Social Movements, and Social Change

Collective behavior is very contemporary; it began with the civil rights movement in the 1950s.

Collective behavior tends to be___________ .

___________theory focuses on the ability of members of a social movement to acquire resources and mobilize people in order to advance their cause.

Convergence theory has been criticized because it does not explain ____________.

___________theory is based on the assumption that a social movement is an interactive, symbolically defined, and negotiated process that involves participants, opponents, and bystanders.

Efforts to oppose school integration, civil rights and affirmative action legislation, and gay marriage are all actions taken by ___________movements.

Describe Blumer's typology of crowds, including the more recent inclusion of protest crowds.

Contrast collective behavior with other forms of organizational behavior.

In the ___________stage of a social movement, an organizational structure develops, and a paid staff (rather than volunteers) begins to lead the group.

When officials counter a rumor with authentic information, this only serves to strengthen belief in the original rumor.

Social movements sometimes fit the definition of mass behavior.

According to___________ theory, people who are satisfied with their present condition are less likely to seek social change. Social movements arise as a response to people's perception that they have been deprived of their "fair share."

People in a shopping mall or on a city bus are examples of___________ crowds.

From the perspective of___________ , individuals with similar characteristics or attitudes seek others who are similar with whom they can express their predispositions to behave and feel in different ways.

Mobs, riots, and panics are all examples of___________ crowds.

Once a rumor begins to circulate, it seldom stops unless compelling information comes out that disproves the rumor or makes it obsolete.

Discuss the value-added theory of social movements, describing each condition that adds to the likelihood that a social movement will develop.

A ___________is defined as a currently valued manner of behavior, thinking, or appearance that endures for a period of time.

Describe the stages of development common to many social movements.

___________theory is based on the assumption that certain conditions are necessary for the development of a social movement and that each condition contributes to preceding conditions in making a social movement more likely.